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Volume 47.
HONOLULU, H. 1.,
JULY,
1889.
51
The Friend.
Number 7.
and deficiencies in the management had
to be corrected from time to time. In
the care of the lepers, and in the improvement of their condition the Government has always been active, and
very solicitous. The lepers themselves
were more or less influential people,
and never had any difficulty in making
their complaints heard and attended to.
Mr. Ballantyne represents the settlement as abandoned to disorder and
neglect nntil Father Damien's arrival in
1874 secured amelioration. The N. V,
Tribune enlarging upon this, says:"The
brutal indifference of the Hawaiian Government had thrust these poor creatures
away upon a barren peninsula." "Daddressof the Retiring President, etc
62 and cover
excessive estimates of Father Damien's mien found them a colony of men and
usefulness and heroism. The neces- women forgetting God and hating men,
Father Damien's Work.
sity of now abandoning this silence utterly wretched in body and mind, and
abandoned in their desperation to every
It is understood to be a very wise and arises from a flood of injurious misform of wickedness." "His labors in
prudent custom of the astute Papal statements which have been wrought
time transformed this nest of diseaseCourt to subject to a rigid scrutiny all into the undiscnminatirig encomiums
into a Christian commartyr-priest." These stricken savages
alleged claims of deceased worthies to upon the
munity."
saintship. For this purpose, a regular have had a wide circulation, and
Even our valued Christian Union joins
trial is instituted, and able lawyers set have found place in the columns of
the
calumnious crowd and says: "Thirto plead both for and against the can- many evangelical weeklies in America.
teen
years ago these villages were the
didate. The opposing counsel is known A chief source of these misstatements
of indescribable misery. The
homes
as advocatus diaboli, or the devil's ad- seems to have' been an article in LongGovernment
had adopted the barbarous
vocate. He brings up all possible facts man's Magazine, signed Arthur Ballanthat
the lepers could sustain
theory
adverse to the alleged sanctity of the tyne. The character of this article is
themselves."
" The miserable huts
holy person. Not infrequently he makes indicated by the exaggerated strain of
huddled
together,
filled with wretchedout his case; the supposed saint fails to its opening sentence; "Perhaps no spot
which greeted him
ness
and
debauchery
be canonized by the Papal authority, on the face of the earth can equal
he
landed in 1873, have now been
and the defout are forbidden any longer for concentrated misery and hopeless as
(through his efforts) by
to pray to him, or to believe in the horror" the leper settlement on Molo- supplanted
neat
cottages."
kai. What of cancer-hospitals, peniten- groups of
miracles wrought at his shrine.
"Father Damien took up first the
As may be supposed, the advocatus tiaries, insane asylums? To such, Kadiaboli has an invidious task. He is lawao is a Paradise. The unfortunate question of sufficient food, and as a reapt to become a somewhat unpopular lepers are commonly disfigured more or sult of his importunities the Hawaiian
person. We by no means propose to less, some of them maimed; advanced Government arranged that food supplies
perform the duties of this objectionable cases«xist where there is great debility shonld be sent at regular intervals to the
functionary in the case of good Father and some pain, rarely acute. The mal- island." "Through his representations
Damien, concerning whom such a flood ady is mostly painless. The people are and under his personal direction, the
of eulogy has recently pervaded the exempt from the cares and anxieties of Government has comfortably housed
English and American press. In this life. They are commonly better housed the colony, Father Damien himself havcountry, where his work was performed, and fed than in their former homes. In ing built many of the houses."
those encomiums seem to be generally a lovely spot, once the favorite abode of
In the foregoing extracts the grossest
and
with
abundant
slanders
upon the Hawaiian Governregarded as extravagant, and some facts a large population,
adthe
these
which
closing years of
poor ment,
represents our Christian
are currently alleged to exist quite
society,
verse to any claims to exalted sanctity. people are generally not devoid of much civilization, are so inextricably intermixIt is not at all our intention to search happiness. Theforegoinghasbeenforthe ed with laudations of Father Damien
into any possible blemishes in the char- most part true of the settlement from the that in vindicating the former we have
acter of this unquestionably benevolent beginning, although many minor evUs no choice but to disparage the alleged
and devoted priest. As far as we can
learn, the evidence is undoubted that he
All communicationsand letters connected with the literary
department of the paper, HchAs and Magazines for Re gave himself with unreserved self-sacriview and Kxchanges snould be addressed "Rev. S. R
fice to promote the well being of the
Bishop, Honolulu, 11. I."
Busines* letters should be addressed "T. O. Thrcm lepers at the Molokai settlement, and
Honolulu. H. 1.
that in this service he contracted the
S. E. BISHOP,
Editor malady as he expected to do. What is,
we think still more worthy of esteem,
CONTENTS.
he appears to have been genuinely comFather Damien's Work
51-.r >2 passionate and humane, untiring in laRev. Joseph King and Samo.a
S3
Rev. ft, G. Porter's Talk to the Japanese
58 bor, and never sparing himself. Hav'J he Conemaugh Valley Disaster
54
G.
Porter's
Visit
Honolulu
54 ing been such, we heartily join in renE.
to
amehamcha Exhibition
54
College
55 dering honor to his memory, as of one
ahu
awaiahao Female Seminary
55
lonthly Krents
56 in a marked degree heroic and Christ[arine Journal, Etc
56
rrr;
a
57 like in motive and action.
m. c.
[awaiian Board
M
nnual Sermon on Home M issions
50-61
We had expected to remain silent and
nnuml Meeting of the W. B. M. P. 1
61
unchbowl
61-62 not to demur at what we believed to be
Thr Friend is published th* first day of each mouth, a
Honolulu, H. I. Subscription rate '1 wo Poi.laks iik
1
YRAK INVARIABLY IN AIJVANCH.
- -
.|«v.
.....
"
52
wonderful services of the latter, which
we should have preferred to let alone.
The truth is, first, that no such abominable disorder among the lepers or neglect
on the part of the Government existed,
either at Damien's, arrival in 1873 or at
any previous time. It is true that in
1865, the first year of the residence of
lepers there, there was some disorder
and some destitution for a short time,
until the Government had learned their
work. Secondly, Father Damien, although more or less serviceable, was
never a chief moving spirit in the steady
improvement that went on in the condition of the settlement. Such a claim
for him is unfounded on fact, and the
grossest exaggeration. The Government always took care to have faithful
and capable agents, and gave zealous
attention to the wants of the settlement
without waiting for Damien to importune them.
We now quote from the Biennial Report of the Board of Health to the Legislature dated April 1, 1874, about the
time of, to Damien's arrival at the settlement. This report is signed by Hon.
H. A. Widemann, then President of the
Board of Health, a gentleman of high
standing, a Catholic, a vigorous critic of
administrative faults, and his party having just come into office, quite at liberty
to denounce any neglect of the late
Protestant Minister of Interior E. O.
Hall. Mr. Widemann asserts that "in
a material point of view these people
are better off on Molokai than most natives of these Islands, and also better
off, with few exceptions, than they ever
were in their own homes." A " large
number of kuleanas" "with numerous
good houses" had recently been purchased to meet the wants of the increasing population. (Kuleanas are small
private pieces of land.) Six thousand
feet of water pipe had been laid. "Mr.
W. P. Ragsdale who some months ago
gave a remarkable example of self-sacrifice ingoing of his own accord to Molokai, is the present superintendent of
the asylum. A more active and efficient
man could hardly be found." The lepers
"have been made in all respects as comfortable as possible."
All this was before Damien had gone
to the settlement.
Turn back two years to the report of
Dr. F. W. Hutchinson in 1872. "The
food ration is a large one, and exceeds
that supplied to the soldiers of the best
supplied European
and American
armies." "The Board can fairly assert
that these people are better supplied
than they ever were in their own homes
—a proof of the assertion may be found
in the fact that many of the people living
at the landing place at Kalaupapa, have
been anxious to make themselves
lepers." "We repeat again, that these
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
people are well taken care of, and not that island. After this, for eleven years,
Rev. A. O. Forbes carried on the work
unhappy."
The tone of defense of this- report be- ably and devotedly, periodically visiting
tokens the fact that the treatment of the and ministering to the lepers after they
lepers was then as always the subject came there in 1865, organizing the
of jealous scrutiny by the Hawaiian Siloam church, and installing their fiist
public.
pastor.
