Text
FRIEND
THE
|eto Smts. M
10,
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HONOLULU, SEPTEMBER 14,
CONTENTS
For September,
1801.
Convention at Hsuula
Exchange Papers
Ka Nupepa
Morning Star Papers
Mighty to Save"
"A Sailor's Kind Word
A Prayer for the Times
Plot.
40
49
49
60—56
66
66
66
THE FRIEND,
SEPTEMBKR 14, 1861.
Convention at Hauula.—On Tuesday the
10th inst., assembled at Hauula, Oahu, the
pastors and delegates of the several Protestant Hawaiian Churches of this Island,
viz: from First Church, Honolulu, Rev. E.
W. Clark and five delegates ; Second'Church,
Honolulu, Rev. L. Smith, and five delegates; Ewa Church, Rev. Mr. Solomona,
and five delegates ; Waialua Church, Rev.
J. S. Emerson, and five delegates; Waianae Church, (no pastor) five delegates ; Hauula Church, Rev. Mr. Kuaia, and five dele
gates; Kaneohe Church, Rev. B. W. Parker, and five delegates.
The following are among the topics discussed by the Convention: Discipline of
Churches; the inexpediency of Church
Members engaging in Law-suits and importance of Church-members settling disputes
among themselves, by reference and otherwise ; Support of Pastors; State of Religion in the Churches, &c, &c
The Oahu Clerical Association, met at the
same place on Tuesday afternoon. Present
Messrs. Clark, Smith, Emerson, Parker, Damon, Corwin, Solomona and Kuaia. Joel
Bean, member of Society of Friends, present by invitation. Rev. L. Smith, Moderator, and Rev. S. C. Damon, Scribe. Essays read by Messrs. Solomona and Emerson, and Sermon by Rev. E. Corwin ; text,
1 Cor. xv:24.—Adjourned to meet at Honolulu, next February.
BC7" We live to little purpose, if we do
gather up the results of our experience
not
1861.
Polynesia.—-The Polynesian, a paper published in Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, prints
an account of a tragedy that occurred in a
court-room in one of our Southwestern
States, and warns its readers against the
danger of lapsing into similar barbarism.
The seriousness with which it discusses the
shocking state of society in the United
States, and the self-complacency with which
it compares the peaceful, harmless life ol
the Sandwich Islanders, are very edifying.
years," says the Springfield
" It is but a fewsince
Republican,
were giving our
" toweconvert
money and prayers
these heathens, and already they begin to preach to us.
Next they will be sending sivarthy missionaries to convert us from our barbarism—and
serve us right."— Exchange Paper.
We have no Hawaiian Missionaries
to send to the United States just now, as
the appeal is so strong for laborers in Marquesas and Micronesia, but in a few years,
we might have a few to send to the benighted and barbarous of the United States.
Dr. McClintock, pastor of the American
Chapel at Paris, translated the Savannah
speech of " Vice President" Stephens, in
which he argued that slavery was the normal and safe condition of society, and had
itprinted in two of the newspaper* of that
city. The editors, in commenting on it,
said that it must be a forgery, that no man
in his senses could promulge and defend
such doctrines. The thing was generally
hooted at by the Paris people, and it was
not till Dr. McClintock produced proof of
the genuineness of the document that the
people sat down to a sober perusal of the
infamous teachings of the speech.—Exchange
Paper.
The Minister Remembered.—Shortly
after the birth of one of his children, the
celebrated Rufus Choate, addressed the following note to the Rev. N. Adams, of Essex street, Boston,
My Dear Sir :—Having had a child born,
within a few days, I have thought I could
do no honester thing, than to send my Minister a volume of poetry—a votive volume,
as Wordsworth might say. I shall be sorry if you happen to own the edition.
I am most truly, your friend and servant.
R. Choate.
\m Sam, Hoi. 18.
49
Ka Nijpepa kv i ka Wa, (A Newspaper
for the Times,) is the name of a weekly
newspaper in the Hawaiian language, to
be printed and published by H. M. Whitney,
Esq., at the special solicitation of a committee of Natives chosen by the people of
Honolulu. It will be issued regularly after
the Ist of January, 1862. Its size will correspond to the Polynesian. In the meantime a monthly number will be issued gratis.
Subscription price$2,00 per annum. Success
to the enterprize. Under the direction of
said committee a single No. of the Star of
the Pacific appeared and was published at the
Polynesian office. It took well among Hawaiians. If the people crave knowledge
and news, surely they should have it, if they
are willing to pay for it.
That Question.—An English missionstates that on one occasion a British
officer was denying the reality of Hindoo
conversion, and saying he could show up"
"
any one that might be brought before him.
The missionary produced his assistant Gonga, who had renounced an ample salary as
Brahmin, in order to become a Christian.
Gonga related his experience, his awakening,
his conflicts, and how he had put Juggernaut
to the test. Then he told of the happy
change which had come over his feelings,
and how, by faith in Christ, he had a good
hope through grace. The tears stood in the
officer's eyes, and he seized Gonga's black
hand, saying, "God bless you, I amglad to
have met with you." Then it was Gonga's
have claimed the right," said
turn.
" You
officer, " to examine me, and now
he to the
perhaps you will allow me to examine you a
little ? You come from a Christian country,
you call yourself a Christian, now I want to
ask if you are really a Christian." The officer got up and walked into an inner room.
Gonga followed him, saying in a gentle voice,
I did not mean to offend you, and I would
"only
ask you as a Christian, to pray to God
that I may be found faithful until death."
The officer dated his conversion to God from
that time.
ary
honest.
Nothing is profitable which is dis-
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 18*1.
50
MP
oSrntiagr apers.
I Continued ft-om our Lant.)
X.
ABOUT GILBERT ISLANDS.
Population.—Captain Randell, a cocoa-nut oil trader, who has long
been familiar with the islands, and has probably more influence throughout the group, than any other foreigner, furnished the Rev. Dr. Gulick,
with the following, as the population of the Gilbert Islands:
FACTS AND FIGURES
Makin and Buturitari, (Pitt's Island)
Marakei, (Mathew's Island) •
• •
Apaians, (Charlotte Island)
Tarawa, (Knox, properly Knoy's Island,)
Maina, (Hall's Island)
Kuria, (Woodle's Island)
Aranuka, (Hendervilie's Island)
Apamama, (Simpson's Island)
Nonouti, (Sydenham's Island) •
Taputeuwea, (Drummond's Island)
Peru, (Francis Island)
Nukunau, (Byron's Island) •
Onoatoa, (Clerk's Island)
Tamana, (Rotcher's Island) •
Arorai (Hope Island)
-
- -
2,000
—
2,000
3,000
3,500
4,000
1,500
1,000
5,000
tt.OOO to 7,000
7,000 to 8,000
1,500 to 2,000
5,000 to 6,000
4,000
3,000
2,000 to 2,500
50,500 to 54,001
Inhabitants.—With the exception of fish and a very
Food
few cocoanuts, the food of the people consists almost entirely of the
fruit of the pandanus tree. They eat the fruit raw, and also prepare it
for long preservation. It must be exceedingly nutritious. Let no one
imagine that the fruit of the pandanus on the Gilbert Islands, is the
same hard and impalatable article as that found upon the Hawaiian
Islands. There is nearly as great a contrast between the two as between a crab apple and a lucious Oregon apple. It is not only nutritious,
but must be an exceedingly healthy diet. In no part of the world,
have we seen a more healthy community than we found upon Apaiang
and Tarawa, the only two islands of the group which we saw.
Commbkce. —The only commerce of the islands consists in the sale
of cocoa-nut oil for tobacco. The natives in their degradation and
heathenism, manifest but very little disposition for trade except in tobacco and fire arms. A Sydney firm has been engaged in the oil
trade and it proved exceedingly profitable. As the influence of the
mission begins to be felt, a desire is awakening to obtain some other
articles in the way of traffic except tobacco. A few are beginning to
ask for cloth, knives, hatchets,and other articles. The King of Apaiang
forwarded five hundred dollars, by Capt. Gelett, to purchase lumber for
a small house. He had obtained the money, as a commission, for procuring oil ofhis people for the traders. Judging from the two islands
which we visited, there ia but little to tempt the trader to visit those
shores.
Cultivation.—The islands do not admit of cultivation. There is literally no soil. The islands are formed of sand, broken coral and
shells, with a thin layer of decomposed leaves and other vegetable
substances. The number of grasses, trees, and vines is exceedingly
small. At very great labor the natives cultivate a coarse species of
kalo, which they reserve for feasts, not eating it as an ordinary article
of diet. All the islands of this group are low, and of coral formation.
Apaiang.—This island is about fifty miles in circumference. Twenty-swven miles of the island is wooded. It varies from one-eighth, to
If all the land of the island was
one-fourth of a mile in width.
brought into a compact form, it would not form an island four miles
in diameter.
Foreign iNTßacooasa.—The Gilbert Islands were first discovered
in 1765. They were next Tinted by Captains Marshall and Gilbert,
commanding the Scarborough, and Charlotte In 1824, the French
navigator, Duperrey, visited and explored some islands of this group.
The most thorough exploration and survey ever made, was performed
by the U. S. Exploring Expedition, in 1841.
In 1844, the whaleship, Columbia, Capt. Kelly, of New London,
of the
was wrecked on Sydenham's Island. In 1848, Capt. Spencer, of the
Triton, was very nearly being cut off at the same island. On the
same island the Flying Fox, Capt. Brown, was wrecked and in 1852,
the whale ship Ontario, Capt. Slocum, was wrecked upon Pitt's Island.
At the present time, but very few foreigners are residing upon the
islands. There is but very little inducement for foreigners to settle
upon any of these islands. On Tarawa we found only two foreigners
except the Hawaiian Missionaries. These are engaged in collecting
cocoanut oil for Capt. Randell.
Social Standing of the People.—They are an exceedingly debased
and degraded portion of the human family. They wear but little
clothing. Both sexes, until twelve or fourteen years of age, are entirely destitute of clothing. Adults wear but a slight covering; the
males tie around their bodies a coarse mat, while females wear a girdle of fringed leaves a few inches wide. We can add our testimony
to the truthfulness of the following language of Dr. Gulick :
"They are pre-eminently indelicate and indecent, possessing very little, if any, of that relined gentility found on Ponapi. Many of their customs regarding the dead are abominably filthy and disgusting, such as preserving the bodies for days and weeks, and carefully daubing over themselves the froth or ooze from the mouth of the deceased. The wife
will frequently for weeks after the death of her husband continue to
sleep beside the corpse, under the same coverlid; and a mother will
sometimes carry the body of her infant about with her till it falls to
pieces, and then she will cleanse the bones and carry them. Indeed, it
is common to preserve the bones, particularly the skull, of the dead,
and carry them about, at times carefully anointing them with oil, and
even sharing food with them.
" Heathenism is here seen in some of its lowest and most disgusting
forms, though it may be said in alleviation that there is little of that
deliberate cruelty and none of that religious sacrifice of life found in
many of the groups of the Pacific. Their religious rites differ in no
material respects from those already described in connection with other
groups. Stones, the incarnations of deities, are found everywhere,
some of which are so noted as to be the recipients of gifts of food, and
to receive the prayers of certain priestly ones."
In their moral and social condition they are far, very far below
Hawaiian*. The natives of the Sandwich Islands are a civilized and
Christian people, compared with the Gilbert Islanders.
XI.
FAREWELL GLANCE AT THE GILBERT ISLANDERS.
are the breezes that wave the tall cocoa,
" O softsweet
are the odors that breathe on the gale;
And
Fair sparkles the wave as it breaks on the ooral.
Or wafts to the white beach the mariner's sail."
Before our eyes catch a glimpse of Ebon and our attention is arrested by the Marshall Islanders, let us take one more glance at the dwellers upon the low coral islands of the Gilbert Group. Poets may sing
of the charms of a tropic isle, where waves the tall cocoa, and the
waves break on the coral; the disciples of Rosseau may discourse upon the happy lot of the savage; but it requires only a passing glance to
dispel the poet's dreams and the skeptic's boasts. However much the
charms of nature may delight the eye and please the fancy, yet the
actual sight ot crowds of naked men, women and children, ignorant,
filthy, and degraded, is a most sad and heart-affecting spectacle. We
envy not the man who can extol the condition of the heathen, who are
living separate, destitute and apart from the blessings of Christianity,
and much less do we envy those who, from Chriwian lands, visiting
those degraded people, contribute to introduce among them the vices
and diseases of civilized society.
Some of the southern islands of the group have been very much
corrupted by the demoralizing influence of foreign intercourse. Not
so at Apaiang and Tarawa. But very few foreigners have ever lived
among the inhabitants of these two islands, or others in the immediate
vicinity. There is little, if anything, to tempt the trader among them,
except the traffic in cocoanut oil. It is important that the people
should have their desires awakened for something else besides tobacco,
in exchange for oil. This will be the result as the influence of the
mission extends. Already the happy change has commenced at those
centres where the missionary's influence is most felt. Let the tide
once commence setting in an opposite direction, and the most happy
results will speedily follow. We are not sure but it would work beneficially if some of the people could be induced to emigrate to other
islands of the Pacific ; the reflex influence would be good upon those
who remain at home. Guano laborers might be obtained, we think,
with but little difficulty. There are islands destitute of inhabitants
where the cocoanut oil trade is yet to be commenced; the Gilbert
Islanders are just the men to be employed as laborers, in the same manner Messrs. English & Co. employ the natives of the South Seas, at
Farming's Island.
It is no uncommon event for newly arrived Europeans and Americans at Honolulu, to lament the low standard of civilization on the
Hawaiian Islands, and prematurely pronounce the missionary enterprise a failure. We only wish such carpers, growlers and narrowminded observers could come among us, via the Gilbert Islands. On
those islands is to be witnessed pure heathenism, unameliorated and
unsoftened by Christianity. Compared with the Gilbert Islanders, Hawaiians are highly favored and elevated in their civil and social condition. On returning to the dominions of Kamehameha IVth, we feel
that we have once more taken up our abode in a well ordered and
settled civil, social, intelligent and religious community. If any of
our island readers are dissatisfied with their homes and blessings, we
advise them to risk the Gilbert Islanders. Having made such a visit,
we are confident every one will say, in the language of the Psalmist,
" The lines have fallen unto me in pleasant places; yea, I have a goodly
heritage." Another feeling too, we should hope would arise in their
minds, akin to that which led Messrs. Bingham, Mahoe. Kanoa and
Haina, with their wives, to take up their abode among that people and
spend their lives in teaching the ignorant, elevating the degraded, healing the sick, clothing the naked, preaching to all, and guiding inquiring
souls to the Lamb of God, who " taketh away the sins of the world."
XII.
FIRST
GLIMPSE OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
" Strange scenes, strange men."
A passage of two days from Apaiang, brought the Morning Star to
Ebon, Boston or CovelPs Island. This is the most southerly of the
Ralick chain. Before our vessel came to anchor, scores of the islanders were swurming our deck. At a glance we saw that a new people
dwelt upon this group; lively, active, talkative, prying, shrewd and
ready to take advantage, unless we were upon the look-out. The Rev.
Mr. Doane came off in a large boat paddled by the principal chiefs of
the island. We received such a welcome as none but the lonely
missionary can give to one who pays him an unexpected visit. Having
heard the island news and reported the general items of news respecting the outside world, we left the vessel for a few days' residence on
shore. Here we spent from Wednesday evening until the following
Monday. During that period our ears were occupied in listening to
narratives of interest respecting the people, our eyes were glancing
about at the " strange scenes, strange men," passing before us, and our
feet were wearied in rambling over the island and reefs. We felt, at
first, rather bewildered, for the contrast was great between the dull,
stolid, and indolent Polynesians inhabiting the Gilbert Islands, and
the Yankee, driving and go-a-head people of Ebon. Having adjusted
our mental reckoning, we began to digest and arrange the facts we had
gathered, and jot down the impressions which had been made upon our
mind. The mission upon Ebon has been most interesting from its
commencement. The very establishment of the mission is connected
with a series of most providential and unlooked for incidents.