At that time thatched houses were
A considerable proportion of the lepers
the common abodes of the people in all were members of Protestant churches,
the country districts. These were often
more comfortable and more healthy than
their present wooden cottages. For
many years our pioneer missionaries
lived in grass houses. One writer complains that the lepers did not get milk.
The natives are not used to have milk at
home. What they want is pot, and poi
was always a chief part of the leper's
rations.
This report of 1872 describes the commodious house of the keeper, two hospitals for the sick, and separate houses
for those lepers needing special care.
There are described "separate houses
built for boys and girls, with a special
building for a school room," the teacher
being a leper. " A number of milch
cows furnish plenty of milk" for the
patients, "and the food is prepared by a
Chinese cook."
"A little distance from this central
place, nearer the seaside, a little church
has been built, where every Sunday a
native minister, a leper himself, holds a
service.
* It is well attended by
the poor people for whose benefit it has
been specially erected."
This last testimony of Dr. Hutchison
will have the more force with those who
remember how entirely out of sympathy
he was with the Protestant missionaries.
We now take up the calumnies as to
the religious and moral' condition of
Molokai and the Leper Settlement at
the date of Damien's arrival. Mr. Ballantyne says: "Though the other Hawaiian Islands had abolished idolatry
and adopted Christianity, in Molokai—
where there was no missionary, no
priest—the old paganism, with all its
horrible consequences,reigned supreme."
This seems really too absurd for serious
notice. Molokai was, in many respects,
the most thoroughly and successfully
worked missionary field in the group.
Mr. and Mrs. Hitchcock were at the
head of the work from 1832 to 1857.
They were peculiarly devoted and efficient, and had excellent missionaries
associated with them. There were no
traders in their field, and their influence
was less impeded than on the other
islands. Nearly every man and woman
on the island came to own their powerful moral and spiritual sway. Father
Hitchcock was a first-class example of a
devoted, hard-working missionary hero,
whom the people both loved and feared,
and we had plenty more like him.
About the time of his death the count
showed an excess of births over deaths
on Molokai. This was the one solitary
instance of the kind in this kingdom. It
erinced the superior moral condition of
*
many deacons, and some ministers.
Their spiritual wants were well supplied
by church and Sabbath schools, and
have always been the object of solicitous
care from the other churches and the
Hawaiian Bosrd. And now comes this
Mr. Ballantyne and tells the world that
Molokai was a heathen island, which
Father Damien christianized!
Mr. Ballantyne may have been misled
by Catholic Mission statistics, which
would have shown Molokai to have been
without church or priest of their persuasion. Father Hitchcock's supremacy
left them no foothold. Still we think
that good Bishop Maigret would hardly
have made return of Molokai as a
"Pagan" island, however far from salvation he may have reckoned us Protestants.
Why Bishop Maigret left his Catholic
people at Kalawao for so many years
destitute of spiritual care, we do not
know. So neglected, they became the
source of much of the moral disorder
that existed at Kalaupapa among the
idle lepers in spite of church and magistrate. Father Damien did a worthy and
noble thing to volunteer in 1873 to serve
them. He did great good by bringing
the neglected Catholic minority under
spiritual direction and control. He also
worked zealously for their bodily needs.
In this respect his services may doubtless be regarded as of indispensable
value. We don't know of any evidence
that Damien's usefulness for some years
extended beyond what he did for the
Catholic minority. All good missionaries, as a rule, combine a variety of ma-terial labors with spiritual; Damien did
the same, -and seems to have done his
work zealously and faithfully according
to his ability.
The fact was, that the. general condition of the settlement was good, and the
government and superintendents Meyer
and Ragsdale were doing all they could
to improve it. As Damien gained experience, he no doubt contributed useful
suggestions. We find him in 1878, after
the death of superintendent Ragsdale,
acting as assistant superintendent. A
strong committee of investigation evidently did not consider him as meeting
the needs of the office, although they
imputed his inadequacy to the pressure
of his spiritual duties.
We have, contended that Damien's
usefulness was simply that of the ordinary missionary priest. A special heroism there undoubtedly was, in undertaking and performing his duties in the
face of the liability of becoming a leper
himself. We do not minimize that he-
Volume 47, No. 7.]
roism in saying that he coveted death
by leprosy as winning for him special
spiritual "merit," or a "martyr's" crown.
Such heroism in varied forms, however,
pervades the history of Catholic and
Protestant churches. Hawaii and Micronesia are full of examples of it, and
among those who do not believe in earning "merit," but who wish merely to
follow their lord in helping and saving
men. We think it an unworthy exaggeration to erect this good priest into a
rare and wonderful martyr. As to the
alleged "exile," there was none. He
was always free to go and come, and
occasionally visited Honolulu, even after
he became a leper. There are several
other devoted priests here, and we doubt
if some of them would not have willingly exchanged parishes with their
brother Damien, with his ample govHis
ernment rations and housing.
ardent admirer Stoddard found him in
1884, hearty, buoyant and busy, and living in plenty.
None the less a hero for that. But
the vain effort to make an exceptional
hero of him has led to the flood of calumnious misstatements which we have
felt compelled to refute.
We purposely abstain from setting
forth several acknowledged facts which
would put this matter in a stronger
light, and which many here will feel
disappointed not to see published herewith. Enough has been said for our
purpose in vindicating our Hawaiian
civilization from the disgraceful inhumanity imputed to it.
DAIRY & STOCK
so that most of the half-castes are under
COMPANY,
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CREAM, BUTTER,
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AND LIVE STOCK.
well as in other islands.
j«nB7yr
The war has of course deranged mission and school work. It is hoped that
ELITE ICECREAM PARLORS
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No. 85 Hotel Street, Honolulu, 11. 1.
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anßo
They have never had representative inNOTT,
stitutions.
The Samoans are a clean living people
and alone in all Polynesia, have not TIN, COPPER AND SHEET IRON
been decreasing in numbers. All the
Worker, Plumber, Gas Fitter, etc.
photographs here represent both sexes
Range's of all kinds, Plumbers' Stock and
Stoves
and
as nude above the waist. This is not
Metals, House Furnishing Goods, Chandeliers,
the custom among the respectable peoLamp*, Etc.
ple, but pleases foreigners and photoKaahuinanu St., Honolulu.
graphers. We did not ask Mr. King, janB7yr
but have no doubt that the same is SHIPPING & NAVY CONTRACTOR
true about the filthy awa-bowl.
Mr. King expects to be absent in
JOSEPH TINKER,
England for six months.
WOODLAWN
THE
JOHN
Family and Shipping Butcher,
Rev. E. G. Porter's Talk to the Japanese.
Mr. Porter addressed the Japanese
Christians at the Lyceum on the evening
of Sunday, the lGth, telling them of his
four months' travel in Japan. As he
approached the coast he seemed to be
returning to European civilization, so
many were the appliances of modern
improvement, buoys, light-houses, steamers, railroads, finely engineered roads,
In Peking,
By the Alameda on the 29th, we had and especially post-offices.
send
a
to the
when
he
wanted
to
letter
the pleasure of meeting, in transit, the
had
to
hire
a
messpecial
he
Rev. Joseph King of Melbourne. Mr. sea-port,
is
The
service
postal
senger.
Japanese
King was for many years a missionary
in Samoa, but for some years past in
pastoral work at Melbourne. He was
one of a deputation last year to visit the
Samoan mission, and so is thoroughly
informed as to religious affairs there.
Mr. King is now on his way to confer
with the officers of the London Missionary Society. A pleasant reception was
given Mr. and Mrs. King and daughter,
with Mr. and Mrs. Harris of Melbourne,
at Rev. Dr. Hyde's on Saturday evening, to which were invited those persons
more intimately related to mission work
here. Messrs. Harris and King made
short addresses. They had landed at
Samoa from the Alameda, and so renewed their knowledge of the people
and their affairs.
While the Gospel work retains sub
stantially its power and activity in
Samoa, the churches are suffering from
the lack of missionary superintendence.
There is little education as compared
with that of the Hawaiian natives. No
native newspapers exist. The Romanists maintain a strong force of priests
and assistants, with advanced schools,
53
THE FRIEND.
CITY MARKET, Nuuanu Street.
All orders delivered with quick dispatch and at reason*
able rates. Vegetables fresh every morning.
janB7>'r
Telephone 389, both Companies.
pEORGE
LUCAS,
CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER,
HONOLULU STEAM PLANING
MILL,
ESPLANADE, HONOLULU, H. I.
Manufacturerof all kinds of Mouldings, Brackets,Window
Frames, Blinds, Sashes, Doors, and all kinds of Woodwork
Finish. Turning, Scroll and Band Sawing. All kinds of
Planing, Sawing, Morticing and Tenanting. Orders promptly attended to, and work Guaranteed. Orders from the
janB7yr
other Islandssolicited.
mtlE HAWAIIAN NEWS COMPANY,
complete, and embraces Shanghae, the
Successors to J. H. SOPER,
foreigners of which port depend on Japan
for their trans-Pacific mail facilities. Stationer and
News Dealer.
Japan is everywhere beautiful. The
25 Merchant Street, Honolulu, H. I.
Gospel is making wonderful progress. It
morals.
One
disamends the people's
Subscriptions received for any Paper or Magazine pubtiller of saki converted his distillery into lished. Special orders received for any Books published.
a church, and ma,de pulpit and seats out janB7yr.
of the barrels. There are noble schools "HEAVER SALOON,
everywhere. In one small city were forty
H. J. NOLTE, Proprietor,
book shops. Joseph Neelima ran away
to America when a boy, was converted, TEMPERANCE COFFEE HOUSE,
got a superior education, and preached
Fort Street, Honolulu.
his first sermon in Mr. Porter's church
Best Quality of Cigar*. Cigarettes, Tobacco, Smokers' ArAt
a
farewell
reception
in Lexington.
mayB6
tides, etc., always on hand.
in Lexington the young people paid him
fifteen cents each for autographs,making n E. WILLIAMS,
a small fund with which Neesima started
Importer, Manufacturer, Upholsterer and
a school in Kioto. This school has
college
into
the
Doshisha
grown
great
Dealer in all kinds of Furniture.
with eight hundred and eighty-nine
Furniture Warerooins in New Fire-proof Building.
students and eighty-two studying theology. It is now to become a university,
Nos. in Fort Street and 66 Hotel Streets.
at the instance of the Minister of In- Agency Detroit Safe Co. Feather, Hair, Hay and Eureka
and Pillow*., and Spring Mattresses on hand and
struction, who has procured a fund of Mattresses
made to order. Pianos and Sewing Machines always oo
seventy thousand yen for it. A gentle- hand and for sale or rent. Best Violin and Guitar Strings
kinds of Musical Instruments for sale as cheap a*
man in America has just given one andall
the cheapest.
the
fund.
janB7yr.
thousand dollars towards
_^___^^^^^__
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
54
The Conemaugh Valley Disaster.
Rev. Dr. Beckwith, Jast Sunday evening, applied the lessons of this terrible
event with great force and feeling. It
teaches us to build well, both in material and in spiritual things, so as to endure all tests.
One inestimable enrichment which
the Conemaugh destruction will assuredly be in material things, we have
not seen alluded to. Congress has just
given half a million for a mere reconnoisance of the Rocky mountains, with
a view to construct perhaps a thousand
great storage reservoirs, with colossal
dams. The hundreds of millions of fertile but arid acres that await irrigation,
will ensure the construction of those
dams to impound the spring floods for
man's service. What gangs of greedy
and inhuman contractors and of corrupt
inspectors stand ready to slight and
cheapen their work, and to imperil the
lives of the millions who will dwell in
the lower valleys. Now at the inception
of the work, and in merciful though
stern warning God sends this gigantic
wreck of Conemaugh. It will now be
hardly possible for either government or
individuals to neglect their duty in
making faithful and solid work in the
Rocky mountain dams. So the judgment may prove to be the greatest mercy.
So—too optimistically some of our
readers may think—we regard the Seattle conflagration, with all its ruin and
loss to individuals, as really a great
mercy to the city. First, the fire was
sure to come in that ill-built huddle of
houses. How much better to come now
before millions more had been expended
on good buildings. Secondly, the whole
tract is cleaned off; the streets will be
widened and reformed, and a noble city
of fire-proof blocks will replace the
former ill-built town. Probably the
ground alone is already worth more in
the market than it was before the fire,
with all its buildings standing.
But note another thing. Such a fire
in Constantinople or Peking would have
been purely a disaster. No improvement
of the burnt district would follow. A
dam or a dyke bursting in China would
be followed by no improvement in the
public engineering. Why are we so
thoroughly assured that improvement
will follow in America? Because in
America there is conscience. Because
there is spiritual enlightenment. Because
there are crowds of noble men and
women whose soiils make great outcry
against sloth and greed and treachery;
they kindle other souls, and the sluggards and traitors and pirates are daunted and made ashamed. So good work
will be done. This is one thing that
comes to any people when Christ has
shone upon them. They witl not endure
scoundrelism. They will have good and
honest work.
The same sort of thing was brought
out just two years ago in the Armory
meeting in this city, when a flood of
public wrath swept away villainy in high
places. Solid and honest work is likely
to be done in Honolulu for some time
to come. But all public affairs need the
support of active and watchful consciences. Bad men hate and vilify conscience in other people, but give way
before it when aroused in its might.
Rev. E. G. Porter Visits Honolulu.
Among the many visitors which our
central position in the lines of commerce brings to us, we have met few
more interesting than Rev. E. G. Porter,
pastor of a church in Lexington, Mass.
Mr. Porter has now been two years on
his travels. Associated with the wellknown Rev. Dr. March of Woburri, and
in the interests of the American Board,
although not at their expense, he visited
and studied the Board's missions in the
Turkish Empire India, China and Japan,
also missions in Burmah and Siam,
most of which countries he has extensively explored, as well as Java and
Australia. In Peking Dr. March became disabled by illness and returned
home.
Mr. Porter is evidently an acute observer and an admirable reporter of what
he has seen. We have seldom listened
to a more entertaining and agreeable
has lectured in Central
speaker.
Church
upon missions in the
Union
Turkish Empire, and again upon that in
India; he has also lectured in the Y. M.
C. A. Hall upon Siam and upon Java.
Mr. Porter has visited Kauai, and is
now upon Hawaii. He expects to sail
for home on July sth. We hope to hear
again his interesting narrations. The
home churches have a spiritual and intellectual treat before them when he
arrives.
The sermon on Home Missions was
preached in the evening at Kaumakapili
church by Rev. S. Paaluhi. Rev. A. D.
Bissell at the same time preaching the
sermon on Foreign Missions to the
English speaking congregation in the
Central Union Church.
Kamehameha Exhibition.
When we went to our Sabbath school
on Sunday, June 23d, in old Kawaiahao
church, we found the immense platform,
supposed to be adequate for all possible
school purposes, extended to more than
double its area for the coming exhibition
of Mr. Oleson's school. It was suggested
that they were going to show us a baseball game, in which their nine have, this
season, been so victorious. Thursday
evening, June 27th, we went and saw
some things out of the ordinary course.
There was a fair assortment of declama-
tions, creditably delivered. Some of
these Hawaiian youth were perfectly
distinct in articulation of English words,
which is not very common. Samuel
Kauhane and William Spencer read
compositions, both of which were interesting in matter, and distinctly enunciated. An interesting newspaper, the
Kamehameha Sentinel, was read by the
editor, John Wise; it contained many
amusing hits. During the reading, four
artists were drawing comical pictures
upon the black-board, showing freedom
and correctness of handling." Fractions
on Fire" and "Rapid Calculation" were
black-board and oral exercises, exhibiting
quick movements in arithmetic, and
amazed the natives. The need of the
great stage appeared in the Indian club
and dumb-bell exercises, in which the
athletic, military forms of the tall boys
were displayed in splendid action. With
such physical training, and with the
regular habits and temperate regime of
the school, the base-ball success of the
Kamehameha nine is quite accountable.
Now if these fine fellows will only keep
up to what they are learning here
through after life! The weakness of
Hawaiians is to do nobly for a while and
then relapse into slack and careless
living. Yet some of our fine Lahainaluna youth have fulfilled their early
promise, while too many have drifted
with the strong tide of half-heathen
living.
The young Kamehamehas are being
finely equipped with hands and eyes
skilled for the best and most useful artizenship. An exhibit of their manual
work hung back of the stage in the form
of house and bridge models with samples of turning and joinery. Plumbing
and smithing exhibits were seen at
school. We fully coincide with the
view of the founders of the school that
this manual training will supply an es-
Volume 47, No. 7.]
sential element in the success in life of
Hawaiian Youth.