XIII.
ORIGIN OF THE MISSION TO MARSHALL ISLANDS.
When the Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Pierson arrived in Honolulu, in 1856,
they made known their wish to obtain a passage to Ualan or Strong's
Island, one of the Caroline Group. The following statement made by
Dr. Pierson, we copy from the Missionary Herald of September, 1855.
"In conversation with a man a few days since,l happened to ask him
if he knew of any opportunity by which we could reach Strong's Island during the summer. He replied that there was a vessel in port,
engaged in sperm-whaling and procuring cocoanut oil; and as the
Kingsmill Group is the region for the oil, possibly he would cruise befor whales, and so touch at Strong's Island. Upon this suggestion,
went to see the captain, and asked him where he intended to cruise.
He replied, ' Among the Kingsmill Islands.' I inquired if he would
visit the Caroline Islands. He said, ■ No.' I told him that I wished
to find a vessel that would go to Strong's Island. He said that he was
not going into that region. He said that the best he could do would be
to take me to the Kingsmill Islands and leave roe there ; and probably
in a few months I should find a passage to Strong's Island.
rond
51
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 1861.
"He then turned and looked at me very closely, and asked, «In what
capacity do you go ?' I replied, 'As a missionary.' He looked at
me very seriously for a minute or more, without saying a word ; after
which he said, ' I have a mind to take you to Strong's Island; for I
love the missionary work. I want missionaries to be placed on every
island in the ocean ; and lam willing to do what I can for the cause.
Whalers have been a curse to these islands long enough; and lam
determined to do what 1 can for their good, so as to have righteousness
and justice established upon them.' After talking with him some
time, he said if we were disposed to take a passage with him, and
cruise along through the Kingsmill and Radick groups, stopping at some
ten or twelve or more of these islands, he would take us to Strong's
Island ; but it would be three or four months before we should arrive at
the end of our journey.
Handy has been visiting these islands regularly for about
" Captainyears
for cocoanut oil, has become well acquainted with
seventeen
many of the natives, and understands the languages to a certain extent.
Indeed, he had lived upon one of the islands for several months. He
is very desirous to have missionaries settle upon both these groups of
islands, especially upon the Radack and Ralick Chains. There are no
foreigners residing upon them ; and we might preoccupy the ground,
and so avoid many difficulties that come from wicked foreigners who
have gained influence before the arrival of missionaries. These chains
of islands are both under one king, and all speak one language. The
Radeck and Ralick Chains compose Marshall's Group of islands. They
lie near together, and contain at least fifteen thousand inhabitants. He
says this in one of most interesting places in the world for a mission."
After conferring with the Directors of the Hawaiian Missionary Society, Mr. Pierson was advised to engage a passage with Captain Handy. Continuing his narrative, he writes as follows
" Mr. Damon and myself called upon the captain immediately, but he
said that he could not do anything without first consulting his officep.
He took us on board, and summoned the mates and steward to the cabin,
and told them that there was ■ a great talk on shore, and some people
wanted to put missionaries on board for the islands.' The first mate
said, ' I for one am glad of it. We need a missionary among us ; and
I am willing to take them.' Another said, ' Whalers have done so
much evil to the people on these islands, that I will do anything I can
for their good. I like the plan ; and I want the missionaries to go with
us.' The other said that he was very much pleased with the proposition. And the steward said that nothing should be wanting on his part
to make us comfortable. Arrangements were then made for our passage. The captain said that he would give me his state-room ; and the
first mate said that he would give his to the native helper, who is to
go with us.
" The missionary brethren were so much interested in Captain Handy's views, in regard to a mission on Kingsmill and Radack's Islands,
that they invited him to meet them, and give them more definite information. To this he cheerfully assented, and brought his chart along,
and gave them a very full description of that part of the seas, the
state of society, the manners and customs of the people on the different
islands. All were very much interested in his account, and felt convinced that the time had come when these islands ought to be occupied
by missionaries. We are filled with joy that our blessed Lord and
Saviour hasprovided such a favorable opportunity for us to explore lands
that have never hitherto been visited by a missionary."
:
XIV.
REV. DR. PIERSON AND CAPT.HAHDY, PEACEMAKERS.
The cruise of the bark Belle, forms an important era in the bloody
history of the inhabitants of the Marshall Islands. The Belle sailed
from Honolulu, May 24th, 1866, having Dr. and Mrs. Pierson on board
as passengers. Nearly a year elapsed before any intelligence was received respecting the vessel. A brief sketch of Dr. Pierson's explorations, will be found in the Friend of June 12, 1866. From that sketch
we copy as follows : "After tearing the Kingsmill Islands, the Belie
cruised among the Mulgrave Islands. The islands have been explored
but little, upon some of them probably no white man ever landed.
Cant. Handy made arrangements for opening a trade with the people
which afforded our missionary party a* excellent opportunity for exploration. A royal party, consisting of Her Royal Highness the Princess Nemaira, her husband, and five attendants, took paasage on board
the Belle and cruised about for several days. The natives expressed
a strong desire to have missionaries located among them, and this King
promised his protection. Dr. Pierson is hoping ere long to return
;
52
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 18 6 1.
and commence a mission there." It was our privilege to meet
Nemsira, the Princess mentioned in the above extract. She is a niece
of Kaibuke, who is of so much importance among the Marshall
Islanders, and whose character we have elsewhere sketched.
During that cruise, Capt. Handy, who had obtained a tolerable acquaintance with the Ebon language, exerted his influence, in conjunction with that of Dr. Pierson, to persuade the chiefs to desist from
their bloody policy, which had hitherto governed them in their intercourse with foreigners. The chiefs promised Dr. Pierson and Capt.
Handy, that they would not cut off any more ships, or put any more
foreigners to death who might chance to be cast upon their shores. We
are most happy to report, that so far as we have been able to ascertain
the facts, the chiefs have scrupulously kept their word. This fact
should surely be set down to their credit, and serve to soften our judgment in regard to this people. In justification of their bloody policy
and excuse of this treatment, the chiefs set up the plea of the illtreatment which they had received from foreigners. Dr. Pierson, in
his report of the cruise of the Belle, remarks as follows:
There are no whites on these islands at present, and no white man
has" ever lived on any of them for any length of time. The natives
have generally shown a hostile spirit to foreigners. Several vessels
have been cut off, and a great number of foreigners killed at different
times. The reason given for this conduct is, that when the king
(Kaibuke) was a young man, a (whale) ship visited Ebon, and a native
stole something, which gave occasion for disturbance. A general attack was made by natives and many were killed, —among them Kaibuke's, oldest brother, and he (Kaibuke) received a wound in the arm
from a spade, which we saw. He declared that he would have revenge,
—that he would kill all the whites he could, and cut off a vessel if
possible. His order to this effect has never been revoked until recently."
See Missionary Herald, for March, 1858.
While we rejoice that the chiefs should have chosen to pursue a
different policy, and follow wiser counsels, who can withhold his admiration of the mild and peaceful mission of Dr. Pierson and Capt. Handy?
Would that all shipmasters, and especially all masters of whale ships,
had pursued a similar policy to that of Capt. Handy, towards both the
natives and missionaries. Now that Capt. H. has probably retired
from the toils, perils and anxieties of a sea-faring life, it must be to
him a source of unspeakable satisfaction, that during his last voyage
among the savages of the the Marshall Islands, he initiated a policy of
good will and kindness towards foreigners in the place of their former cold-blooded and murderous practices; and to Dr. Pierson, who
was compelled by the sickness of wife, to retire from his field of labor
among this people, it must be a source of the purest joy, that his labors
as the pioneer missionary, were not in vain, but that now a plentiful
harvest is being gathered Irom the gospel seed which was sown by his
hands.
In referring lo the efforts of Dr. Pierson and Capt. Handy, it would
be unbecoming, as well as unjust, not to acknowledge the influence and
mild persuasion of Mrs. Pierson. Her influence with Nemaira, the sister of Kaibuke, was very great. She formed an attachment for Mrs.
Pierson, which still remains, and no opportunity is lost to make inquiries for this missionary lady and first white female who ventured to
risk her life among the savages of the Marshall Islands. Her mission
was a noble one, and although ill-health compelled her early to retire
from active missionary labors among that people, she may in her home
among the people of California, cherish the gratifying reflection, that
having done what she could and all she could, her influence is still
felt in curbing the violent passions, and checking the savage ferocity
of men who had previously imbrued their hands in the blood of many
who had been unfortunately cast upon their shores. " Blessed are the
peacemakers."
XV.
FORMER INTERCOURSE OF FOREIGNERS WITH THE
MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
Some facte have already been published, and others are now being
discovered, •rhich show that the Marshall Islanders have imbrued their
hands in the blood »f many strangers and seamen, who have visited
their islands. We hope that a new era has dawned upon those be-
be driven by stress of weather, or other causes, to seek safety among
the people of the Marshall Islands.
The following list of murders and massacres, will suffice to show
that the time has come when an end should be put to such bloody
transactions.
In 1834, Capt. Dowsett, mysteriously disappeared
at
the Piscadores,
one of the most northerly islands of Ralick Chain.
We still hope
as the missionaries extend their work northward, that they will be able
to ascertain something more definite in regard to his fate. We express this opinion, because the islanders have hitherto been very cautious about speaking of formei transactions with foreigners. As one
and another joins the mission party, facts are being revealed in regard
to the past history of foreign intercourse.
In 1845, Capt. Cheyne, of the Naid, had trouble with the
dwellers upon Ebon, and one man was killed upon the spot, besides
the nephew of the highest chief of the Ralick Chain was wounded and
died soon after landing.
Dr. Gulick, in his lectures, refers to a whale ship that was nearly
cut off, at Namarik, (Baring's Island) about the same time, (1845),
and also two whale boat's crews came ashore and the crews were all
killed at Ebon.
During our visit to Ebon, we also heard the story of a boat's crew
which landed upon Ebon, some years since, who had plenty of money.
A servant woman in the employ of Mrs. Doane, tells this story When
she was a little girl, a boat came to Ebon with six men in it. They
had plenty of food in the boat but came for water. Three of the men
had on white shirts, and were large, good looking men, not sailors.
They had money in a Hingham box or bucket. They had small
knives in their pockets. They were all killed by the natives. Their
boat was destroyed. Their clothes were put out of the way. She
saw them lying together on the ground after they were killed. Their
bodies were subsequently put out of the way. The natives threw gold
pieces about, and of some they made fish hooks. From the age of this
woman and the particulars which she has stated, we are led to suppose
this boat may have belonged to the ill-fated brig William Neilson,
Capt. Weston, who was accompanied by Capt. Dominis and Commissioner Brown as passengers. It is by no means unreasonable to suppose that the brig may have struck upon some one of the innumerable
reefs of this part of the Pacific.
From the Friend of May 15, 1847, we copy the following para-
:
graphs :
"The Missing Brig Wm. Neilson.—This vessel left the port of Honolulu, August 5, 1846, for China, expecting to return as early as
Christmas. Fears have been for months entertainedrespecting her fate,
but conjecture has inspired the hope that she was not lost; perhaps, she
might be sold or otherwise detained. The 'Mary,' which left China,
March 2d, reports that up to that date no intelligeace had been received respecting her. We can with difficulty bring our mind to the
conclusion that all on board have perished and not one survives to
report the story of her disaster. There is the possibility, that like
the brig ' Express,' the * Wm. Neilson ' may have been wrecked on
that some of the numerous islands in that part of the broad Pacific.
It is reported however, that a succession of terrible gales and typhoons
was experienced in that region of the ocean during the months of September, October and November. Ex. U. S. Commissioner, Brown,
and Capt. Dominis, passengers, and Capt. Weston commanding the
brig, are removed from their families, which will not soon cease to
mourn the absent husband and father, while a wide circle of friends
and relations will deeply sympathize with the bereaved. No person in
our community was more generally esteemed for his many excellencies as a neighbor, friend and citizen, than Capt. Dominis, and his
family have met with an irreparable loss.
" During Mr. Brown's long residence at the islands, he gained many
friends, and his private character, we believe, to have been above reproach. There are many in this quarter of the world who will sympathize with his deeply afflicted family. There are many here, who
will also sympathize with the family of Capt. Weston. On a former
voyage Mrs. Weston accompanied hej husband to our shores, when he
commanded the ship Congaree. In addition to the above mentioned individuals, it becomes our duty to record the names of others belonging
to the ship's company, viz : Mr. George Brown, Junior, passenger ; Mr.
Charles Green, a passenger, belonging to Barnstable, Mass. He came
to the islands as Capt. Dominis' Ist officer, on board the schooner
Swallow. One Chinaman and five Lascar sailors were also passen-
nighted islanders. If the mission established upon Ebon has done gers.
no other good, we trust that it has effectually stayed the effusion of
"Belonging to the crew of the brig, were the following : Ist officer,
blood and the cruel murder of any unfortunate mariners who might Mr. Harnmet, Martha's Vinyard; 2d officer, Mr. Benson, Baltimore,
Md. Seamen, Seth I'. Peterson and Amherst Peterson, brothers, belonging to Marshfield, Massachusetts. David Mann and Walter Tybu,
both belonging to Hanover, Mass. The names of cook and steward,
we are unable to learn. Two seamen, John Pitts and J. Gilbert, were
discharged sick at this port, just before the suiling of the vessel.
" The vessel, we are informed, was insured, as» well as the whole, or
a part of the cargo, $22,000 in specie."
In October, 1852, the schooner Glencoe of San Francisco, was
burntand crew murdered by the inabitants of Ebon. In this affair the
chiefs took no part, for they were absent from the island. The Gleneve anchored near the anchorage ground where the Morning Star
lay in safety during our visit, and where we enjoyed the most friendly
intercourse with the people.
A short time after the bloody affair of the Glencoe, it is reported
that a brig touched at Ebon, and active preparations were made by the
chiefs and people to take the vessel and murder all hands. Just as the
vessel was about to drop her anchor, the wind veered and the master of
the brig- concluded it unsafe to anchor. Thus the vessel escaped, in a
manner most providential. The vessel- would have anchored where
the Morning Star lay, while we remained at Ebon.
In December, 1852, (two months after the sad affair of the Glencoe,)
the Sea Nymph, of San Francisco, Capt. McKensie, was cut off at
Jaluit or Bonham's Island. The only survivor of Capt. McKensie's
crew, was brought to Honolulu about three years ago. The hull of the
vessel is now to be seen in the spot where she was burnt and sunk by
the natives. Dr. Gulick reports the Sea Nymph as belonging to San
Francisco, bat unless we are much mistaken, she was under the British
flag.
During our visit to Ebon, we also heard of a large ship which went
on shore at Bikini, one of the most northern islands of the Ralick
Chain. Report says that the ship's company embarked in their boats,
but left plenty of articles on the ship, and among other things left behind, wasa black New Foundland dog, which the natives rescued, and
which is now reputed to be among the islanders. We could not ascertain the name of the ship, or the year when the wreck occurred. We
hope yet to learn additional particulars in regard to this wreck.
It seems somewhat remarkable that the foregoing facts have not attracted the attention of either the British or American naval commanding officers upon the Pacific Station. From facts which came
under our notice while at Ebon, we are confident that the chiefs are
fearful that even yet they may be called to account for some one of the
many bloody deeds which have been perpetrated within their dominions." The retributive punishment, which a man-of-war might inflict,
conveys a terror to their minds. A man-of-war they have never seen,
but the name is familiar to their ears. It may seem strange, but it
is nevertheless true, there are many islands, even groups of islands, in
the Pacific, as yet unvisited by either an English or American vessel
of war. We do not plead for the visit of vessels-of-war to the
Marshall Islands, for the protection of the missionaries, or because we
have lost our faith in missions, but for the protection of commerce
and the lives of wrecked mariners. We believe the time has come
when it would be feasible to form a treaty with those people. The
chiefs, through the interpretation of the missionaries, could be made
to understand the nature of treaty-stipulations. Should a vessel of
war visit those islanders, they could be made to understand that,
should further massacres and murders occur, they would be held responsible. We can readily see that such a visit might be productive
of incalculable good. A judicious commander ought however to be
selected for the purpose, otherwise more evil than good would be the
the result.
We are not ignorant of the fact that an American vessel of war, the
schooner Dolphin, Lieut. Percival, once visited Mili, or Mulgrave Island,
which is the most southern of the Radack Chain. The occasion of
that visit (1825) was for the purpose of rescuing a portion of the crew
of the American whaleship Globe, on board of which a mutiny had
occurred. The Morning Star has visited that island, and the spot was
pointed out where the Globe anchored. The mutineers were killed by
the natives in consequence of their cruel treatment of the females.
The Dolphin was upon her return passage from the Mulgraves, when
she touched at Honolulu*£nd those disgraceful scenes occurred, which
gave Lieut Percival an unenviable notoriety, and prevented him from
obtaining the command of another vessel for nearly twenty years. He
still lives, and in his old age doubtless regrets the mad freaks of his
1861*
53
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER,
but in most instances, there may have been injury and insult
inflicted upon the islanders, before they were led to lift the murderous
knife. Let " by-gones be by-gones," but for the future let there be a
fair and full understanding that if new murders are committed, the
perpetrators will be held to a strict account. Such a policy would exert a most beneficial and salutary influence. The chiefs are now
haughty and overbearing, and voyaging about in their big war canoes or proas, imagine that they are above law, and hence are lawless.
The missionary may teach the people the gospel and thereby accomplish incalculable good, but he cannot do every thing. The following
facts however, will show that he can work with spiritual weapons
when threatened with carnal. On a certain occasion, a haughty and
overbearing chief, told the missionary that it was Ebon fashion,"
when foreigners conducted in a manner not to please the chiefs, that
they put them out of the way, or in other words, acted upon the principle, that " dead men could tell no tales." This was Ebon fashion.
Now the missionary wished to show this proud and lawless chief, what
was the Christian fashion of treating one's enemies ; so he conducted
the chief into his study, and knelt down and prayed for him and his
people. For writes the apostle Paul, " the weapons of our warfare,
are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of stony
holds." We have more faith in the prayers and teachings of the missionary,to christianize and civilize the rude and savage Marshall Islanders, than in commerce or warships. Let the missionary and school
teacher go among them with a translation of Webster's spelling book,
and the New Testament, and the most happy results may be looked
for; children taught to sing
not sure
"
"There is a happy land."
we do not believe will grow up to become murderers and pirates.
XVI.
KAIBUKE.
This is the name of one of the most remarkable personages we met
He is sometimes spoken of as the King, but that is however
far from being true. He is not even so high a chief as some others, or
even his elder brother. On one occasion both he and his brother visitted Mr. Doane, and we saw Kaibuke, take a seat on the opposite side of
the room, thus paying marked deference to that elder brother. He is
nevertheless an important character among his people, and upon his
word depends the life or death of the people. We could not learn, as
there was really any person who could be officially denominated as His
Majesty, or His Imperial Majesty, or the President. The government
of the islands is in the hands of a body of haughty, imperious and unscrupulous chiefs, whose caprices and whims are the laws of their dominions. Among these chiefs, Kaibuke has gained an ascendancy and
influence, in consequence of his energy, tact, impudence and adroitness. He is a complete politician, placed in a position to carry his
measures by force, if they cannot be promoted by mildness. He is exceedingly jealous of the teaching of the missionaries, yet has always
maintained a friendly intercourse with them. This must be said to his
credit, that he has always kept his word that he originally made to Dr.
Pierson, that he would protect the mission. He took Dr. Pierson for
" his son," and Mr. Doane, his friend," which is an expressive method
of speaking in the language" of Ebon. It isalso in his favor, that when
the Morning Star first entered the lagoon of Ebon, in 1857, he, aided by
another high chief, prevented her being run ashore and pillaged, as no
doubt some of the chiefs and many of the natives intended should have
been her fate.
Kaibuke occupies the position of Prime Minister or Secretary of
State, although such terms are foreign to the Ebon dialect He was at
church the Sabbath morning we spent at Ebon. The question was
asked him in the presence of the audience if he would protect additional missionaries, if they were sent to Ebon. He gave us his word
that he would.
We could relate many stories which were told respecting his duplicity, cruelty and lack of trust worthiness, but we prefer to allow our
readers to remain in ignorance of the dark side of his character. Kaibuke is no doubt more or less implicated in some of those deeds of
blood which have been perpetrated upon the Marshall Islands. We
hope however better mings for him in time to come. Those who, have
gone thither as teachers have not failed to point out to him the better
youth.
way, or that the eye of Jehovah is continually upen him, and that he will
We should seriously deprecate the consequences if a vessel of war be held responsible by the King of kings.
Kaibuke, takes his name from that ofa ship, in the language of New
should be sent to call the islanders to account for the past, for we are
at Ebon.
54
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER,IB6I.
Zealand. Several years ago a ship from the "south seas" visited the
islands. The ship was called Kaibuke, so he took that name. Another
chief took the name of Capt. Terry, from the name of the commander
of the vessel.
We visited Kaibuke's residence, and found him surrounded by his
wives, (of whom he has four,) and his eleven children, most of whom
could not be said to be encumbered with a superabundance of clothing.
He is a man apparently about fifty-five years of age, with a countenance indicative of enerpy and good nature, although not of nobleness and magnanimity. We account him however a remarkable man,
and if not too old to learn, we hope to hear better reports of him hereafter.
The following incidents may serve to illustrate the character of this
Ebonite politician and Prime Minister. On our first interview, a
surprising intimacy and familiarity was manifest on his part. Mr.
Doane introduced us as " the mikinan at Oahu, to foreigners and
seamen." Kaibuke replied, "Mikinari Oahu, Mikinari very good."
His eye caught our black coat. He took hold of the sleeve saying,
"Me like very good." Remembering the precept that "He that hath
two coats, let him impart to him that hath none," we gave to it a
Various were the interviews which we
literal interpretation.
had with this Ebon official. Sometimes we conversed upon matters grave and solemn, and at others we carried on trade in a small
way, i.e. exchanging fish hooks and jack knives for the curiosities of
the country. At the interview alluded to above, when we called at his
residence, it so happened that after a long walk, we were exceedingly
thirsty, hence we asked for a little water. He said, " will you not
have acocoanut." We assented, of course. One of his attendants
was immediately sent off and up one of those gracefully waving trees
adorning the coral islands of Micronesia. Soon the cocoanuts were
brought, one for each of us present. We passed ours to His Excellency,
but he declined. When we all had quenched our thirst, Kaibuke very
politely intimated that a fish-hook apiece would be acceptable for the
nuts.
We (including our two companions) paid His Excellency,
Kuibuke, three fish hooks for three cocoanuts, and took our departure.
We only mention this fact as an illustration of Kaibuke's remarkable character ! If hereafter, in the progress of learning, he
should ever acquire a knowledge of the English language, and these
remarks upon his character should fall under his eye, he may be
assured that the mikinari of Oahu " has followed Othello's parting
injunction, "
" And naught set down in malice."
XVII.
ORIGIN OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
Much has been said and written about the origin of various inhabiscattered over the islands of Polynesia. Whatever theory may
be formed respecting Hawaiians, Tahitians, Samoans, or Kingsmill
Islanders, we are confident but one opinion can be true respecting the
Marshall Islanders. They are unmistakably of Japanese extraction.
We know that in making the assertion, we are at variance with the
opinions of some ethnological writers. Whoever saw the Japanese
embassy visiting the United States in 1860, and the Marshall Islanders, would say that they were sprung from the same original stock.
Their features and physical organization are most strikingly similar.
We could not discover one Polynesian trait, feature or habit among
them. Like the Japanese and Chinese, they are remarkably industrious. They are constantly at work, whether upon the land or sea.
have a saying " Ebon people never tire." This trait is most
strikingly in contrast with all the Polynesian tribes, so proverbially indolent.
The Japanese Princes are accustomed to traverse the empire, with
large retinues, and thousands of retainers; the Marshall Islanders perform similar journeys upon the sea. Every year the chiefs of the
Marshall Islands make long voyages, from island to island of the
group. We were so fortunate as to meet the entire company of
the chiefs of the Ralick Chain of islands, at Ebon. They were
about fitting off for a summer cruise to the north. Their large
war canoes were hauled upon the sand beach. On the day of our
arrival, there had been a race of canoes across the lagoon. We
were informed that thirty large proas or war canoes, would form
the expedition north, manned by five hundred followers of these chiefs,
who voyage in royal st»tt>. These proas are propelled by a large
tants
triangular sail, which is so hung upon the mast that it will propel the
proa either way. Their arrangements for a rudder, is a paddle fastened by a rope, and which can readily be changed from one end of the
proa to the other. They never propel these proas by paddles, but trust altogether to the winds.
In subsequent investigations, it will be interesting to ascertain if there
are not strong affinities between the Japanese and Ebon languages.
We arc not prepared to hazard even an opinion upon this subject, but
still the thought has arisen in our mind, from reading the Rev. Mr.
Doane's remarks upon The Ebon and Ponapi Dialects Compared,"
published in the Friend of Feb. 1860, that when a similar comparison
shall embrace the Japanese language, that will be found to be the basis of both the Ebon and Ponapian dialects. There is no surer method of tracing the migration of nations and tribes over the continents,
islands and oceans of our globe, than by ferreting out the roots and
radicals of their languages. In glancing an eye upon a good map of
the Pacific, it will appear that the Marshall and Caroline Islands are
separated from the Japanese Islands by a breadth of ocean which
might be passed over by junks drifting away from land. In looking
at the present condition, customs and habits of the Marshall Islanders,
we see no great disimilarity between them and the Japanese, which
might not have arisen from their isolated and insular position.
In further confirmation of opinion that the Marshall Islanders are an
off-shoot of the Japanese, we would refer to their religious opinions.
They do not worship idols, but hold their ancestors in great veneration.
They have their consecrated groves and sacred spots. Superstitious
or religious ideas do not appear to have had a very strong hold upon
their minds. Mr. Doane remarked to us, that they were almost atheists.
Who does not rejoice that they now are to have made known to them a
knowledge of the one only true God ?
"
XVIII.
CHEERING PROSPECTS OF
THE
EBON MISSION.
From our knowledge of the Marshall Islanders, knowing them to
have been extremely hostile to foreigners, as much so as the Japanese,
and in all respects so unlike Polynesians generally, we were not prepared to witness much encouragement to prosecute the mission. This
mission was first established by Messrs. Donne and Pierson, in 1857,
There have never been but two mission-families at the same time upon
the island. Dr. Pierson left on account of his wife's sickness, at the
end of his second year's labor. Dr. Gulick and family remained there
but one year, and at present the Rev. Mr. Doane and Mr. Aea, the
Hawaiian Missionary, are occupying the field.
The gospel has made a decided impression upon the people. Preaching is regularly maintained at the station, and upon an islet on the
opposite side of the lagoon, to which station Mr. Doane goes every
Sabbath afternoon. Mr. Aea teaches a station school and visits two
islets for teaching schools, once a week. His services are invaluable.
He has now been upon the island only nine months, yet he speaks the
language with fluency, and is daily perfecting himself in speaking and
writing. He began to address the people when he had been there but
three months. We visited his school. When calling the roll of eighty
pupils, forty-three answered to their names. We heard them read, saw
them write, and witnessed their ability in ciphering. Their progress was really commendable, considering that not yet four
years have elapsed since the missionaries began to reduce the language to a written form. It must be borne in mind, that there are no
reading or school books in the Ebon dialect, but what have been prepared and even printed by them, upon a little miserable hand press,
that would not be worth in New York five dollars. Mr. Doane and
Aea work at type-setting and the- press, never having been iniatiated
into the mysteries of a printing office before going to Ebon. They
have printed at this station an elementary book for children learning
to read, a few of the first chapters of Matthew, and a small collection of
hymns. Some of these were written by Dr. and Mrs. Pierson, who
are now in California. With these few meagre^helps, these missionaries
are rapidly teaching the children and adults of Ebon and the neighthey mingle scripboring islands to read. In all their
tural truth in every variety of form. It was exceedingly surprising to witness the readiness with which the pupils in the day and
Sabbath schools.answered the questions addressed to them. There was
a sprightliness, activity, aptness and quickness of perception which
gave the pleasing evidence that the youth of Ebon would not fall behind the youth of other and more favored lands, if they could only
THE FRIEND, .SEPTEMBER, 1861*
enjoy similar advantages. The missionaries have certainly secured a
hold upon the rising generation which promises a rich harvest in future
years.
55
XFX.
AN AMERICAN MISSIONARY WITH HIS COAT OFF, AND
AN HAWAIIAN MISSIONARY WITH HIS SLEEVES
ROLLED UP.
Not only have the youth of Ebon afforded gratifying evidence of
becoming good scholars, but several have already become, in the exWe witnessed a scene on one of the islets encircling the lagoon of
pressive language of the islanders, " lovers of Jesus." Christians are Ebon, which would have gratified the friends of education and missions.
styled lovers of Jesus." We met some of these young people, and After the Sabbath morning services at the Mission Station, it was our
surely it" afforded a joy which words cannot express, to witness their privilege to accompany Messrs. Doane and Aea to their out-station
meek and gentle demeanor, and hear Mr. Doane speak of their humble, on the opposite side of the
lagoon. We were just one hour crossing
and consistent walk. One of these may be said to have met a martyr's the lagoon. On approaching the shore, Mr. Doane skilfully piloted
death, for he was cruelly put to death by a company of revengeful our boat through a narrow opening in the reef, scarcely wide enough to
chiefs, urged onward by hatred and passion, and the lying tongue of allow the boat to pass. We entered the smooth waters within the
a base woman.
We were assured that hatred of the young man's barrier reef, and skimming along over beds of coral, of every shape, vaChristian principles had no small influence in hastening forward his riety and color, saw the fish darting in and out from under the rocky
death. May the blood of the martyr prove the seed of the church, branching marine forest.
in this, as it has in numerous other instances.
As we landed, a group of bright-eyed and laughing children gave us a
This leads us to remark that, while the truth is manifestly and cordial welcome. We proceeded immediately to the meeting or school
rapidly making progress upon Ebon, among the common people, there house, where an audience of over one hundred soon gathered. The feare those who are decidedly opposed to the movement. Many of the males were all modestly attired, their hair neatly combed and parted,
high chiefs, although apparently upon good terms with the mission- and many wore chaplets of fresh flowers. The house was filled, even
aries, are at heart inimical to the preaching of the gospel. These overflowing, and as closely packed as the hold of a slaver. The Rev.