Mr. Townsend ably conducted the
vocal music exercises, several of which
varied the exhibition. The voices of
the boys seemed to be receiving a careful training. The Hallelujah Chorus
closed the evening. We congratulate
Mr. Oleson and his faithful assistants
upon the fine impression of their work
which the exhibition has made upon the
public. The great house was crowded.
Mr. Shinichi Ando, son of Mr. Taro for the occasion, which was to give a
Ando, the Japanese Consul-General, is farewell reception to Mr. Shinichi Ando,
now leaving Honolulu to study at An- son of the Japanese Consul residing in
dover, Massachusetts. Mr. Ando has
been at Oahu College for the past three
years, giving special attention to the
natural sciences. He has been highly
esteemed in his church relations, as well
as in school. For his own sake, as well
as for that of his noble Christian father,
we wish for him every success and
prosperity in his new surroundings. We
think he will carry through life very
recollections of Honolulu, as
pleasant
Oahu College.
Honolulu will of his pleasant, cordial
The customary annual exercises of face and voice.
this valued institution, took place on
We are going to display our lack of
June 19th and 20th. A class of six was musical taste by saying that to our ungraduated. Hon. H. A. P. Carter delivered an address. We congratulate cultivated ear (to which, however, the
of Handel's Messiah is rapPresident Merritt and his associates on most part
the Hallelujah Chorus is utterly
turous)
the progress and prosperity of the Coloffense. The staccato notes and
lege. We think that there has never an
derisive inflections of the
seemingly
been there an abler Faculty or one better
seem as opposite to all
"Hallelujahs"
adapted to impart a high Classical and
idea of adoring worship as it is possible
Scientific Education. In the Scientific
for us to conceive. Think of seraphs
Department especially there has been a
out such barking "Praise t'
most gratifying improvement. On an jerking
God's" as that! It seems like a profanaother page will be found an essay by
tion to utter the sacred word in such a
Miss Bicknell which shows what good
tone. It may be music, but we cannot
work is being done in Geology.
think it worship.
Kawaiahao Female Seminary.
The closing exercises of this institution were held on the afternoon of Wednesday, June 4th, in the fine large
schoolroom added to the building last
year. There was a crowded assembly
of parents, patrons, and prominent residents. The pupils, all native girls,
went through their numerous assigned
parts in excellent style. The music was
directed by Miss Patch, who has evidently more than kept up the high
standard of her predecessors. It reflects
the greatest credit on the new corps of
young and skillful teachers that, notwithstanding their total inexperience with
Hawaiian girls, the school has prospered
and even gone forward. Miss Pepoon
the new Principal, has earned high
praise. But perhaps the greatest honor
of all is due to the excellent Miss
Hopper, who alone remained of the
former faculty, and who lent to the utmost her valuable experience and happy
influence to introduce her new associates to their work.
We congratulate the Trustees and
Patrons on the successful progress of
the school, and on the many generous
benefactions which have replaced the
old and dilapidated buildings with the
present noble and commodious edifice.
Nearly 130 girls were housed and taught
in the Seminary the past year.
55
THE FRIEND.
Judd
read at Central Union
Church prayer meeting an English version of his historical address to the
natives at Kawaiahao on the occasion of
the Jubilee anniversary of tke completion
of the Hawaiian Bible. We hope to
print this address in our August issue.
It is rich in interest.
Judge
Rev. A. C. Walkup arrived per Umatilla on the 28th ult., to do his yearly
visiting per Morning Star among the
Gilbert Islands. Mrs. Logan and Mr.
and Mrs. Forbes are expected per Zealandia on the 6th. The Star will take
speedy departure after their arrival.
We thankfully acknowledge the receipt from Mr. John T. Arundel at
Howland's I, of a long promised account
of a late visit toTahiti and other South
Pacific Islands, with observations of
great value from so experienced an observer. We shall hope to find place for
this paper in our August issue.
Reception.
The Japanese Y. M. C. A. had a very
pleasant gathering in Queen Emma
Hall on Saturday evening, June 22d.
The room was very tastefully decorated
this city.
Young Ando came here with
his parents about three years ago, and
although *his parents were not then
Christians, he had been placed by them
in a Christian school, and while there
was converted. Since he came to this
city he has been very earnest and active
in Christian work especially among his
countrymen. He was a member of the
Central Union Church; an active member of the foreign Y. M. C. A.; also
Recording Secretary of the Japanese
Branch. Mr. Ando goes to Andover,
Mass., to spend a year in Philip's Academy, then to Ann Arbor to persue a
special course in chemistry, after which
he will return to his native land to engage in business. On the above evening Dr. Hyde presided and the exercises consisted of singing, prayers and
brief addresses rendered in Japanese and
English, there being a goodly number
of each nationality present. A generous supply of ice cream and cake made
up the programme of a very pleasant
evening, the memory of which will
cheer and help our young brother when
among scenes and faces that are new
and strange.
The Nineteenth Century contains an
article by Mrs. Humphrey Ward, entitled "The New Reformation, in which
she demands that the same principles
of literary criticism which have been applied to the analysis of other documents,
be applied to the Four Gospels. With
this demand we are in hearty accord, as
are all the more progressive members of the evangelical church. The
result, however, of the application of
this method to the study of the New
Testament has been to make it almost
absolutely certain that the three synoptic Gospels existed in substantially their
present form within half a century after
the death of' Christ, and reasonably
certain that the fourth Gospel existed in
substantially its present form before the
end of the first century. These are the
conclusions, not merely of orthodox
students endeavoring to defend the authenticity of the Gospels, but of unprejudiced, if adverse critics. All that
Christian faith demands of the Rationalistic school is that they should explain
how the narratives of miracles became
incorporated in these contemporaneous,
records by writers whose honesty never
has been impugned, and whose opportunities for observation are not questioned, if the events did not occur as
they are narrated in the evangelical histories. The notion that these narratives
of miracles are mythical additions of a
later date, has been destroyed by the
very methods of criticism to which Mr.
Huxley and the author of "Robert
Elsmere" appeal.—Dr. Lyman Abbott,
Monthly Record of Events.
June Ist—Arrival of S.S. Zealandia
from the Colonies en route for San Francisco.—Honolulu's beat the Kaiulani's
20 to 1.
3rd-10th—General meeting sessions
of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association.
4th—Death of Mrs. T. Keega'n, a resident of this city for the past thirty years.
—Annual meeting of the Woman's
Board; officers re-elected. — Williams-
Green wedding bells at St. Andrew's
Cathedral.
5th—Closing exercises of the Kawaiahao Seminary.
6th—Royal breakfast to Mr. and Mrs.
F. P. Hastings and party by the King.
—Annual Tea party of the Woman's
Board.
7th—Pickrell-Putnam wedding bells
at Dudoit House.—Annual examination
North Pacific Institute. —Departure of
S.S. Umatilla for San Francisco with a
large freight and passenger list.
8th —Arrival of S.S. Mariposa from
San Francisco en route to the Colonies.
His Ex. H. A. P. and Mrs. Carter and
daughters and several other prominent
returned kamaainas by her were welcomed home.—Honolulu's beat the Stars
18 to 9.
11th—Kamehameha Day; celebrated
as usual by races at the Park, Sunday
School picnic at Punahou and private
ones in various valleys.— Robbery at
store of M. Davis, corner of Nuuanu
and Marine streets.
12th—Arrival of City of Peking from
San Francisco, en route for Japan and
China.—Judge Preston renders his decision adverse to the claim of G. W.
Macfarlane for salary due as His Maj-
esty's Chamberlain.
13th—Annual meeting of the Strangers'
Friend Society.
15th—Messrs. Sorenson& Lylelaunch
their new yacht Kaiulani.—Kamehameha's beat the Hawaii's by a score of four
to one.
17th—New Ice Company contemplated.—Entertaining lecture by Rev.
E. G. Porter, at the Y. M. C. A., on his
travels in Java.
19th—Closing examinations of Oahu
College.
20th —Semi-annual meeting of Trustees Queen's Hospital.—Graduation exercises of Oahu College at Central Union
Church. —Arrival of Chilian sloop-of-
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
56
PASSENGERS.
schooner Equator. —Sudden anxious enARRIVALS.
quiry for John F. Smith, if you please.
—Arrival of U. S. S. Alert from Samoa, From Auckland per Haw S S Zealandia, June I—Mis1 —Miss
I. C Hews and 217 passengers in transit.
via Farming's Island.
From ■ Sas Francisco per Forest Queen, June s—Mr—
. 5 Mr..