He introduced the strangers,
persons tolerate the mission, because, indirectly, it brings ships and Mr. Doane conducted the services.
trade to their islands; beyond this, they are exceedingly suspicious of who made short addresses. Then followed the school exercise. The
the work which has commenced among their hitherto secluded islands. whole audience, old and young, arranged themselves into groups of
There are two opposing parties, and the present indications are, that about eight or ten. Mr. Doane, Aea, and a few young men, or rather
ere long there will be a mighty struggle for the supremacy. It would boys, who could read, sat down upon the mats to teach these ignorant
be no surprising thing if the mission should be violently opposed by a islanders the rudiments of their language. Truly the scene was one
powerful body of the chiefs, who look with a jealous eye upon the to be remembered by those of us to whom such scenes were new.
fact that their subjects are learning to read and acquire knowledge. Mr. Doane took of his coat, and Aea rolled up his sleeves. They enThese chiefs are keen and shrewd men, and foresee that with the in- gaged in the work with an energy and zeal, earnestness and cheerfulcrease of knowledge among the commoners, will arise a party to oppose ness, that imparted life and animation to the school, which banished
the old and cruel practices of the rulers of the land. Only upon a everything like drowsiness or inattention. Every eye and ear was
much smaller scale, the same elements are at work among the inhabi- alive. We never saw more hearty study or more promising pupils.
tants of the Marshall Islands, which were at work among the Romans The sounds of
be, bo, bu,
and other ancient nations in the early ages of Christianity, when the
" b»,
am, om, im, urn, em,"
Apostles went forth in obedience to the Saviour's command, to make
disciples of all nations. If this mission goes forward as it has been thus are still ringing in our ears. The voices of the Ebonites are by no
auspiciously commenced, we may confidently look for great and glo- means harsh or unpleasant. Mr. Doane has arranged some of the
rious results. A good beginning has been made. A foothold has been elementary exercises, in such a manner that they form a simple chant,
secured. Gospel seed has been sown. It is already springing up. rendering the lessons very easy of remembrance. The interesting
"Say not ye, there are four months, and then cometh harvest? Behold, school was opened by singing " There is a Happy Land," and closed
I say unto you, lift up your eyes, and look on the fields, for they are by a hymn, in the Ebon language.
white already to harvest."—John iv:3s.
[TO BE CONTINUED.]
ADVERTISEMENTS.
H. STANGENWALD, M.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
I).,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Let* New York City Dispensary Physician, member of the
Medico Chirurgtcal College and of the Pathological Society
of New York.
OMcc At Dr. Judd'sDrug Store, on Fort Street. Residence in
Nuaami Valley, opposite tliat of K. 0. Hall, Bag. '.Mo-ly
,
CHAB. F. GIJILLOU, M. D
Lets Surgeon United States Navy, late Consular Physician to
American seamen and general practitioner.
Ofloe, corner Kaahumanu and Merchant streets, and residence
at Dr. Wood's Mansion, Hotel street.
Medical and Surgical advice in English, trench, Spanish, and
a
t
.
;
Pliotoffrdphic
fHurs
from n....t0 2 r.
reelileno..
THE
at other hours inquire at
KING'S
X-tf
,
Gallery
UNDERSIGNED WISHES TO INthe public, that
AjqaocrPM,
MELAINOTYPEB,
LSATHIR,
LOCKET and
RING PICTURES.
JOS. W. KINO, Artist,
Next to the Post Otke, up .lairs
-.
.VM-ly
C. BREWVER A CO.,
Commission and shipping Merchant*, Honolulu, Oahu, 11. I,
RKKKRTO
JmisIICHKtWELI., Esq., I
u«-,™
BoMon
' "
Charlxs B.swae, EkJ.,
MxstiaK. Mcßuaa ft JlxxxlLL, I
»™noia»o
twaawsou.
CHA*.WoLCOTT BKOOIS, Esq., f
Iloogkoog.
Misses. Wx. Puhtao a Co.,
Mxssas. Pans, llcaasLL A Co.,
Manila.
ln»-tf
,
C. H. WETMORE, M. D.
CONSULAR PHYSICIAN dr SURGEON.
To sick American Seamen,and general practitioner,
having an entire new stock and
forni
arrangements by which he will be In receipt ofany new stylos
of picture* which may be taken either at San granotaoo or New
Yoik, wDI be able to meet orders from thisKate In thelatest
styles, and at aitremely low prices. Alsoassures his friendsand
patron* that he will either fully satisfy them in their picture,
or no pay.
The present stock on hand having been selected by Mr. W. t.
Hoeiaod, at nan frencisco. all may rest assured it i* of the
and latest fashion.
OB A PBS,
Ety
J. H. COLE,
AUCTIONBBn
(strocxesoa to a. r. bvkrctt.)
At hi* late rooms, Queen Street.
HILO, HAWAII, S. I.
N. B.—Medicine Chest* carefully replenished at the
e-tf
HILO
DRUG STORE.
S. P. FORD, H. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office Kaahnmanu street, near Queen.
DR. J. MOTT KMITH,
orncE,
DENTIST.
port and hotel, streets,
corner or
HONOLULU, H. I.
E. HOFFMANN,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office in the New Drug Stare, corner of Kaahnmanu and Queen streets, Makee It Anthon'a Mock.
Open day and night
I
ADVERTISEMENTS.
\ 11. I. A A BE R
RILL,
spcosaaou to
George W. Macy,
X AWAITTAK. HAWAII,
Will continue the General Merchandise and Shipping bailors.
at the above |n>rt, where they are prepared to furniih the
justly celebrated Kawaihae Potatoes, and such other recruits as are required by whale ships at the shortest notice,
and on the most reasonable terms.
310-om
t. c. uaaaiLL
O. 0. x'acsa.
McRITER St MERRILL,
Merchants
(ommission
AMP
AUCTIONEERS,
AOENTS OF THE
Regular Dispatch Line of Honolulu Packets.
O* All freight arriving In transitu for the Sandwich Islands,
will be received and forwarded by the Regular Dispatch Line'
or cokkissiiix.
Particular attention paid to forwarding and transhipment of
merchandise,sale of whaleman's bill*, and other exchange, Insurance ofmerchandlac and specie under open policies sappy
log whaleshlps, chartering ship*, etc.
"
raaj.
117 and 119 California street,
Captain B. F. Blow,
anna to:
Mem. C. B.awsa *> Co.,
A. I'. Ivxarrr, Esq.,
B. Pirxix, Rao...
110 tf
\
I
j
.booh*.
m,
™"
•T. WOftTH,
in business at Hilo,
Hawaii, ig prepared to furnish ship* vita
tits, on favorable Una forCaen, Good* or Bill*
SAVING
ettghlighgdhuaaalf
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 1861.
56
For the Friend.
lxiii: 1.
He has told us
Mighty to Save.—Isaiah
Jesus is mighty to save.
all power in heaven and earth has been given
Hrm, And He has said, when He gives to
any man eternal life none can pluck them
out of his hands. Yes, we who believe
know Jesus is mighty to save. For some of
us once felt there was no power in heaven
or earth that could save us. But we found
Jesus could. And therefore we say to you,
kind reader, Jesus is mighty to save. He
can save the bitterest and most persecuting
foe of His. He saved Paul of Tarsus. He
can save those living in awful sins, such as
man-stealing. He saved John Newton. He
can save those whose lips only know to curse
and swear. He saved John Bunyan—who
says of himself, from a child he had few
equals for cursing and swearing, lying and
blaspheming the holy name of God.
Yes, He can save the vilest of sinners, for
it is a faithful saying, and worthy of all
acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into
the world to save sinners. He came to save.
That was His mission. And if He came for
this purpose, we may well suppose there is
no one so sinful He cannot save.
Perhaps you, dear reader, may feel you
are too great a sinner for Christ to save.
Ah no! only once put your soul in His
hands—only once come to Him and ask
Him—only once honestly say lo Him you
are a great sinner, and want to love Him
and live with Him in heaven, and He will
give you life, will save you. He is mighty
to save. Just say you will love Him, serve
and obey Him all lifelong, and He will—
you have His word for it, and God's word
for it, and the teachings of all holy men for
it—save you. Come with the cry—Lord
save or I perish; come with the plea—Lord
have mercy on me, and He will save you;
come with the truthful heart—
" Juit ai I am, without one plea,
But that thy blood was shed for me.
And that thou bid'at me to come to thee,
0 Lamb of God, I oome,"
and you are His and He is yours, and no
power in heaven or earth or hell can harm
or destroy you. He will save you—He is
mighty to save, mighty to save.
E. T. D.
Ebon, Marshall Islands,
June, 1861.
A Sailor's Kind Reproof.—Solomon
says, " A word fitly spoken is like apples of
gold in pictures of silver;" and again, " A
word in due season, how good it is !" The
following incident in the life of a distinguished Baptist minister of Scotland, will
show that a sailor may sometimes utter a
word, the results of which will affect millions of immortal souls :
A Word in Season.—James A. Haldane,
who recently died in Edinburgh, in his early
life commanded the man-of-war Melville
Castle. When engaged in an action, he
ordered up a fresh set of his hands to take
the place of those who had been killed by
the broadside of the enemy. The men
seeing the mangled bodies of their comrades, instinctively drew back, at which
he poured forth a volley of oaths, and
wished them all in hell. A religious seaman shortly after said to him respectfully
and seriously, " If Godhad heard your prayer
just now, where should we have been ?" His
words were winged by Him who never
smites in vain, and from that day the captain
became a changed man. He lived to preach
His brother
the Gospel fifty-four years.
Robert, now known as an able, learned and
pious commentator, was early converted
under his preaching. Robert went to Geneva, and while there a number of young men
were converted under his labors, among
whom were Frederic Monod, now one of the
pillars of the Evangelical Church in France,
Felix NefT, the devoted young pastor of the
high Alps, and Merle D'Aubigne, the historian of the Reformation. Who can gather
up the results of that single conversion on
board the Melville Castle, brought about
through a single sentence addressed by a
sailor to his profane commander ?
Times.—The Right
of
Rev. Bishop Potter,
Pennsylvania, has
to be distribfollowing
prayer
caused the
uted among the clergy orhis diocese, to
be used at their discretion in their public
services on the Sabbath :—
O Almighty God, who art a strong
tower of defence to those who put their
trust in Thee, whose power no creature is
able to resist, we make our humble cry to
Thee in this hour of our country's need.
Thy property is always to have mercy.
Deal not with us according to our sins,
neither reward us according to our iniquities ; but stretch forth the right hand of
Thy majesty, and be our defence for Thy
name's sake. Have pity upon our brethren
who are in arms against the constituted
authorities of the land, and show them
the error of their way. Shed upon the
counsels of our rulers the spirit of wisdom,
and moderation, and firmness, and unite
the hearts of our people as the heart of one
man in upholding the supremacy of law,
and the cause of justice and peace. Abate
the violence of passion; banish pride and
prejudice from every heart, and incline us
all to trust in thy righteous Providence,
and to be ready for every duty. And oh,
that in thy great mercy, thou wouldst
hasten the return of unity and concord to
our borders, and so order all things that
peace and happiness, truth and justice, religion and piety, may be established
among us lor all generations. These
things, and whatever else Thou shalt see
to be necessary and convenient for us, we
humbly beg through the merits and mediation of Jesus Christ our Lord and Sa-
A
Prayer for the
viour. Amen.
God Every where.—The theology and
the piety of agricultural and mechanic arts
and pursuits are palpable. God is in history
and jn science—in all our inventions and
dscioveries. They are all according to his
laws—have been developed by his laws—
and proofs conclusive that He is their author.
Every good gift, and every perfect gift comes
from above, from the Father of lights.
MARINE JOURNAL.
PORT OF HONOLULU, S. I.
ARRIVALS.
Sept. 2—Am hark Yankee,Commodore Paty, 11j days fromBan
Francisco.
4—Am hark Zne, Lawton, from the Arctic, with 3000 its
bone, 6000 Iba ivory, and 76 brls wh oil.
■:> II I. M. corvette Oalathee, 28 guns, Capltainedu
Cornnlicr-Lueinlere, 16 days from Tahiti.
s—Am steamer Santa Cms, Bennett, 11 days from San
Francisco.
11 -Haw. sen Maria, R Brown, from sea.
12—Am clipper ahip Kadnga, Burdit*, 134 days from
Boa ton.
DEPARTURES.
Sept. 9— Am hark Comet, Smith, forBan Francisco.
10—Am steamer Santa Crux. Bennett, for Japan and
China.
MEMORANDA.
Xf Am. steamer Santa Cruz, Bennett, rc)>orts—Left San
Francisco Aug. 25. On the 27th, the steward, named B. F.
Parker, jumped overboard and was drowned. The vessel was
Immediately hove to, a boat lowtred, and every exertionmade to
save him, hut he disappeared before the boat could reach him.
He was supposed to have been insane. Experienced light,
baffling winds the entire passage.
fiCT Am. ship Riduga, Burditt—Left Boston May lat; was
65 days to Staten Land ; thence to 50° S. was 26 days, during
which experienced very severo weather, continual gales from
W.N.W. to W.3.W. After that, had light, variable winds the
remainder of the passage. Saw several vessels off the Horn,
but did not learn any of their names or where bound. Arrived
at Honolulu Sept. 12, all well,after a passage of 184 days.
PASSENGERS.
From San Franciuco—per Yankee, Sept. 2—Mrs Newberry,
Misses X and C Newberry, Mr anil Mra Waterhnuse, Mrs
Sequent and child. Miaa Emmea. Jqo Yates, wifeand 3 children,
P C Waterman, J C Spalding Capt T Cummins, Capt C Cook,
Mrs Mailand 2 children, Daniel Burns, Jno Madden, Wm Lore,
Lieut F C Kruger, W II Kruger, A 8 Qrinbaum, II Raymond,
Richard Nortlirop, S 11 Lichtenstein, John Smith, GeorgeGrey,
Wm Basch, John Barker, and 2 Chinamen—3s.
For Sin Francisco—per Comet, Sept. 9—Mrs 0 P Judd,
Miss 8 A Judd, Allan Judd, Misses Carrie A Hall, Mlsi Cornelia Hall, Mrs Macfarlane and 4 children, Mra L L Richards
and 3 children, Wm White, C II Dair, Miaa R Daly, D & Vida,
F L Hanks, t Ashmead, Mr Hague, Wm Hogsn, W H Johnson,
I. Miller, N L Weldy, A X Stevens, JamesCooke, Chaa Taylor,
Mr Hunter, Mr Murphy, Mr George—32.
From San Francisco —per Sanu Crue, Sept. 6—For Honolulu : CII bunt. For <:hma t H M Shearer, MiaaDerooihire,
Mr Stevenson, CharlesSmith.
From Boston—per Raduga, Sept. 12—Mrs Burditt (Captain's
wife) and child, Henry W Saunders.
MARRIED.
DlMOUD—Witmhocse—In Honolulu, at the fort Street
Church, Thursday erening, Sept. 13, by Rot. IS. Corwin, Mr.
William Henry Dtmond to Mm Elton D. WaterhouM, both of
Honolulu.
Caanorow—Kaorrmwi—In Honolulu, Ang. 31, by Rer. S.
C.Damon, Changfow, a Chinaman, to Keopuhiwm, a Hawuian.
DIED.
Il—ln Honolulu, Sept. 12, Martha, wife of the Hon. Job* li,
of consumption, aged 19 years.
Clotoh—ld Honolulu, **pt. 2. Mr. John Hough, aged 20,
beloogiDg to Newburgh, N. Y. He was mate cat the Morning
Star m 1890, hut came from the United States an officer on
board the wbaleship ThomasDickason.
Hi»«moTii»—At Y. S. Hospital, Honolulu, Sept. 6. John
Harrington, belonging to Cairo, Oreene County, N- V., where
hiaparents now reside. He died in consequence of a severe
injury received from the blow of a whale, on the 10th of July,
while attached to the whaJeshlp Oeneral Pike. He was diacharged upon the Consulate August 12.
THE FRIEND:
A MONTHLY JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, SEAMEN, MARINE AND
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE,
PUBLISHED AND EDITED BY
SAMUEL €. DAMON.
TERMS:
Oa« copy, per annum,
Twoeopiai,
Fiveoopiea,
...
•••-..