Walters
and 2 children.
#
26th Examinations of Kamehameha
From San Francisco per C D Bryant, June 4 —X B
schools, with exercises on evening of Lathrop.
From San
per Planter, June i»--Harry Luce.
27th at Kawaiahao Church to a packed From San Francisco
Francisvo per S C Allen June 13—Mrs S F
Graham
and
children,
>
Mr Carter, wife and a child-en, M
house.
Toms.
From
Francisco
San
per Mariposa, June B—H A P Carter
28th—Arrival of steamer Umatilla
wife and 3 daughters, B F Dillingham and 9 children, Geo.
from San Francisco. —Honolulu Musical Dillingham,
Kluegal
and 4 children, Mr and Mrs G A
Mrs
Howard, Master Howard, T G Gribhle, E Muller, G W
Society re-organizes.
Pratt,
Dr. W E Taylor.
Ashley, Dr. J S
From San Francisco per bkine Discovery, June ty—
29th—Arrival of S. S. Alameda from Hasan
Zol!er.
Anderson and
the Colonies en route for San Francisco; From San Francisco per Umatilla, June aB--Mrs Lillie,
A H Parke, W C Parke, Jr., Mt% C L Bell, Miss G
considerable disappointment at the non- Miss
Eddy, 1 Q Tewksburv, L B Keir, T May, Hon A S Clegarrival of Admiral Kimberly as expected. horn, F A SchaciVr, R B Brenham, ] M. Williams, Key A
C Walkup, J L Toibert, J H Lantry and 10 Steerage.
Kamehameha's vanquish the Kaiulani's by a score of 17 to 5.
—
—
DEPARTURES.
Marine Journal.
PORT OF HONOLULU.-JUNE.
ARRIVALS.
—
I Haw S S Zcalamlia, Oterendorp, 11 4 4 days
from Auckland
I —Am bk Ceylon, Calhoun, 27 days from Puget
Sound
4—Am bk \V H Dimond, Drew, 16 days from
San Francisco
4—Am bk C DBryant.s Penhallow, 17 days from
San Francisco
5—Am bk Forest Queen, Winding, 19 days from
San Francisco
7 —Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, from San Francisco
8—S S Mariposa, Hayward, u% days from San
Francisco
10—Am brigt Consuelo, Robertson, 16 days from
San Francisco
12—Am bkt Planter, Dow, 13 days from San
Francisco
12—Am bkt S G Wilder, Griffiths, 13 days from
San Francisco
12—Am S S City of Peking, Caverly, from San
Francisco
13—Am bk S C Allen, Thompson, 16 days from
San Francisco
17—Am bkt John Woosrer, Johnson, 67 days from
Newcastle
20—Chilian Man-of-war Pilcomayo, Valemuela, 64
days from Panama, C A
21—Am schr Equator, Reed, 19 days from San
Francisco.
22—Am bk Caibarien, Perkins, from S America
24—U S S Alert, Green, from Tutuila.
S F Hersey, McDonald, 67 flays from
25—Am sh
Newcastle via Tahiti
27—Am sh Alex McNeil, Friis, I2j£ days from
San Francisco
27—Am bktne Discovery, McNeil, lb}4 days hum
San Francisco
28—Am S S Umatilla, Holmes, 7 days from San
Francisco
28—Am sch Twil ght, Larsen, 47 days from Howland's Island
dys fm Colonies
29—Am S S Alameda, Morse,
.
;
—
For San Francisco, per Alameda, June 29—Captain J A
King, Shinichi Ando, Miss Blanche E Cornwell, Captain
W Watson, Miss H E Cushman, W A Buick, Mrs E S
Cunha and son, W C Peacock and wife, C C Kennedy, Mrs
J Hoting and 2 children, Miss Dower, I, C Abies, fi steer
aye, and 230 passengers in transit from the Colonies.
For San Francisco, per S G Wilder, June 30—E Stoul
and Mrs Wagner.
For San Francisco, per C D Bryant, June 29—Miss E L
Ladd, Mrs F Loehr and child, G E Thrum, J C White, J
1 h mpson, Captain Underwood, and Mr Lathrop.
For San Francisco, per R M S S Zealandia, June I—vV1 —vV
N Phillips and wife, Miss M Cook, J G Prouty, F Burchardt, C B Wells, 1> Porter, A Herbert, & steerage, and 217
passengers in transit.
For San Francisco, per Umatilla, June 7—Mr and Mrs
INS Williams, Mrs F E Eaton And child, Miss Dressier,
P Peck, G If Spalding, EJ G Bryan', Miss S V Hopper,
Mrs H Streubeck and child, Dr A B Cater, wife, child and
servant, H W Schmidt and wife, Mrs C C Kennedy and
child, Miss M Mclntyre, W I. Decoto and wife, Miss A
Peterson, Mrs J A Hopper and daughter, Rev W H Barnes,
wife and child, R W McChesney. F r* Hastings and wife,
T W Hobron, Capt Hobron and wife, Miss I C Smith, JT
Water :ouse and wife, Hon G H Dole, wifeand ten children,
Hon PN Makee, Misses Merseberg (2), Hon HP Baldwin,
Mrs Tweedie, C Livingstone, wife and family. Mrs T >
Noonan, J W Liming and wife, James Andrews, G H Foster. TC Ford, ) M Pickrell and wife, W O Faulkner and
wife, Mrs I>r Tucker, J Martin and wife, Mrs James
Sutherland, two children and maid, Mrs Dr Emerson, Mrs
Maria Kahai, Miss H C Pierce, Robert Grieve, P G Camarinos, Mai H F Berelfhann and wife, C Arnemann.
For theColonies, per R M 9 S Mariposa, June B—Capt.8—Capt.
G Brown, H W Brady, Hubert Beaumont, H Berger and
26 cabi and 31 steerage passengers in transit.
For San Francisco per bktne Consuelo, June 14—H A
Crocker.
For San Francisco, per bk Forest Queen, lune 22—F
Waldron, Miss Nisson, W. Penjelly, J S Martin, Mr Walter and 2 children.
For South Seas, per schr Equator, June 22—Robert L
Stevenson, Mrs Stevenson Sr, J D Strong, Lloyd Osborne.
BIRTHS.
DAMON—In Honolulu, June 24th, to the wife of Frank
VY. Damon, a daughter.
LOWK.I.L—In this city, June 26th, to the wife of Ira A.
Lowell, a daughter.
MARRIAGES.
TULLUCH— WING—At the Foreign Church, "Kohala,
Hawaii, June 4th, by Rev. Thomas Gulick, George
Loedey Tulloch and Miss Clara Louisa Wing.
WILLIAMS—GRIJEN—At St. Andrews' Cathedral, in
this city, June 4th, by Revs. Alex. Mackintosh and Geo.
Wal ace, Mr. J. N. S. Williams to Miss Nina Green.
PICKRH.I PUTNAM—In this city, June 7th, by Rev.
K. G. Ifeckwith. Mr. J. M. Pickrellto Miss Eva Putoam.
AUF.RBACH—KEI.LY-At St. Andrews' Cathedral, ia
this city, June 12th, by the Rev. Alex. Mackintosh,
Frank B. Auerbach to Kathleen W., daughter of the late
Captain Kelly.
DEPARTURES.
KEECH—WEIR—In Honolulu, June 22nd, by the Rev.
E. G. Beckwith, D.D., Alvin W. Keech to Bella Weir.
war Pilcomayo, from Panama.
for San Francisi o
1—Haw S S Zealandia, Oterendorp,Francisco
CARTER-PARKER—In Yakima, Washington, June
at
for
Smn
Coluu,
Backus,
6—Am bk
21st—Meeting of American citizens
«th, by the Key. S. C. Head, Frederick W. Carter to
7—Am S S Umatilla, Holmes, for San Francisco
Alice A., daughter of F. I. Parker.
the call of the Minister Resident to 8—Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, for South Sea Islands YOUNG—CAKTER-ln
Seattle, Washington, June 10th,
Colonies
Mariposa,
Hay
far
the
wards,
K
M
of
the
SIS
"gloarrange for the celebration
by the Rev. Elliot Brown, Jesse Oliver Young la Cara
Peking, Caverly, for Jai.an a»d China
12—P M s's City afDimond,
daughter
of
S.
Carter of Honolulu.
M
Isabel,
Drew, for San Francisco
rious Fourth."