"
|2.0$
8.00
MO
THE
|eto Smts. M
10,
3k 7.}
HONOLULU, SEPTEMBER 14,
CONTENTS
For September,
1801.
Convention at Hsuula
Exchange Papers
Ka Nupepa
Morning Star Papers
Mighty to Save"
"A Sailor's Kind Word
A Prayer for the Times
Plot.
40
49
49
60—56
66
66
66
THE FRIEND,
SEPTEMBKR 14, 1861.
Convention at Hauula.—On Tuesday the
10th inst., assembled at Hauula, Oahu, the
pastors and delegates of the several Protestant Hawaiian Churches of this Island,
viz: from First Church, Honolulu, Rev. E.
W. Clark and five delegates ; Second'Church,
Honolulu, Rev. L. Smith, and five delegates; Ewa Church, Rev. Mr. Solomona,
and five delegates ; Waialua Church, Rev.
J. S. Emerson, and five delegates; Waianae Church, (no pastor) five delegates ; Hauula Church, Rev. Mr. Kuaia, and five dele
gates; Kaneohe Church, Rev. B. W. Parker, and five delegates.
The following are among the topics discussed by the Convention: Discipline of
Churches; the inexpediency of Church
Members engaging in Law-suits and importance of Church-members settling disputes
among themselves, by reference and otherwise ; Support of Pastors; State of Religion in the Churches, &c, &c
The Oahu Clerical Association, met at the
same place on Tuesday afternoon. Present
Messrs. Clark, Smith, Emerson, Parker, Damon, Corwin, Solomona and Kuaia. Joel
Bean, member of Society of Friends, present by invitation. Rev. L. Smith, Moderator, and Rev. S. C. Damon, Scribe. Essays read by Messrs. Solomona and Emerson, and Sermon by Rev. E. Corwin ; text,
1 Cor. xv:24.—Adjourned to meet at Honolulu, next February.
BC7" We live to little purpose, if we do
gather up the results of our experience
not
1861.
Polynesia.—-The Polynesian, a paper published in Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, prints
an account of a tragedy that occurred in a
court-room in one of our Southwestern
States, and warns its readers against the
danger of lapsing into similar barbarism.
The seriousness with which it discusses the
shocking state of society in the United
States, and the self-complacency with which
it compares the peaceful, harmless life ol
the Sandwich Islanders, are very edifying.
years," says the Springfield
" It is but a fewsince
Republican,
were giving our
" toweconvert
money and prayers
these heathens, and already they begin to preach to us.
Next they will be sending sivarthy missionaries to convert us from our barbarism—and
serve us right."— Exchange Paper.
We have no Hawaiian Missionaries
to send to the United States just now, as
the appeal is so strong for laborers in Marquesas and Micronesia, but in a few years,
we might have a few to send to the benighted and barbarous of the United States.
Dr. McClintock, pastor of the American
Chapel at Paris, translated the Savannah
speech of " Vice President" Stephens, in
which he argued that slavery was the normal and safe condition of society, and had
itprinted in two of the newspaper* of that
city. The editors, in commenting on it,
said that it must be a forgery, that no man
in his senses could promulge and defend
such doctrines. The thing was generally
hooted at by the Paris people, and it was
not till Dr. McClintock produced proof of
the genuineness of the document that the
people sat down to a sober perusal of the
infamous teachings of the speech.—Exchange
Paper.
The Minister Remembered.—Shortly
after the birth of one of his children, the
celebrated Rufus Choate, addressed the following note to the Rev. N. Adams, of Essex street, Boston,
My Dear Sir :—Having had a child born,
within a few days, I have thought I could
do no honester thing, than to send my Minister a volume of poetry—a votive volume,
as Wordsworth might say. I shall be sorry if you happen to own the edition.
I am most truly, your friend and servant.
R. Choate.
\m Sam, Hoi. 18.
49
Ka Nijpepa kv i ka Wa, (A Newspaper
for the Times,) is the name of a weekly
newspaper in the Hawaiian language, to
be printed and published by H. M. Whitney,
Esq., at the special solicitation of a committee of Natives chosen by the people of
Honolulu. It will be issued regularly after
the Ist of January, 1862. Its size will correspond to the Polynesian. In the meantime a monthly number will be issued gratis.
Subscription price$2,00 per annum. Success
to the enterprize. Under the direction of
said committee a single No. of the Star of
the Pacific appeared and was published at the
Polynesian office. It took well among Hawaiians. If the people crave knowledge
and news, surely they should have it, if they
are willing to pay for it.
That Question.—An English missionstates that on one occasion a British
officer was denying the reality of Hindoo
conversion, and saying he could show up"
"
any one that might be brought before him.
The missionary produced his assistant Gonga, who had renounced an ample salary as
Brahmin, in order to become a Christian.
Gonga related his experience, his awakening,
his conflicts, and how he had put Juggernaut
to the test. Then he told of the happy
change which had come over his feelings,
and how, by faith in Christ, he had a good
hope through grace. The tears stood in the
officer's eyes, and he seized Gonga's black
hand, saying, "God bless you, I amglad to
have met with you." Then it was Gonga's
have claimed the right," said
turn.
" You
officer, " to examine me, and now
he to the
perhaps you will allow me to examine you a
little ? You come from a Christian country,
you call yourself a Christian, now I want to
ask if you are really a Christian." The officer got up and walked into an inner room.
Gonga followed him, saying in a gentle voice,
I did not mean to offend you, and I would
"only
ask you as a Christian, to pray to God
that I may be found faithful until death."
The officer dated his conversion to God from
that time.
ary
honest.
Nothing is profitable which is dis-
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 18*1.
50
MP
oSrntiagr apers.
I Continued ft-om our Lant.)
X.
ABOUT GILBERT ISLANDS.
Population.—Captain Randell, a cocoa-nut oil trader, who has long
been familiar with the islands, and has probably more influence throughout the group, than any other foreigner, furnished the Rev. Dr. Gulick,
with the following, as the population of the Gilbert Islands:
FACTS AND FIGURES
Makin and Buturitari, (Pitt's Island)
Marakei, (Mathew's Island) •
• •
Apaians, (Charlotte Island)
Tarawa, (Knox, properly Knoy's Island,)
Maina, (Hall's Island)
Kuria, (Woodle's Island)
Aranuka, (Hendervilie's Island)
Apamama, (Simpson's Island)
Nonouti, (Sydenham's Island) •
Taputeuwea, (Drummond's Island)
Peru, (Francis Island)
Nukunau, (Byron's Island) •
Onoatoa, (Clerk's Island)
Tamana, (Rotcher's Island) •
Arorai (Hope Island)
-
- -
2,000
—
2,000
3,000
3,500
4,000
1,500
1,000
5,000
tt.OOO to 7,000
7,000 to 8,000
1,500 to 2,000
5,000 to 6,000
4,000
3,000
2,000 to 2,500
50,500 to 54,001
Inhabitants.—With the exception of fish and a very
Food
few cocoanuts, the food of the people consists almost entirely of the
fruit of the pandanus tree. They eat the fruit raw, and also prepare it
for long preservation. It must be exceedingly nutritious. Let no one
imagine that the fruit of the pandanus on the Gilbert Islands, is the
same hard and impalatable article as that found upon the Hawaiian
Islands. There is nearly as great a contrast between the two as between a crab apple and a lucious Oregon apple. It is not only nutritious,
but must be an exceedingly healthy diet. In no part of the world,
have we seen a more healthy community than we found upon Apaiang
and Tarawa, the only two islands of the group which we saw.
Commbkce. —The only commerce of the islands consists in the sale
of cocoa-nut oil for tobacco. The natives in their degradation and
heathenism, manifest but very little disposition for trade except in tobacco and fire arms. A Sydney firm has been engaged in the oil
trade and it proved exceedingly profitable. As the influence of the
mission begins to be felt, a desire is awakening to obtain some other
articles in the way of traffic except tobacco. A few are beginning to
ask for cloth, knives, hatchets,and other articles. The King of Apaiang
forwarded five hundred dollars, by Capt. Gelett, to purchase lumber for
a small house. He had obtained the money, as a commission, for procuring oil ofhis people for the traders. Judging from the two islands
which we visited, there ia but little to tempt the trader to visit those
shores.
Cultivation.—The islands do not admit of cultivation. There is literally no soil. The islands are formed of sand, broken coral and
shells, with a thin layer of decomposed leaves and other vegetable
substances. The number of grasses, trees, and vines is exceedingly
small. At very great labor the natives cultivate a coarse species of
kalo, which they reserve for feasts, not eating it as an ordinary article
of diet. All the islands of this group are low, and of coral formation.
Apaiang.—This island is about fifty miles in circumference. Twenty-swven miles of the island is wooded. It varies from one-eighth, to
If all the land of the island was
one-fourth of a mile in width.
brought into a compact form, it would not form an island four miles
in diameter.
Foreign iNTßacooasa.—The Gilbert Islands were first discovered
in 1765. They were next Tinted by Captains Marshall and Gilbert,
commanding the Scarborough, and Charlotte In 1824, the French
navigator, Duperrey, visited and explored some islands of this group.
The most thorough exploration and survey ever made, was performed
by the U. S. Exploring Expedition, in 1841.
In 1844, the whaleship, Columbia, Capt. Kelly, of New London,
of the
was wrecked on Sydenham's Island. In 1848, Capt. Spencer, of the
Triton, was very nearly being cut off at the same island. On the
same island the Flying Fox, Capt. Brown, was wrecked and in 1852,
the whale ship Ontario, Capt. Slocum, was wrecked upon Pitt's Island.
At the present time, but very few foreigners are residing upon the
islands. There is but very little inducement for foreigners to settle
upon any of these islands. On Tarawa we found only two foreigners
except the Hawaiian Missionaries. These are engaged in collecting
cocoanut oil for Capt. Randell.
Social Standing of the People.—They are an exceedingly debased
and degraded portion of the human family. They wear but little
clothing. Both sexes, until twelve or fourteen years of age, are entirely destitute of clothing. Adults wear but a slight covering; the
males tie around their bodies a coarse mat, while females wear a girdle of fringed leaves a few inches wide. We can add our testimony
to the truthfulness of the following language of Dr. Gulick :
"They are pre-eminently indelicate and indecent, possessing very little, if any, of that relined gentility found on Ponapi. Many of their customs regarding the dead are abominably filthy and disgusting, such as preserving the bodies for days and weeks, and carefully daubing over themselves the froth or ooze from the mouth of the deceased. The wife
will frequently for weeks after the death of her husband continue to
sleep beside the corpse, under the same coverlid; and a mother will
sometimes carry the body of her infant about with her till it falls to
pieces, and then she will cleanse the bones and carry them. Indeed, it
is common to preserve the bones, particularly the skull, of the dead,
and carry them about, at times carefully anointing them with oil, and
even sharing food with them.
" Heathenism is here seen in some of its lowest and most disgusting
forms, though it may be said in alleviation that there is little of that
deliberate cruelty and none of that religious sacrifice of life found in
many of the groups of the Pacific. Their religious rites differ in no
material respects from those already described in connection with other
groups. Stones, the incarnations of deities, are found everywhere,
some of which are so noted as to be the recipients of gifts of food, and
to receive the prayers of certain priestly ones."
In their moral and social condition they are far, very far below
Hawaiian*. The natives of the Sandwich Islands are a civilized and
Christian people, compared with the Gilbert Islanders.
XI.
FAREWELL GLANCE AT THE GILBERT ISLANDERS.
are the breezes that wave the tall cocoa,
" O softsweet
are the odors that breathe on the gale;
And
Fair sparkles the wave as it breaks on the ooral.
Or wafts to the white beach the mariner's sail."
Before our eyes catch a glimpse of Ebon and our attention is arrested by the Marshall Islanders, let us take one more glance at the dwellers upon the low coral islands of the Gilbert Group. Poets may sing
of the charms of a tropic isle, where waves the tall cocoa, and the
waves break on the coral; the disciples of Rosseau may discourse upon the happy lot of the savage; but it requires only a passing glance to
dispel the poet's dreams and the skeptic's boasts. However much the
charms of nature may delight the eye and please the fancy, yet the
actual sight ot crowds of naked men, women and children, ignorant,
filthy, and degraded, is a most sad and heart-affecting spectacle. We
envy not the man who can extol the condition of the heathen, who are
living separate, destitute and apart from the blessings of Christianity,
and much less do we envy those who, from Chriwian lands, visiting
those degraded people, contribute to introduce among them the vices
and diseases of civilized society.
Some of the southern islands of the group have been very much
corrupted by the demoralizing influence of foreign intercourse. Not
so at Apaiang and Tarawa. But very few foreigners have ever lived
among the inhabitants of these two islands, or others in the immediate
vicinity. There is little, if anything, to tempt the trader among them,
except the traffic in cocoanut oil. It is important that the people
should have their desires awakened for something else besides tobacco,
in exchange for oil. This will be the result as the influence of the
mission extends. Already the happy change has commenced at those
centres where the missionary's influence is most felt. Let the tide
once commence setting in an opposite direction, and the most happy
results will speedily follow. We are not sure but it would work beneficially if some of the people could be induced to emigrate to other
islands of the Pacific ; the reflex influence would be good upon those
who remain at home. Guano laborers might be obtained, we think,
with but little difficulty. There are islands destitute of inhabitants
where the cocoanut oil trade is yet to be commenced; the Gilbert
Islanders are just the men to be employed as laborers, in the same manner Messrs. English & Co. employ the natives of the South Seas, at
Farming's Island.
It is no uncommon event for newly arrived Europeans and Americans at Honolulu, to lament the low standard of civilization on the
Hawaiian Islands, and prematurely pronounce the missionary enterprise a failure. We only wish such carpers, growlers and narrowminded observers could come among us, via the Gilbert Islands. On
those islands is to be witnessed pure heathenism, unameliorated and
unsoftened by Christianity. Compared with the Gilbert Islanders, Hawaiians are highly favored and elevated in their civil and social condition. On returning to the dominions of Kamehameha IVth, we feel
that we have once more taken up our abode in a well ordered and
settled civil, social, intelligent and religious community. If any of
our island readers are dissatisfied with their homes and blessings, we
advise them to risk the Gilbert Islanders. Having made such a visit,
we are confident every one will say, in the language of the Psalmist,
" The lines have fallen unto me in pleasant places; yea, I have a goodly
heritage." Another feeling too, we should hope would arise in their
minds, akin to that which led Messrs. Bingham, Mahoe. Kanoa and
Haina, with their wives, to take up their abode among that people and
spend their lives in teaching the ignorant, elevating the degraded, healing the sick, clothing the naked, preaching to all, and guiding inquiring
souls to the Lamb of God, who " taketh away the sins of the world."
XII.
FIRST
GLIMPSE OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
" Strange scenes, strange men."
A passage of two days from Apaiang, brought the Morning Star to
Ebon, Boston or CovelPs Island. This is the most southerly of the
Ralick chain. Before our vessel came to anchor, scores of the islanders were swurming our deck. At a glance we saw that a new people
dwelt upon this group; lively, active, talkative, prying, shrewd and
ready to take advantage, unless we were upon the look-out. The Rev.
Mr. Doane came off in a large boat paddled by the principal chiefs of
the island. We received such a welcome as none but the lonely
missionary can give to one who pays him an unexpected visit. Having
heard the island news and reported the general items of news respecting the outside world, we left the vessel for a few days' residence on
shore. Here we spent from Wednesday evening until the following
Monday. During that period our ears were occupied in listening to
narratives of interest respecting the people, our eyes were glancing
about at the " strange scenes, strange men," passing before us, and our
feet were wearied in rambling over the island and reefs. We felt, at
first, rather bewildered, for the contrast was great between the dull,
stolid, and indolent Polynesians inhabiting the Gilbert Islands, and
the Yankee, driving and go-a-head people of Ebon. Having adjusted
our mental reckoning, we began to digest and arrange the facts we had
gathered, and jot down the impressions which had been made upon our
mind. The mission upon Ebon has been most interesting from its
commencement. The very establishment of the mission is connected
with a series of most providential and unlooked for incidents.