14—Am bktne W H
Am bgtne Consuelo, Robertson, for San Francisco
Hawaii's
a
in
beat
the
22d—Stars
15—Am bk Ceylon, Calhonn, for San Francisco
DEA THS.
score of three to one, the best game, so 18—Brit bk Royal Alice, Zeal, for SanforFrancisco
San Francisco
PERRY-At Halawa, Oahu, June 1, 1889, William Perry,
22—Am bk Forest Queen, Winding,
far, of the season. —Concert at Kauma- 24—Am schr Equator, Keid, for Gilbert I lands
aged 90 years, a resident of these islands since 1837.
Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, for San Francisco
KEEGAN—In this city, June 4th, Mrs. Margaret Keegaa,
kapili church in aid of its building fund,
Penhallow, for
nets $190.
84th—Departure of Robt. L. Stevenson and party to the South Seas, per
29—Am bk C D Bryant,
aged 69 years, 2 months. A aaiive of Trim county
Am bktne S G wilder, Paul, for »an I- ranciico
Mcagb, Ireland.
Am S S Alameda, Morse, for San Francisco
this city, June 4, 1889, Wilbart Gilmor*
WOOD—In
for
San
Francisco
Freis,
bk
Ale*
McNeil,
Am
Wood, infant son of Dr. and Mrs. C. B. Wood.
SO—Am bktne Joba Worstei, Johnson, for San Francisco
Volume 47, No. 7.]
THE FRIEND.
BQABB.
HAWAIIAN
HONOLULU H. I.
This page is devoted to the interests of the Hawaiian
Board of Missions, and the Editor, appointed by the
Board is responsible for its contents.
Rev. 0. P. Emerson,
-
Editor.
Anniversary Week.
June is our Anniversary Month, the
closing exercises of our various educational institutions being put into at least
three of its four weeks. This week (the
last of the month) we have the stimulating anniversaries of the Karhehameha
schools. Last week we were entertained
by the Punahou schools—collegiate and
preparatory. Indeed, week before that we
went to the annual picnic of the Sabbath
school of the Central Union Church, and
ran the bases with the married men for
the encouragement of the small boys.
We had all the exercises we wanted.
But Anniversary Week proper begins
with the Sabbath before the first Tuesday
in June. Then the people commence to
gather—pastors, delegates and friends
at the churches to hear the missionary
sermons.
The first meeting this year was at
Kawaiahao Church. It was a union
meeting, and the auditorium of this
notable structure was filled with a select
audience.
On the platform sat the clergy with
Rev. H. H. Parker the pastor, and Rev.
J. K. losepathe preacher for the morning. He was on appointment to preach
the sermon on Foreign Missions, and
his theme was the power of Christ's
Kingdom, and the things that make it
strong. In pleading for money he used
the apt illustration of a kite. Boys fly
kites, but they have to get the kite up
to catch the wind, and so they must
have string and pay out, and if they
want the kite to fly high and sail like
the moon, far overhead, they must have
a large ball of string, and they need not
only plenty of string, they must have
tail to steady the kite in its far flight,
and to keep it from diving down to destruction. Now, said the preacher, Micronesia is our kite, she lies far out upon
the azure sea, but if we are to sustain
her there, we must give her plenty of
string and tail.
—
Our Anniversary Week is a full one.
Meetings were held every day.
Besides the parent society there are
the auxiliaries that cluster with it: the
Woman's Board, which, like woman, is
needed everywhere; the General Sabbath
School Association of the group, the
General Young People's Christian Association and the Blue Ribbon League.
The sessions of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association began Tuesday and
were continued till Fridayj p m am half.
...
H
. ....,
urn.
57
the Japanese brethren, delivered by Mr.
Ukai, and last, though not least in our
sympathies, brother Tain, our assistant
translator and helper to Mr. Bingham,
brought the greetings of the Gilbert
On the introduction of the overture, Island brethren.
"Our Work among the Lepers," there
Thursday evening, the ladies of the
was noticed a general tenseness of. feelWoman's
Board received the members
Here
is
a
matter
that
to
the
ing.
goes
heart of the Hawaiian. He feels keenly of the Association, and good as were
for his unfortunate leper brother and is the viands the intellectual feast was
willing to share with him to the last even better, around which the assembled
dollar. This tenderness which the Ha- guests lingered till a late hour loth to
waiian has for the leper is not a mere leave.
sentiment, it embraces a practical purOn Friday morning, the Association
pose of helpfulness. It has been this in
the past.
attended the annual examination of the
North Pacific Missionary Institute, as
There was one point on which the it was conducted by the Principal, the
Hawaiian brethren expressed themselves Rev. C. M. Hyde, D.D., and by his asearnestly. They demanded that the sociate the Key. H. 11. Parker; the stuchildren of Protestant antecedents now dents appeared very creditably in the
at the Leper Settlement, and some of different branches of their work.
them children of Hawaiian clergymen,
The examination of Kaw.ii.ihao Semishould have the privilege of their own nary for girls came off Wednesday p.m.,
accustomed worship—should have full and was attended as per adjournment by
use of the Bible and be trained as evan- numbers of the At>sociutii n.
gelical Christians. A committee of five
was appointed to memorialize the Board
One of the strong points.made by the
of Health and protest against the sec- Association was in regard to the need
tarian use of public funds. The ques- of
giving the knowledge of the Scription was raised if the time had not come tures
to the people. It was noticeable
for the Hawaiian churches to establish a
that many of the native pastors were
home at the Leper Settlement for their
awake to this
It was declared
children resident there. The further that the Bible duty. be
must
put into every
consideration of this matter was left
every parish.
of
family
with the committee, but not before sevInterest in this matter culminated on
eral hundred dollars had been pledged by Sabbath evening
June 9th, when before
men of limited income for that purpose. a
large assemblage that filled the house,
Judge Judd delivered the Jubilee AdOne of the pleasantest things of all dress on
the 50th Anniversary of the
was the adoption by a unanimous vote completion of the first edition of the Haof a resolution heartily approving the waiian Bible. This valuable address is
introduction of missionary laborers by to be printed in the Annual Report of
the Home Board among the Hawaiian the Association.
churches, it being understood that these
laborers are not to come and be settled
The sermon preached by Rev. S. E.
as pastors of churches, but that they are Bishop on Home missions, touched the
rather to be guides, evangelists and issues of to-day vitally.
helpers to the Hawaiian pastors and
One of the wise things done by the
people; and this, we understand, accords Association was the appointment of a
with the already adopted policy of the commttee to consider the dangers that
A. B. C. F. M.
menace our Christian life and their
Undoubtedly this happy issue of the cure. Seven matters were enumerated,
matter was helped on by the presence of Rum, Opium, Awa, Gambling, Violation
our visiting brother, the Rev. E. G. of the Family Relation, Native.Kahunas
Porter, of Lexington, Massachusetts, (Doctors'), and Idolatry. The commitwho brought to the assembly the greet- tee would be glad to receive informaings of other missions, and of the Home tion from any. Hon. A. F. Judd is
Board as well, thus helping us to touch Chairman; the committee js to report at
the pulse of the missionary life every- a future meeting.
where. And then, too, our missionary
brother already on the ground, has
Three things were markedly noticeproved himself a promising representa- able in the meeting. Ist—A desire to
tive of what the people are to expect.
conciliate. 2nd—An earnest purpose
for work. 3rd—Thankfulness for the
Thursday was a feast-day. In the generous bequests which have been
morning, in addition to the graceful granted. The officers of the past year
greetings brought round the world from were reelected.
the many missions by Mr. Porter, there
Rev. J. H. Mahoe is to go as (the
were greetings also brought from the Hawaiian Board) Delegate
Chinese brethren of Hawaii nei, which sia together with Mr. Walkup who repwere delivered by Mr. Oamon, and from resents the A. B. C. F. M.
day session being held Monday the following week. The debates of the session were conducted with much spirit
and general good feeling.
THE FRIEND.
58
Y. M. C. A.
THEHONOLULU,
H. I.
This page is devoted to the interests of the Honolulu
Young Men't Christian Association, and the Board of
Director* are responsible for its contents.
5. D. Fuller,
- - -
Editor.
Monthly Meeting.
"The Watchman."
The Young Men's Christian Associations of the world have but one official
international organ, and that is The Y.
M. C. A. Watchman, which was formerly a semi-monthly paper edited and published by W. W. Vanorsdale of Chicago.
Since the begining of 1889, the paper
has been published weekly with Mr. S.
A, Taggart, former State Secretary of
Perm., as editor. The paper has several subscribers in this city and should
have more. To any one interested in
Y. M. C. A. work, or Christian work of
any kind, the information, helpful suggestions and Bible Readings contained
in this paper are worth many times the
price of the subscription, which for this
year is only $1.50 if taken in clubs,
Secretary Fuller will be glad to take the
name of any new subscriber.
On account of important exercises the
same evening elsewhere the business
meeting of the Y. M. C. A. last month
was held half an hour earlier than usual.
Thia was preceded by a meeting of the
Board of Managers at which every
member was present. The President,
Hon. Henry Waterhouae, in the chair.
At the Association meeting the working
committees were well represented by the
various chairmen whose reports showed
an improved condition in the committee
work of the Association. Although the
The International Convention.
meeting was one of the shortest it was
The Convention just closed at Philaone of the best we have had for a long
by nearly 1,000
time. Four new members were admit- delphia was attendedseveral
from across
including
delegates,
ted.
the ocean. Among these are Robert
Burns, secretary, London, Eng., Robert
Y. M. C. A. Boys.
McCann, traveling secretary of Ireland;
Fries, of Stockholm, Sweden; H.
Karl
their
last
The Y. M. C. A. boys held
Hofer, of Zurich, Switzerland; Baron
meeting before the summer vacation on Yon Stark, of Berlin.
Thursday afternoon, June 6th. ViceThe following abstract from the report
the
absence
of
the International Committee, will
in
Fuller
presided
President
of Mrs. Dillingham, and a large num- prove interesting reading
:
STATISTICS OF THE WORK.
ber of the boys were present to hear Rev.
E. G. Porter of Lexington, Mass., who
first
statistics in the International
The
gave them a capital address on "Life in Committee's elaborate report show associations, 1273; reporting, 1141, of
Siam."
which 1110 show an aggregate memberThe meetings during the past year ship of 195,456, with 33,958 serving on
have been well attended, and more va- committees, a large increase in every
ried, interesting and profitable than ever particular over the last biennial report.
before. Besides the benefit accruing to The total net property of the associagainst
themselves the boys have done some ations reporting is $8,944,684, as
at the last report. Building
$6,053,259
others,
work
in funds are pledged amounting to $1,397for
practical missionary
supporting a boy in the Kamehameha -285 by 120 associations. Library funds
School by their own voluntary contribu- are reported by six associations; and entions. The boys will meet in Septem- dowment funds, $26,917, by four. The
ber to elect officers and plan their work expenses of the International Committee for the year were $48,248. General
for anotjjer year.
secretaries and other paid officials number 869.
Topics.
The Gospel Praise Service held in the
Y. M. C. A. Hall every Sunday evening
at 6:30, will have for this month the following topics:
July 7—God Supplies All Our Needs.
1 Kings 17:8-16; Phil. 4:19.
July 14—A Bad Bargain. Luke 9:25;
12:16-21.
July 21—Called; A Bible Reading.
Mat. 4:17-22.
July 28—Something to be Proud of.
Rom. 1:15, 16: Gal. 6:14.
Everybody invited to attend.
EVIDENCES OF GROWTH
AND PROGRESS.
Volumes in the libraries of 522 associations number 385,728. Educational
classes are reported by 234 associations,
literary societies by 148, lectures by
543 and sociables by 657; in each case
a large increase over the figures of the
last report. The attendance at the
Bible and training classes, weekly prayer
meetings, foreign missionary meetings,
Gospel and daily prayer meetings and
days of prayer for young and colleges
indicates also an average gain. Situations to the no/Tiber of 7,619 were
[July, 1889.
secured by 277 associations. Railroad
branches number 77, and boys' departments 162. Substantial progress is
shown by the statement as a whole.
INCREASING WEALTH OF THE ASSOCIATIONS.
The buildings owned by the local associations are valued at $6,829,395; furniture, $688,136; libraries, $388,517,
the volumes numbering 385,728, the
figures showing a remarkable advance,.
The increase in associations reporting
has been in ten years about 33 percent.;
in the Bible classes, 100 per cent.; the
aggregate membership 200 per cent., a
fact having an important bearing on the
increase in what are called secular
agencies. The increase in the total net
value of property, real and personal, is
$6,600,000. Another indication of growth
is the change in the quality of the secretarial force. Sixty-one young men are
now connected with the Springfield
school, taking wholly or partially the
two years' course, most of them with
their instructors attending the convention.
The report goes on to speak of the instruction in gymnastics, noting that
most of the teachers are now Christian
men. In relation to finance it is pointed out that the demand for assistance
in securing building funds and building
calls for a longer time of service in particular localities than was formerly given.
In California, for example, one man
could be employed in the matter of buildings for an entire year. Prolonged absence from home calls for expense, and
the Committee will need an addition to
the budget this year of $12,000, and as
much more the year following. Publications, correspondence and offices in
New York are additional items of expense, the committee having removed
from the rooms furnished without charge
by the association in that city.
IMPORTANT SUGGESTIONS SUBMITTED.
An increase of the funds annually
placed at the disposal of the committee,
to the sum of $65,000 is asked in view
of the growing magnitude and importance of the specific fields of effort open
to it, viz.: at the East and Northeast,
at the West and Northwest, on the
Pacific coast, at the South and Southwest, in the Dominion of Canada,
among the colored young men, among
railroad men, among German and
other young men speaking foreign languages, among students in colleges,
among commercial travellers. General
visitation of the better organized fields,
including attendance at State and local
conventions. The work at the central
office, including correspondence and
the distribution of printed and written information through circulars and
the newspapers. And, as of special importance, the secretarial department of
the work, including attention to the provision of gymnasium instructors.—
Y.
Young Men's Work,
Volume 47, No. 7.]
Annual Sermon on Home Missions,
-
THE FRIEND.
there were forty missionary couples at After all that God has done here, can we
in the field, and nearly all the doubt that this is a land very dear to
younger people had learned to read the Him? Are we presumptuous in cherishsacred book. The zeal of missionaries ing the assurance that He has in store
here, and the enthusiasm of the support- wonderful blessings for the nation dwelers at home had been followed by un- ling and to dwell in this fair, bright land?
precedented blessings from Heaven. A All the past seems to entitle us to believe
Pentecostal outpouring of the Spirit that the Lord has most favorable designs
had been given, and the people had toward us here, and to justify us in apcrowded as it were en masse into the propriating to ourselves this command
church. The entire nation had become to take no rest, and to give the Lord no
in strong conviction, Christian, and had rest, until he establish and make our
yielded itself with eager zeal to Christ- Hawaiian Jerusalem a praise in the
ian instruction and guidance. Under earth.
With all our marvellous prosperity
that guidance, the nation speedily assumed the forms of civilized society and and with an exceptionably large spiritual
Constitutional government. The insti- growth and progress on the whole, we
tutions and the order of a high and pure deeply feel that our Hawaiian churches
Christian civilization were then planted, like most other in Christian lands, have
those which we confidently believe are not been altogether a praise in the earth.
to be developed, perfected, and perpetu- Much indeed can be said in their praise.
ated.
Their devoutness, their generous liberHere we see an extraordinary expen- ality, their activity in church erection,
diture of spiritual power upon this little their contributions in men and money
nation by both human and Divine agen- to foreign missionary work, their earncies working together. We see marvel- est fellowship, and their grateful and
lous results very early realized, and still loving regard for their missionary teachcontinuing to exist and be fruitful. ers have indeed distinguished them.