XIII.
ORIGIN OF THE MISSION TO MARSHALL ISLANDS.
When the Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Pierson arrived in Honolulu, in 1856,
they made known their wish to obtain a passage to Ualan or Strong's
Island, one of the Caroline Group. The following statement made by
Dr. Pierson, we copy from the Missionary Herald of September, 1855.
"In conversation with a man a few days since,l happened to ask him
if he knew of any opportunity by which we could reach Strong's Island during the summer. He replied that there was a vessel in port,
engaged in sperm-whaling and procuring cocoanut oil; and as the
Kingsmill Group is the region for the oil, possibly he would cruise befor whales, and so touch at Strong's Island. Upon this suggestion,
went to see the captain, and asked him where he intended to cruise.
He replied, ' Among the Kingsmill Islands.' I inquired if he would
visit the Caroline Islands. He said, ■ No.' I told him that I wished
to find a vessel that would go to Strong's Island. He said that he was
not going into that region. He said that the best he could do would be
to take me to the Kingsmill Islands and leave roe there ; and probably
in a few months I should find a passage to Strong's Island.
rond
51
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 1861.
"He then turned and looked at me very closely, and asked, «In what
capacity do you go ?' I replied, 'As a missionary.' He looked at
me very seriously for a minute or more, without saying a word ; after
which he said, ' I have a mind to take you to Strong's Island; for I
love the missionary work. I want missionaries to be placed on every
island in the ocean ; and lam willing to do what I can for the cause.
Whalers have been a curse to these islands long enough; and lam
determined to do what 1 can for their good, so as to have righteousness
and justice established upon them.' After talking with him some
time, he said if we were disposed to take a passage with him, and
cruise along through the Kingsmill and Radick groups, stopping at some
ten or twelve or more of these islands, he would take us to Strong's
Island ; but it would be three or four months before we should arrive at
the end of our journey.
Handy has been visiting these islands regularly for about
" Captainyears
for cocoanut oil, has become well acquainted with
seventeen
many of the natives, and understands the languages to a certain extent.
Indeed, he had lived upon one of the islands for several months. He
is very desirous to have missionaries settle upon both these groups of
islands, especially upon the Radack and Ralick Chains. There are no
foreigners residing upon them ; and we might preoccupy the ground,
and so avoid many difficulties that come from wicked foreigners who
have gained influence before the arrival of missionaries. These chains
of islands are both under one king, and all speak one language. The
Radeck and Ralick Chains compose Marshall's Group of islands. They
lie near together, and contain at least fifteen thousand inhabitants. He
says this in one of most interesting places in the world for a mission."
After conferring with the Directors of the Hawaiian Missionary Society, Mr. Pierson was advised to engage a passage with Captain Handy. Continuing his narrative, he writes as follows
" Mr. Damon and myself called upon the captain immediately, but he
said that he could not do anything without first consulting his officep.
He took us on board, and summoned the mates and steward to the cabin,
and told them that there was ■ a great talk on shore, and some people
wanted to put missionaries on board for the islands.' The first mate
said, ' I for one am glad of it. We need a missionary among us ; and
I am willing to take them.' Another said, ' Whalers have done so
much evil to the people on these islands, that I will do anything I can
for their good. I like the plan ; and I want the missionaries to go with
us.' The other said that he was very much pleased with the proposition. And the steward said that nothing should be wanting on his part
to make us comfortable. Arrangements were then made for our passage. The captain said that he would give me his state-room ; and the
first mate said that he would give his to the native helper, who is to
go with us.
" The missionary brethren were so much interested in Captain Handy's views, in regard to a mission on Kingsmill and Radack's Islands,
that they invited him to meet them, and give them more definite information. To this he cheerfully assented, and brought his chart along,
and gave them a very full description of that part of the seas, the
state of society, the manners and customs of the people on the different
islands. All were very much interested in his account, and felt convinced that the time had come when these islands ought to be occupied
by missionaries. We are filled with joy that our blessed Lord and
Saviour hasprovided such a favorable opportunity for us to explore lands
that have never hitherto been visited by a missionary."
:
XIV.
REV. DR. PIERSON AND CAPT.HAHDY, PEACEMAKERS.
The cruise of the bark Belle, forms an important era in the bloody
history of the inhabitants of the Marshall Islands. The Belle sailed
from Honolulu, May 24th, 1866, having Dr. and Mrs. Pierson on board
as passengers. Nearly a year elapsed before any intelligence was received respecting the vessel. A brief sketch of Dr. Pierson's explorations, will be found in the Friend of June 12, 1866. From that sketch
we copy as follows : "After tearing the Kingsmill Islands, the Belie
cruised among the Mulgrave Islands. The islands have been explored
but little, upon some of them probably no white man ever landed.
Cant. Handy made arrangements for opening a trade with the people
which afforded our missionary party a* excellent opportunity for exploration. A royal party, consisting of Her Royal Highness the Princess Nemaira, her husband, and five attendants, took paasage on board
the Belle and cruised about for several days. The natives expressed
a strong desire to have missionaries located among them, and this King
promised his protection. Dr. Pierson is hoping ere long to return
;
52
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 18 6 1.
and commence a mission there." It was our privilege to meet
Nemsira, the Princess mentioned in the above extract. She is a niece
of Kaibuke, who is of so much importance among the Marshall
Islanders, and whose character we have elsewhere sketched.
During that cruise, Capt. Handy, who had obtained a tolerable acquaintance with the Ebon language, exerted his influence, in conjunction with that of Dr. Pierson, to persuade the chiefs to desist from
their bloody policy, which had hitherto governed them in their intercourse with foreigners. The chiefs promised Dr. Pierson and Capt.
Handy, that they would not cut off any more ships, or put any more
foreigners to death who might chance to be cast upon their shores. We
are most happy to report, that so far as we have been able to ascertain
the facts, the chiefs have scrupulously kept their word. This fact
should surely be set down to their credit, and serve to soften our judgment in regard to this people. In justification of their bloody policy
and excuse of this treatment, the chiefs set up the plea of the illtreatment which they had received from foreigners. Dr. Pierson, in
his report of the cruise of the Belle, remarks as follows:
There are no whites on these islands at present, and no white man
has" ever lived on any of them for any length of time. The natives
have generally shown a hostile spirit to foreigners. Several vessels
have been cut off, and a great number of foreigners killed at different
times. The reason given for this conduct is, that when the king
(Kaibuke) was a young man, a (whale) ship visited Ebon, and a native
stole something, which gave occasion for disturbance. A general attack was made by natives and many were killed, —among them Kaibuke's, oldest brother, and he (Kaibuke) received a wound in the arm
from a spade, which we saw. He declared that he would have revenge,
—that he would kill all the whites he could, and cut off a vessel if
possible. His order to this effect has never been revoked until recently."
See Missionary Herald, for March, 1858.
While we rejoice that the chiefs should have chosen to pursue a
different policy, and follow wiser counsels, who can withhold his admiration of the mild and peaceful mission of Dr. Pierson and Capt. Handy?
Would that all shipmasters, and especially all masters of whale ships,
had pursued a similar policy to that of Capt. Handy, towards both the
natives and missionaries. Now that Capt. H. has probably retired
from the toils, perils and anxieties of a sea-faring life, it must be to
him a source of unspeakable satisfaction, that during his last voyage
among the savages of the the Marshall Islands, he initiated a policy of
good will and kindness towards foreigners in the place of their former cold-blooded and murderous practices; and to Dr. Pierson, who
was compelled by the sickness of wife, to retire from his field of labor
among this people, it must be a source of the purest joy, that his labors
as the pioneer missionary, were not in vain, but that now a plentiful
harvest is being gathered Irom the gospel seed which was sown by his
hands.
In referring lo the efforts of Dr. Pierson and Capt. Handy, it would
be unbecoming, as well as unjust, not to acknowledge the influence and
mild persuasion of Mrs. Pierson. Her influence with Nemaira, the sister of Kaibuke, was very great. She formed an attachment for Mrs.
Pierson, which still remains, and no opportunity is lost to make inquiries for this missionary lady and first white female who ventured to
risk her life among the savages of the Marshall Islands. Her mission
was a noble one, and although ill-health compelled her early to retire
from active missionary labors among that people, she may in her home
among the people of California, cherish the gratifying reflection, that
having done what she could and all she could, her influence is still
felt in curbing the violent passions, and checking the savage ferocity
of men who had previously imbrued their hands in the blood of many
who had been unfortunately cast upon their shores. " Blessed are the
peacemakers."
XV.
FORMER INTERCOURSE OF FOREIGNERS WITH THE
MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
Some facte have already been published, and others are now being
discovered, •rhich show that the Marshall Islanders have imbrued their
hands in the blood »f many strangers and seamen, who have visited
their islands. We hope that a new era has dawned upon those be-
be driven by stress of weather, or other causes, to seek safety among
the people of the Marshall Islands.
The following list of murders and massacres, will suffice to show
that the time has come when an end should be put to such bloody
transactions.
In 1834, Capt. Dowsett, mysteriously disappeared
at
the Piscadores,
one of the most northerly islands of Ralick Chain.
We still hope
as the missionaries extend their work northward, that they will be able
to ascertain something more definite in regard to his fate. We express this opinion, because the islanders have hitherto been very cautious about speaking of formei transactions with foreigners. As one
and another joins the mission party, facts are being revealed in regard
to the past history of foreign intercourse.
In 1845, Capt. Cheyne, of the Naid, had trouble with the
dwellers upon Ebon, and one man was killed upon the spot, besides
the nephew of the highest chief of the Ralick Chain was wounded and
died soon after landing.
Dr. Gulick, in his lectures, refers to a whale ship that was nearly
cut off, at Namarik, (Baring's Island) about the same time, (1845),
and also two whale boat's crews came ashore and the crews were all
killed at Ebon.
During our visit to Ebon, we also heard the story of a boat's crew
which landed upon Ebon, some years since, who had plenty of money.
A servant woman in the employ of Mrs. Doane, tells this story When
she was a little girl, a boat came to Ebon with six men in it. They
had plenty of food in the boat but came for water. Three of the men
had on white shirts, and were large, good looking men, not sailors.
They had money in a Hingham box or bucket. They had small
knives in their pockets. They were all killed by the natives. Their
boat was destroyed. Their clothes were put out of the way. She
saw them lying together on the ground after they were killed. Their
bodies were subsequently put out of the way. The natives threw gold
pieces about, and of some they made fish hooks. From the age of this
woman and the particulars which she has stated, we are led to suppose
this boat may have belonged to the ill-fated brig William Neilson,
Capt. Weston, who was accompanied by Capt. Dominis and Commissioner Brown as passengers. It is by no means unreasonable to suppose that the brig may have struck upon some one of the innumerable
reefs of this part of the Pacific.
From the Friend of May 15, 1847, we copy the following para-
:
graphs :
"The Missing Brig Wm. Neilson.—This vessel left the port of Honolulu, August 5, 1846, for China, expecting to return as early as
Christmas. Fears have been for months entertainedrespecting her fate,
but conjecture has inspired the hope that she was not lost; perhaps, she
might be sold or otherwise detained. The 'Mary,' which left China,
March 2d, reports that up to that date no intelligeace had been received respecting her. We can with difficulty bring our mind to the
conclusion that all on board have perished and not one survives to
report the story of her disaster. There is the possibility, that like
the brig ' Express,' the * Wm. Neilson ' may have been wrecked on
that some of the numerous islands in that part of the broad Pacific.
It is reported however, that a succession of terrible gales and typhoons
was experienced in that region of the ocean during the months of September, October and November. Ex. U. S. Commissioner, Brown,
and Capt. Dominis, passengers, and Capt. Weston commanding the
brig, are removed from their families, which will not soon cease to
mourn the absent husband and father, while a wide circle of friends
and relations will deeply sympathize with the bereaved. No person in
our community was more generally esteemed for his many excellencies as a neighbor, friend and citizen, than Capt. Dominis, and his
family have met with an irreparable loss.
" During Mr. Brown's long residence at the islands, he gained many
friends, and his private character, we believe, to have been above reproach. There are many in this quarter of the world who will sympathize with his deeply afflicted family. There are many here, who
will also sympathize with the family of Capt. Weston. On a former
voyage Mrs. Weston accompanied hej husband to our shores, when he
commanded the ship Congaree. In addition to the above mentioned individuals, it becomes our duty to record the names of others belonging
to the ship's company, viz : Mr. George Brown, Junior, passenger ; Mr.
Charles Green, a passenger, belonging to Barnstable, Mass. He came
to the islands as Capt. Dominis' Ist officer, on board the schooner
Swallow. One Chinaman and five Lascar sailors were also passen-
nighted islanders. If the mission established upon Ebon has done gers.
no other good, we trust that it has effectually stayed the effusion of
"Belonging to the crew of the brig, were the following : Ist officer,
blood and the cruel murder of any unfortunate mariners who might Mr. Harnmet, Martha's Vinyard; 2d officer, Mr. Benson, Baltimore,
Md. Seamen, Seth I'. Peterson and Amherst Peterson, brothers, belonging to Marshfield, Massachusetts. David Mann and Walter Tybu,
both belonging to Hanover, Mass. The names of cook and steward,
we are unable to learn. Two seamen, John Pitts and J. Gilbert, were
discharged sick at this port, just before the suiling of the vessel.
" The vessel, we are informed, was insured, as» well as the whole, or
a part of the cargo, $22,000 in specie."
In October, 1852, the schooner Glencoe of San Francisco, was
burntand crew murdered by the inabitants of Ebon. In this affair the
chiefs took no part, for they were absent from the island. The Gleneve anchored near the anchorage ground where the Morning Star
lay in safety during our visit, and where we enjoyed the most friendly
intercourse with the people.
A short time after the bloody affair of the Glencoe, it is reported
that a brig touched at Ebon, and active preparations were made by the
chiefs and people to take the vessel and murder all hands. Just as the
vessel was about to drop her anchor, the wind veered and the master of
the brig- concluded it unsafe to anchor. Thus the vessel escaped, in a
manner most providential. The vessel- would have anchored where
the Morning Star lay, while we remained at Ebon.
In December, 1852, (two months after the sad affair of the Glencoe,)
the Sea Nymph, of San Francisco, Capt. McKensie, was cut off at
Jaluit or Bonham's Island. The only survivor of Capt. McKensie's
crew, was brought to Honolulu about three years ago. The hull of the
vessel is now to be seen in the spot where she was burnt and sunk by
the natives. Dr. Gulick reports the Sea Nymph as belonging to San
Francisco, bat unless we are much mistaken, she was under the British
flag.
During our visit to Ebon, we also heard of a large ship which went
on shore at Bikini, one of the most northern islands of the Ralick
Chain. Report says that the ship's company embarked in their boats,
but left plenty of articles on the ship, and among other things left behind, wasa black New Foundland dog, which the natives rescued, and
which is now reputed to be among the islanders. We could not ascertain the name of the ship, or the year when the wreck occurred. We
hope yet to learn additional particulars in regard to this wreck.
It seems somewhat remarkable that the foregoing facts have not attracted the attention of either the British or American naval commanding officers upon the Pacific Station. From facts which came
under our notice while at Ebon, we are confident that the chiefs are
fearful that even yet they may be called to account for some one of the
many bloody deeds which have been perpetrated within their dominions." The retributive punishment, which a man-of-war might inflict,
conveys a terror to their minds. A man-of-war they have never seen,
but the name is familiar to their ears. It may seem strange, but it
is nevertheless true, there are many islands, even groups of islands, in
the Pacific, as yet unvisited by either an English or American vessel
of war. We do not plead for the visit of vessels-of-war to the
Marshall Islands, for the protection of the missionaries, or because we
have lost our faith in missions, but for the protection of commerce
and the lives of wrecked mariners. We believe the time has come
when it would be feasible to form a treaty with those people. The
chiefs, through the interpretation of the missionaries, could be made
to understand the nature of treaty-stipulations. Should a vessel of
war visit those islanders, they could be made to understand that,
should further massacres and murders occur, they would be held responsible. We can readily see that such a visit might be productive
of incalculable good. A judicious commander ought however to be
selected for the purpose, otherwise more evil than good would be the
the result.
We are not ignorant of the fact that an American vessel of war, the
schooner Dolphin, Lieut. Percival, once visited Mili, or Mulgrave Island,
which is the most southern of the Radack Chain. The occasion of
that visit (1825) was for the purpose of rescuing a portion of the crew
of the American whaleship Globe, on board of which a mutiny had
occurred. The Morning Star has visited that island, and the spot was
pointed out where the Globe anchored. The mutineers were killed by
the natives in consequence of their cruel treatment of the females.
The Dolphin was upon her return passage from the Mulgraves, when
she touched at Honolulu*£nd those disgraceful scenes occurred, which
gave Lieut Percival an unenviable notoriety, and prevented him from
obtaining the command of another vessel for nearly twenty years. He
still lives, and in his old age doubtless regrets the mad freaks of his
1861*
53
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER,
but in most instances, there may have been injury and insult
inflicted upon the islanders, before they were led to lift the murderous
knife. Let " by-gones be by-gones," but for the future let there be a
fair and full understanding that if new murders are committed, the
perpetrators will be held to a strict account. Such a policy would exert a most beneficial and salutary influence. The chiefs are now
haughty and overbearing, and voyaging about in their big war canoes or proas, imagine that they are above law, and hence are lawless.
The missionary may teach the people the gospel and thereby accomplish incalculable good, but he cannot do every thing. The following
facts however, will show that he can work with spiritual weapons
when threatened with carnal. On a certain occasion, a haughty and
overbearing chief, told the missionary that it was Ebon fashion,"
when foreigners conducted in a manner not to please the chiefs, that
they put them out of the way, or in other words, acted upon the principle, that " dead men could tell no tales." This was Ebon fashion.
Now the missionary wished to show this proud and lawless chief, what
was the Christian fashion of treating one's enemies ; so he conducted
the chief into his study, and knelt down and prayed for him and his
people. For writes the apostle Paul, " the weapons of our warfare,
are not carnal, but mighty through God to the pulling down of stony
holds." We have more faith in the prayers and teachings of the missionary,to christianize and civilize the rude and savage Marshall Islanders, than in commerce or warships. Let the missionary and school
teacher go among them with a translation of Webster's spelling book,
and the New Testament, and the most happy results may be looked
for; children taught to sing
not sure
"
"There is a happy land."
we do not believe will grow up to become murderers and pirates.
XVI.
KAIBUKE.
This is the name of one of the most remarkable personages we met
He is sometimes spoken of as the King, but that is however
far from being true. He is not even so high a chief as some others, or
even his elder brother. On one occasion both he and his brother visitted Mr. Doane, and we saw Kaibuke, take a seat on the opposite side of
the room, thus paying marked deference to that elder brother. He is
nevertheless an important character among his people, and upon his
word depends the life or death of the people. We could not learn, as
there was really any person who could be officially denominated as His
Majesty, or His Imperial Majesty, or the President. The government
of the islands is in the hands of a body of haughty, imperious and unscrupulous chiefs, whose caprices and whims are the laws of their dominions. Among these chiefs, Kaibuke has gained an ascendancy and
influence, in consequence of his energy, tact, impudence and adroitness. He is a complete politician, placed in a position to carry his
measures by force, if they cannot be promoted by mildness. He is exceedingly jealous of the teaching of the missionaries, yet has always
maintained a friendly intercourse with them. This must be said to his
credit, that he has always kept his word that he originally made to Dr.
Pierson, that he would protect the mission. He took Dr. Pierson for
" his son," and Mr. Doane, his friend," which is an expressive method
of speaking in the language" of Ebon. It isalso in his favor, that when
the Morning Star first entered the lagoon of Ebon, in 1857, he, aided by
another high chief, prevented her being run ashore and pillaged, as no
doubt some of the chiefs and many of the natives intended should have
been her fate.
Kaibuke occupies the position of Prime Minister or Secretary of
State, although such terms are foreign to the Ebon dialect He was at
church the Sabbath morning we spent at Ebon. The question was
asked him in the presence of the audience if he would protect additional missionaries, if they were sent to Ebon. He gave us his word
that he would.
We could relate many stories which were told respecting his duplicity, cruelty and lack of trust worthiness, but we prefer to allow our
readers to remain in ignorance of the dark side of his character. Kaibuke is no doubt more or less implicated in some of those deeds of
blood which have been perpetrated upon the Marshall Islands. We
hope however better mings for him in time to come. Those who, have
gone thither as teachers have not failed to point out to him the better
youth.
way, or that the eye of Jehovah is continually upen him, and that he will
We should seriously deprecate the consequences if a vessel of war be held responsible by the King of kings.
Kaibuke, takes his name from that ofa ship, in the language of New
should be sent to call the islanders to account for the past, for we are
at Ebon.
54
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER,IB6I.
Zealand. Several years ago a ship from the "south seas" visited the
islands. The ship was called Kaibuke, so he took that name. Another
chief took the name of Capt. Terry, from the name of the commander
of the vessel.
We visited Kaibuke's residence, and found him surrounded by his
wives, (of whom he has four,) and his eleven children, most of whom
could not be said to be encumbered with a superabundance of clothing.
He is a man apparently about fifty-five years of age, with a countenance indicative of enerpy and good nature, although not of nobleness and magnanimity. We account him however a remarkable man,
and if not too old to learn, we hope to hear better reports of him hereafter.
The following incidents may serve to illustrate the character of this
Ebonite politician and Prime Minister. On our first interview, a
surprising intimacy and familiarity was manifest on his part. Mr.
Doane introduced us as " the mikinan at Oahu, to foreigners and
seamen." Kaibuke replied, "Mikinari Oahu, Mikinari very good."
His eye caught our black coat. He took hold of the sleeve saying,
"Me like very good." Remembering the precept that "He that hath
two coats, let him impart to him that hath none," we gave to it a
Various were the interviews which we
literal interpretation.
had with this Ebon official. Sometimes we conversed upon matters grave and solemn, and at others we carried on trade in a small
way, i.e. exchanging fish hooks and jack knives for the curiosities of
the country. At the interview alluded to above, when we called at his
residence, it so happened that after a long walk, we were exceedingly
thirsty, hence we asked for a little water. He said, " will you not
have acocoanut." We assented, of course. One of his attendants
was immediately sent off and up one of those gracefully waving trees
adorning the coral islands of Micronesia. Soon the cocoanuts were
brought, one for each of us present. We passed ours to His Excellency,
but he declined. When we all had quenched our thirst, Kaibuke very
politely intimated that a fish-hook apiece would be acceptable for the
nuts.
We (including our two companions) paid His Excellency,
Kuibuke, three fish hooks for three cocoanuts, and took our departure.
We only mention this fact as an illustration of Kaibuke's remarkable character ! If hereafter, in the progress of learning, he
should ever acquire a knowledge of the English language, and these
remarks upon his character should fall under his eye, he may be
assured that the mikinari of Oahu " has followed Othello's parting
injunction, "
" And naught set down in malice."
XVII.
ORIGIN OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDERS.
Much has been said and written about the origin of various inhabiscattered over the islands of Polynesia. Whatever theory may
be formed respecting Hawaiians, Tahitians, Samoans, or Kingsmill
Islanders, we are confident but one opinion can be true respecting the
Marshall Islanders. They are unmistakably of Japanese extraction.
We know that in making the assertion, we are at variance with the
opinions of some ethnological writers. Whoever saw the Japanese
embassy visiting the United States in 1860, and the Marshall Islanders, would say that they were sprung from the same original stock.
Their features and physical organization are most strikingly similar.
We could not discover one Polynesian trait, feature or habit among
them. Like the Japanese and Chinese, they are remarkably industrious. They are constantly at work, whether upon the land or sea.
have a saying " Ebon people never tire." This trait is most
strikingly in contrast with all the Polynesian tribes, so proverbially indolent.
The Japanese Princes are accustomed to traverse the empire, with
large retinues, and thousands of retainers; the Marshall Islanders perform similar journeys upon the sea. Every year the chiefs of the
Marshall Islands make long voyages, from island to island of the
group. We were so fortunate as to meet the entire company of
the chiefs of the Ralick Chain of islands, at Ebon. They were
about fitting off for a summer cruise to the north. Their large
war canoes were hauled upon the sand beach. On the day of our
arrival, there had been a race of canoes across the lagoon. We
were informed that thirty large proas or war canoes, would form
the expedition north, manned by five hundred followers of these chiefs,
who voyage in royal st»tt>. These proas are propelled by a large
tants
triangular sail, which is so hung upon the mast that it will propel the
proa either way. Their arrangements for a rudder, is a paddle fastened by a rope, and which can readily be changed from one end of the
proa to the other. They never propel these proas by paddles, but trust altogether to the winds.
In subsequent investigations, it will be interesting to ascertain if there
are not strong affinities between the Japanese and Ebon languages.
We arc not prepared to hazard even an opinion upon this subject, but
still the thought has arisen in our mind, from reading the Rev. Mr.
Doane's remarks upon The Ebon and Ponapi Dialects Compared,"
published in the Friend of Feb. 1860, that when a similar comparison
shall embrace the Japanese language, that will be found to be the basis of both the Ebon and Ponapian dialects. There is no surer method of tracing the migration of nations and tribes over the continents,
islands and oceans of our globe, than by ferreting out the roots and
radicals of their languages. In glancing an eye upon a good map of
the Pacific, it will appear that the Marshall and Caroline Islands are
separated from the Japanese Islands by a breadth of ocean which
might be passed over by junks drifting away from land. In looking
at the present condition, customs and habits of the Marshall Islanders,
we see no great disimilarity between them and the Japanese, which
might not have arisen from their isolated and insular position.
In further confirmation of opinion that the Marshall Islanders are an
off-shoot of the Japanese, we would refer to their religious opinions.
They do not worship idols, but hold their ancestors in great veneration.
They have their consecrated groves and sacred spots. Superstitious
or religious ideas do not appear to have had a very strong hold upon
their minds. Mr. Doane remarked to us, that they were almost atheists.
Who does not rejoice that they now are to have made known to them a
knowledge of the one only true God ?
"
XVIII.
CHEERING PROSPECTS OF
THE
EBON MISSION.
From our knowledge of the Marshall Islanders, knowing them to
have been extremely hostile to foreigners, as much so as the Japanese,
and in all respects so unlike Polynesians generally, we were not prepared to witness much encouragement to prosecute the mission. This
mission was first established by Messrs. Donne and Pierson, in 1857,
There have never been but two mission-families at the same time upon
the island. Dr. Pierson left on account of his wife's sickness, at the
end of his second year's labor. Dr. Gulick and family remained there
but one year, and at present the Rev. Mr. Doane and Mr. Aea, the
Hawaiian Missionary, are occupying the field.
The gospel has made a decided impression upon the people. Preaching is regularly maintained at the station, and upon an islet on the
opposite side of the lagoon, to which station Mr. Doane goes every
Sabbath afternoon. Mr. Aea teaches a station school and visits two
islets for teaching schools, once a week. His services are invaluable.
He has now been upon the island only nine months, yet he speaks the
language with fluency, and is daily perfecting himself in speaking and
writing. He began to address the people when he had been there but
three months. We visited his school. When calling the roll of eighty
pupils, forty-three answered to their names. We heard them read, saw
them write, and witnessed their ability in ciphering. Their progress was really commendable, considering that not yet four
years have elapsed since the missionaries began to reduce the language to a written form. It must be borne in mind, that there are no
reading or school books in the Ebon dialect, but what have been prepared and even printed by them, upon a little miserable hand press,
that would not be worth in New York five dollars. Mr. Doane and
Aea work at type-setting and the- press, never having been iniatiated
into the mysteries of a printing office before going to Ebon. They
have printed at this station an elementary book for children learning
to read, a few of the first chapters of Matthew, and a small collection of
hymns. Some of these were written by Dr. and Mrs. Pierson, who
are now in California. With these few meagre^helps, these missionaries
are rapidly teaching the children and adults of Ebon and the neighthey mingle scripboring islands to read. In all their
tural truth in every variety of form. It was exceedingly surprising to witness the readiness with which the pupils in the day and
Sabbath schools.answered the questions addressed to them. There was
a sprightliness, activity, aptness and quickness of perception which
gave the pleasing evidence that the youth of Ebon would not fall behind the youth of other and more favored lands, if they could only
THE FRIEND, .SEPTEMBER, 1861*
enjoy similar advantages. The missionaries have certainly secured a
hold upon the rising generation which promises a rich harvest in future
years.
55
XFX.
AN AMERICAN MISSIONARY WITH HIS COAT OFF, AND
AN HAWAIIAN MISSIONARY WITH HIS SLEEVES
ROLLED UP.
Not only have the youth of Ebon afforded gratifying evidence of
becoming good scholars, but several have already become, in the exWe witnessed a scene on one of the islets encircling the lagoon of
pressive language of the islanders, " lovers of Jesus." Christians are Ebon, which would have gratified the friends of education and missions.
styled lovers of Jesus." We met some of these young people, and After the Sabbath morning services at the Mission Station, it was our
surely it" afforded a joy which words cannot express, to witness their privilege to accompany Messrs. Doane and Aea to their out-station
meek and gentle demeanor, and hear Mr. Doane speak of their humble, on the opposite side of the
lagoon. We were just one hour crossing
and consistent walk. One of these may be said to have met a martyr's the lagoon. On approaching the shore, Mr. Doane skilfully piloted
death, for he was cruelly put to death by a company of revengeful our boat through a narrow opening in the reef, scarcely wide enough to
chiefs, urged onward by hatred and passion, and the lying tongue of allow the boat to pass. We entered the smooth waters within the
a base woman.
We were assured that hatred of the young man's barrier reef, and skimming along over beds of coral, of every shape, vaChristian principles had no small influence in hastening forward his riety and color, saw the fish darting in and out from under the rocky
death. May the blood of the martyr prove the seed of the church, branching marine forest.
in this, as it has in numerous other instances.
As we landed, a group of bright-eyed and laughing children gave us a
This leads us to remark that, while the truth is manifestly and cordial welcome. We proceeded immediately to the meeting or school
rapidly making progress upon Ebon, among the common people, there house, where an audience of over one hundred soon gathered. The feare those who are decidedly opposed to the movement. Many of the males were all modestly attired, their hair neatly combed and parted,
high chiefs, although apparently upon good terms with the mission- and many wore chaplets of fresh flowers. The house was filled, even
aries, are at heart inimical to the preaching of the gospel. These overflowing, and as closely packed as the hold of a slaver. The Rev.
He introduced the strangers,
persons tolerate the mission, because, indirectly, it brings ships and Mr. Doane conducted the services.
trade to their islands; beyond this, they are exceedingly suspicious of who made short addresses. Then followed the school exercise. The
the work which has commenced among their hitherto secluded islands. whole audience, old and young, arranged themselves into groups of
There are two opposing parties, and the present indications are, that about eight or ten. Mr. Doane, Aea, and a few young men, or rather
ere long there will be a mighty struggle for the supremacy. It would boys, who could read, sat down upon the mats to teach these ignorant
be no surprising thing if the mission should be violently opposed by a islanders the rudiments of their language. Truly the scene was one
powerful body of the chiefs, who look with a jealous eye upon the to be remembered by those of us to whom such scenes were new.
fact that their subjects are learning to read and acquire knowledge. Mr. Doane took of his coat, and Aea rolled up his sleeves. They enThese chiefs are keen and shrewd men, and foresee that with the in- gaged in the work with an energy and zeal, earnestness and cheerfulcrease of knowledge among the commoners, will arise a party to oppose ness, that imparted life and animation to the school, which banished
the old and cruel practices of the rulers of the land. Only upon a everything like drowsiness or inattention. Every eye and ear was
much smaller scale, the same elements are at work among the inhabi- alive. We never saw more hearty study or more promising pupils.
tants of the Marshall Islands, which were at work among the Romans The sounds of
be, bo, bu,
and other ancient nations in the early ages of Christianity, when the
" b»,
am, om, im, urn, em,"
Apostles went forth in obedience to the Saviour's command, to make
disciples of all nations. If this mission goes forward as it has been thus are still ringing in our ears. The voices of the Ebonites are by no
auspiciously commenced, we may confidently look for great and glo- means harsh or unpleasant. Mr. Doane has arranged some of the
rious results. A good beginning has been made. A foothold has been elementary exercises, in such a manner that they form a simple chant,
secured. Gospel seed has been sown. It is already springing up. rendering the lessons very easy of remembrance. The interesting
"Say not ye, there are four months, and then cometh harvest? Behold, school was opened by singing " There is a Happy Land," and closed
I say unto you, lift up your eyes, and look on the fields, for they are by a hymn, in the Ebon language.
white already to harvest."—John iv:3s.
[TO BE CONTINUED.]
ADVERTISEMENTS.
H. STANGENWALD, M.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
I).,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Let* New York City Dispensary Physician, member of the
Medico Chirurgtcal College and of the Pathological Society
of New York.
OMcc At Dr. Judd'sDrug Store, on Fort Street. Residence in
Nuaami Valley, opposite tliat of K. 0. Hall, Bag. '.Mo-ly
,
CHAB. F. GIJILLOU, M. D
Lets Surgeon United States Navy, late Consular Physician to
American seamen and general practitioner.
Ofloe, corner Kaahumanu and Merchant streets, and residence
at Dr. Wood's Mansion, Hotel street.
Medical and Surgical advice in English, trench, Spanish, and
a
t
.
;
Pliotoffrdphic
fHurs
from n....t0 2 r.
reelileno..
THE
at other hours inquire at
KING'S
X-tf
,
Gallery
UNDERSIGNED WISHES TO INthe public, that
AjqaocrPM,
MELAINOTYPEB,
LSATHIR,
LOCKET and
RING PICTURES.
JOS. W. KINO, Artist,
Next to the Post Otke, up .lairs
-.
.VM-ly
C. BREWVER A CO.,
Commission and shipping Merchant*, Honolulu, Oahu, 11. I,
RKKKRTO
JmisIICHKtWELI., Esq., I
u«-,™
BoMon
' "
Charlxs B.swae, EkJ.,
MxstiaK. Mcßuaa ft JlxxxlLL, I
»™noia»o
twaawsou.
CHA*.WoLCOTT BKOOIS, Esq., f
Iloogkoog.
Misses. Wx. Puhtao a Co.,
Mxssas. Pans, llcaasLL A Co.,
Manila.
ln»-tf
,
C. H. WETMORE, M. D.
CONSULAR PHYSICIAN dr SURGEON.
To sick American Seamen,and general practitioner,
having an entire new stock and
forni
arrangements by which he will be In receipt ofany new stylos
of picture* which may be taken either at San granotaoo or New
Yoik, wDI be able to meet orders from thisKate In thelatest
styles, and at aitremely low prices. Alsoassures his friendsand
patron* that he will either fully satisfy them in their picture,
or no pay.
The present stock on hand having been selected by Mr. W. t.
Hoeiaod, at nan frencisco. all may rest assured it i* of the
and latest fashion.
OB A PBS,
Ety
J. H. COLE,
AUCTIONBBn
(strocxesoa to a. r. bvkrctt.)
At hi* late rooms, Queen Street.
HILO, HAWAII, S. I.
N. B.—Medicine Chest* carefully replenished at the
e-tf
HILO
DRUG STORE.
S. P. FORD, H. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office Kaahnmanu street, near Queen.
DR. J. MOTT KMITH,
orncE,
DENTIST.
port and hotel, streets,
corner or
HONOLULU, H. I.
E. HOFFMANN,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Office in the New Drug Stare, corner of Kaahnmanu and Queen streets, Makee It Anthon'a Mock.
Open day and night
I
ADVERTISEMENTS.
\ 11. I. A A BE R
RILL,
spcosaaou to
George W. Macy,
X AWAITTAK. HAWAII,
Will continue the General Merchandise and Shipping bailors.
at the above |n>rt, where they are prepared to furniih the
justly celebrated Kawaihae Potatoes, and such other recruits as are required by whale ships at the shortest notice,
and on the most reasonable terms.
310-om
t. c. uaaaiLL
O. 0. x'acsa.
McRITER St MERRILL,
Merchants
(ommission
AMP
AUCTIONEERS,
AOENTS OF THE
Regular Dispatch Line of Honolulu Packets.
O* All freight arriving In transitu for the Sandwich Islands,
will be received and forwarded by the Regular Dispatch Line'
or cokkissiiix.
Particular attention paid to forwarding and transhipment of
merchandise,sale of whaleman's bill*, and other exchange, Insurance ofmerchandlac and specie under open policies sappy
log whaleshlps, chartering ship*, etc.
"
raaj.
117 and 119 California street,
Captain B. F. Blow,
anna to:
Mem. C. B.awsa *> Co.,
A. I'. Ivxarrr, Esq.,
B. Pirxix, Rao...
110 tf
\
I
j
.booh*.
m,
™"
•T. WOftTH,
in business at Hilo,
Hawaii, ig prepared to furnish ship* vita
tits, on favorable Una forCaen, Good* or Bill*
SAVING
ettghlighgdhuaaalf
THE FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, 1861.
56
For the Friend.
lxiii: 1.
He has told us
Mighty to Save.—Isaiah
Jesus is mighty to save.
all power in heaven and earth has been given
Hrm, And He has said, when He gives to
any man eternal life none can pluck them
out of his hands. Yes, we who believe
know Jesus is mighty to save. For some of
us once felt there was no power in heaven
or earth that could save us. But we found
Jesus could. And therefore we say to you,
kind reader, Jesus is mighty to save. He
can save the bitterest and most persecuting
foe of His. He saved Paul of Tarsus. He
can save those living in awful sins, such as
man-stealing. He saved John Newton. He
can save those whose lips only know to curse
and swear. He saved John Bunyan—who
says of himself, from a child he had few
equals for cursing and swearing, lying and
blaspheming the holy name of God.
Yes, He can save the vilest of sinners, for
it is a faithful saying, and worthy of all
acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into
the world to save sinners. He came to save.
That was His mission. And if He came for
this purpose, we may well suppose there is
no one so sinful He cannot save.
Perhaps you, dear reader, may feel you
are too great a sinner for Christ to save.
Ah no! only once put your soul in His
hands—only once come to Him and ask
Him—only once honestly say lo Him you
are a great sinner, and want to love Him
and live with Him in heaven, and He will
give you life, will save you. He is mighty
to save. Just say you will love Him, serve
and obey Him all lifelong, and He will—
you have His word for it, and God's word
for it, and the teachings of all holy men for
it—save you. Come with the cry—Lord
save or I perish; come with the plea—Lord
have mercy on me, and He will save you;
come with the truthful heart—
" Juit ai I am, without one plea,
But that thy blood was shed for me.
And that thou bid'at me to come to thee,
0 Lamb of God, I oome,"
and you are His and He is yours, and no
power in heaven or earth or hell can harm
or destroy you. He will save you—He is
mighty to save, mighty to save.
E. T. D.
Ebon, Marshall Islands,
June, 1861.
A Sailor's Kind Reproof.—Solomon
says, " A word fitly spoken is like apples of
gold in pictures of silver;" and again, " A
word in due season, how good it is !" The
following incident in the life of a distinguished Baptist minister of Scotland, will
show that a sailor may sometimes utter a
word, the results of which will affect millions of immortal souls :
A Word in Season.—James A. Haldane,
who recently died in Edinburgh, in his early
life commanded the man-of-war Melville
Castle. When engaged in an action, he
ordered up a fresh set of his hands to take
the place of those who had been killed by
the broadside of the enemy. The men
seeing the mangled bodies of their comrades, instinctively drew back, at which
he poured forth a volley of oaths, and
wished them all in hell. A religious seaman shortly after said to him respectfully
and seriously, " If Godhad heard your prayer
just now, where should we have been ?" His
words were winged by Him who never
smites in vain, and from that day the captain
became a changed man. He lived to preach
His brother
the Gospel fifty-four years.
Robert, now known as an able, learned and
pious commentator, was early converted
under his preaching. Robert went to Geneva, and while there a number of young men
were converted under his labors, among
whom were Frederic Monod, now one of the
pillars of the Evangelical Church in France,
Felix NefT, the devoted young pastor of the
high Alps, and Merle D'Aubigne, the historian of the Reformation. Who can gather
up the results of that single conversion on
board the Melville Castle, brought about
through a single sentence addressed by a
sailor to his profane commander ?
Times.—The Right
of
Rev. Bishop Potter,
Pennsylvania, has
to be distribfollowing
prayer
caused the
uted among the clergy orhis diocese, to
be used at their discretion in their public
services on the Sabbath :—
O Almighty God, who art a strong
tower of defence to those who put their
trust in Thee, whose power no creature is
able to resist, we make our humble cry to
Thee in this hour of our country's need.
Thy property is always to have mercy.
Deal not with us according to our sins,
neither reward us according to our iniquities ; but stretch forth the right hand of
Thy majesty, and be our defence for Thy
name's sake. Have pity upon our brethren
who are in arms against the constituted
authorities of the land, and show them
the error of their way. Shed upon the
counsels of our rulers the spirit of wisdom,
and moderation, and firmness, and unite
the hearts of our people as the heart of one
man in upholding the supremacy of law,
and the cause of justice and peace. Abate
the violence of passion; banish pride and
prejudice from every heart, and incline us
all to trust in thy righteous Providence,
and to be ready for every duty. And oh,
that in thy great mercy, thou wouldst
hasten the return of unity and concord to
our borders, and so order all things that
peace and happiness, truth and justice, religion and piety, may be established
among us lor all generations. These
things, and whatever else Thou shalt see
to be necessary and convenient for us, we
humbly beg through the merits and mediation of Jesus Christ our Lord and Sa-
A
Prayer for the
viour. Amen.
God Every where.—The theology and
the piety of agricultural and mechanic arts
and pursuits are palpable. God is in history
and jn science—in all our inventions and
dscioveries. They are all according to his
laws—have been developed by his laws—
and proofs conclusive that He is their author.
Every good gift, and every perfect gift comes
from above, from the Father of lights.
MARINE JOURNAL.
PORT OF HONOLULU, S. I.
ARRIVALS.
Sept. 2—Am hark Yankee,Commodore Paty, 11j days fromBan
Francisco.
4—Am hark Zne, Lawton, from the Arctic, with 3000 its
bone, 6000 Iba ivory, and 76 brls wh oil.
■:> II I. M. corvette Oalathee, 28 guns, Capltainedu
Cornnlicr-Lueinlere, 16 days from Tahiti.
s—Am steamer Santa Cms, Bennett, 11 days from San
Francisco.
11 -Haw. sen Maria, R Brown, from sea.
12—Am clipper ahip Kadnga, Burdit*, 134 days from
Boa ton.
DEPARTURES.
Sept. 9— Am hark Comet, Smith, forBan Francisco.
10—Am steamer Santa Crux. Bennett, for Japan and
China.
MEMORANDA.
Xf Am. steamer Santa Cruz, Bennett, rc)>orts—Left San
Francisco Aug. 25. On the 27th, the steward, named B. F.
Parker, jumped overboard and was drowned. The vessel was
Immediately hove to, a boat lowtred, and every exertionmade to
save him, hut he disappeared before the boat could reach him.
He was supposed to have been insane. Experienced light,
baffling winds the entire passage.
fiCT Am. ship Riduga, Burditt—Left Boston May lat; was
65 days to Staten Land ; thence to 50° S. was 26 days, during
which experienced very severo weather, continual gales from
W.N.W. to W.3.W. After that, had light, variable winds the
remainder of the passage. Saw several vessels off the Horn,
but did not learn any of their names or where bound. Arrived
at Honolulu Sept. 12, all well,after a passage of 184 days.
PASSENGERS.
From San Franciuco—per Yankee, Sept. 2—Mrs Newberry,
Misses X and C Newberry, Mr anil Mra Waterhnuse, Mrs
Sequent and child. Miaa Emmea. Jqo Yates, wifeand 3 children,
P C Waterman, J C Spalding Capt T Cummins, Capt C Cook,
Mrs Mailand 2 children, Daniel Burns, Jno Madden, Wm Lore,
Lieut F C Kruger, W II Kruger, A 8 Qrinbaum, II Raymond,
Richard Nortlirop, S 11 Lichtenstein, John Smith, GeorgeGrey,
Wm Basch, John Barker, and 2 Chinamen—3s.
For Sin Francisco—per Comet, Sept. 9—Mrs 0 P Judd,
Miss 8 A Judd, Allan Judd, Misses Carrie A Hall, Mlsi Cornelia Hall, Mrs Macfarlane and 4 children, Mra L L Richards
and 3 children, Wm White, C II Dair, Miaa R Daly, D & Vida,
F L Hanks, t Ashmead, Mr Hague, Wm Hogsn, W H Johnson,
I. Miller, N L Weldy, A X Stevens, JamesCooke, Chaa Taylor,
Mr Hunter, Mr Murphy, Mr George—32.
From San Francisco —per Sanu Crue, Sept. 6—For Honolulu : CII bunt. For <:hma t H M Shearer, MiaaDerooihire,
Mr Stevenson, CharlesSmith.
From Boston—per Raduga, Sept. 12—Mrs Burditt (Captain's
wife) and child, Henry W Saunders.
MARRIED.
DlMOUD—Witmhocse—In Honolulu, at the fort Street
Church, Thursday erening, Sept. 13, by Rot. IS. Corwin, Mr.
William Henry Dtmond to Mm Elton D. WaterhouM, both of
Honolulu.
Caanorow—Kaorrmwi—In Honolulu, Ang. 31, by Rer. S.
C.Damon, Changfow, a Chinaman, to Keopuhiwm, a Hawuian.
DIED.
Il—ln Honolulu, Sept. 12, Martha, wife of the Hon. Job* li,
of consumption, aged 19 years.
Clotoh—ld Honolulu, **pt. 2. Mr. John Hough, aged 20,
beloogiDg to Newburgh, N. Y. He was mate cat the Morning
Star m 1890, hut came from the United States an officer on
board the wbaleship ThomasDickason.
Hi»«moTii»—At Y. S. Hospital, Honolulu, Sept. 6. John
Harrington, belonging to Cairo, Oreene County, N- V., where
hiaparents now reside. He died in consequence of a severe
injury received from the blow of a whale, on the 10th of July,
while attached to the whaJeshlp Oeneral Pike. He was diacharged upon the Consulate August 12.
THE FRIEND:
A MONTHLY JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, SEAMEN, MARINE AND
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE,
PUBLISHED AND EDITED BY
SAMUEL €. DAMON.
TERMS:
Oa« copy, per annum,
Twoeopiai,
Fiveoopiea,
...
•••-..
"
|2.0$
8.00
MO