Herein we seem to be justified in regard- Yet some unhappy habits and practices
ing the Hawaiian Islands as one of inherited from old heathen life, and havthose rare and peculiar strategic points ing the persistence of hereditary nature,
chosen by the King of Righteousness for have deformed the beauty of their Christthe manifestation of his power and for ian life, and tarnished the luster of their
the high and special culture of his piety. The social corruptions prevailing,
church as a center of spiritual force. If not only outside of the churches, but
ever there was a Jerusalem and a Zion also among many of their members, are
on earth outside of Palestine which has morally and physically corrosive to our
enjoyed and still enjoys the marks of population, and in their tendencies desGod's choice and peculiar blessings in tructive to society. These evils continue
things both spiritual and temporal, that as of old to decimate the Hawaiian peoJerusalem is certainly here in Hawaii. ple, and to menace their ultimate exThere has not shone among us any vis- tinction. They also corrupt character
ible Shekinah glory; nor have the sacred and impairpurity and intelligence among
steps of God's incarnate Son trodden all classes and races living here. Yet
these lovely shores to make them a Holy despite these prevalent evils in the HaLand. But there have been wonderful waiian community, we have fullest asmanifestations of Heavenly power, from surance that in their churches there is a
which all our present well-being as a large amount of earnest and consecrated
community has come. There have been piety. We should be so lovingly tolerstrange Pentecostal displays of the Di- ant to the infirmities our Lord's less
vine presence in the assemblies of the trained and less enlightened disciples as
people. Fifty-two years ago I saw the not to doubt that there are large numgreat Ewa church overflowing with two bers of truly devout and earnest Christthousand solemn listeners crowding all ians in these native churches, even
the wide verandahs, while the preacher among those who often stumble and
spoke in an inspiration exalted far above often fall into these sins from which
his natural gifts, in tones of supernatu- they lack all our safeguards of early habit,
ral power. Soon half the church yard of home.training, and of a powerful and
was covered in with lanai, where once searching public sentiment. What are
six thousand came together. There— we that we should judge them as lackhow I remember it as if yesterday—l ing religion? Do the esteemed memsaw the missionary administer baptism bers of our churches give way to no
to four hundred converts in one mem- habitual sins? Pride, arrogance, injusorable day, naming each one by a new tice, covetousness, worldly vanity, unMany other missionaries had truth, implacable anger, and all those
name.
the like and much greater experiences. manifold sins which do not work forfeit
I think of that sacred year of God's of one's place in society, how common
power with awe. Indeed this is holy these are among us, and how easily we
ground, where the Divine presence and condone them in our general estimate
power have been manifested as rarely of Christian character; since they inflict
elsewhere on earth. These great doings no social stigma, we easily charge them
of the Lord in the past are not to be for- to the broad account of human infirmgotten, but ever remembered, and to be ity. Other and grosser sins, which work
recounted to our children's children. no such forfeit of reputation and inflict
Preached in Central UnionChurch, Honolulu, June 9, 1889. work
By Rev. S. E. Bishop.
"Ye that are the Lord's remembrancers, take
no rest, and gfae him no rest, till he establish.
and till he niaku Jerusalem ;i praise in the earth."
Isaiah, tii:li, 7.
Why may we not reverently, yet boldly adopt these glowing words, and apply
them to ourselves as Christ's workers,
and to the churches and people of these
Hawaiian Islands? As was forcibly set
before us last Sabbath evening, the
Lord had chosen Israel for his inheritance. He had selected that little nation
to be the center and seed-ground of his
spiritual operations upon this globe.
Through the long Old Testament centuries he concentrated his work of revelation and redemption upon Palestine.
He chose Judah and Jerusalem for
choice and peculiar religious culture,
that they might learn somewhat to know
the Lord, and so become qualified in
their turn to make him known to all
mankind. It was his desire that his
church as planted at Jerusalem should
grow into maturity and beauty. He
wanted it to become " established,"
and be "a praise in the earth." Therefore should God's earnest working people,those especially called to his spiritual work, be intensely solicitous to gain
the accomplishment of this great end.
They should set themselves to it, and
take no rest from their exertions to gain
this noble result. They should give the
Lord no rest, but be unceasing and importunate in their petitions to him to inspire and prosper the spiritual work,
until Jerusalem, or the visible community of God's people, became strong and
predominant, and over all the earth
famed for its honor and sanctity, its
beauty and purity.
The fulfillment of this prophetic desire
has not yet arrived in any completeness
to old Jerusalem or to any considerable
portion of Christ's visible church. We
cannot yet tell whether it will ever
have any especial fulfillment to that city
on Judea's hills, or to that wonderful
race of Israel scattered through many
lands. It is common expectation that
in a perhaps soon-coming day the
churches of the Lord will cast aside
their impeding weights and their benumbing sins, and will stand forth in
their true heritage of strength and beauty,
in the full power of the Holy Spirit, and
likeness to their Lord. It is certain that
every community of churches in the
world should cherish such an ideal, and
should press forward to realize it.
It seems as if no community of Christian people in the world had a clearer
call to take these words of the text to
ourselves than we. That wonderfully
strong and concentrated application of
spiritual force which marked Jehovah's
work for Israel has had something like
its counterpart here. Fifty years ago,
when after nineteen years of missionary
labor our Hawaiian Bible was completed,
59
THE FRIEND.
60
no such stigma among Hawaiians as large a proportion have been baptized
they do among us, why should we re- this year past, as have been gathered
quire their genuine Christians to be into all the Protestant churches in Japan
proof against those? For these our less from the beginning, considering the
enlightened, less trained brothers and ratio of their membership to the populasisters in Christ, those who know tion of the Empire. A somewhat simithem best learn to exercise a kind, a lov- lar ratio might be shown to exist in the
ing, a tender allowance. So may our ease of our Chinese Christians. Why
gracious Lord and Divine Friend tender- should it not be so? These people come
ly and compassionately deal with us, out from an almost unbroken gloom of
who are so much more privileged in the heathenism into these high lights of our
knowledge of His, will yet so faulty and strong Christian communities. Surely
it has been for such a duty and such an
so wayward.
It is nevertheless the inexorable truth honor and joy as this that the Lord has
that such sins as have always been pre- called and ordained us of Hawaii, that
valent and tolerated in Hawaiian Society we shall hold up a great light in this
are very fatal to social health, very ad- mid-Pacific, whither men of many naverse to spiritual progress.
Unless tions may come and learn of their King
they can be powerfully antagonized ami and Redeemer, may see what Christ can
efficiently repressed, society cannot be do to lift up men, aud make them pure
and noble, and so themselves be won to
in a healthy and prosperous condition
a deadly leprosy will continue to pervade his allegiance.
Then it is our first need to kindle and
society and to consume its vitals. Under the now existing conditions of a wide brighten our light, so that all people who
prevalence of Sorcery and Impurity I do come here ma)- be enlightened. We
not see a satisfactory prospect of aperpet- want our churches to be made strong,
uation of our native race, nor does it seem pure, healthy, holy. We want the clear,
to me that civilized and Christian society living light of Christ to shine through
here can be said to be so "established," all these his witnesses in a stead}- luster
that it is not in much peril, although that shall be of matchless power for
great good is undoubtedly in progress, conversion to truth and holiness upon
and souls are constantly being brought all nun coming to sojourn among us.
under Christ's healing power, and stray All these churches, white or native, aie
Christ's ordained witness to his truth.
ing steps turned heavenward.
We are sometimes reminded, and it is The_\- are his organized force for the imwell spoken, we cannot be too fully p,ulation and propagation of his truth.
A painful sensation was created the
awake to the fact, that this group eon
stitutes a grand strategic point which other day in this city when it was rethe Lord has occupied and fortified in ported that the large beacon light at
his progressive conquest of the kingdoms Barbel's point had become so obscured
of the world; that we stand on the great one night by sea-spray drying on the
highway of the nations where the com- lantern that its powerful ray had dwinmercial routes of vast empires meet ami dled to a glimmer. Who could tell
cross; that Hawaii is the one chief west- what costly ships might strand on those
ward outpost of Christendom thrown reefs for lack of that beacon? Are not
forward towards the realms of the rising the Christian churches of Hawaii a
sun. We already find ourselves in the great beacon light set by our Lord and
forefront of the battle with the ancient King for guidance to the people? What
systems of Asiatic paganism. From if OUT light is dimmed and darkened? A
China and Japan we already have a male great responsibility is upon us.
population much exceeding that of our Let us glance at some points in the
native Hawaiians. These people have Home Mission woik among our Island
largely come to stay; we trust that they churches and parishes which seem most
are yet to help us spiritually as well as clearly to call for vigorous labor and exin material things, to form serviceable penditure. Foremost, I think we may
stones in the building of our Christian see, is the invigoration of our pastoral
society. But they must be enlightened and ministerial force. A good organiwith the light of Christ, they must bow zation of churches we already have.
to the supremacy of the Lord Jesus, or They are manned by a body of pastors
they can form no helpful constituent of of a degree of ability and piety far more
our Christian civilization. In fact, it is than adequate for the service that they
our accepted belief that these Asiatic are actually accomplishing. These good
people have been sent here in order to men need a large amount of special aid
learn of Christ from us. We seem to and encouragement. They are hampersee that the Lord has so wonderfully ed I))- deep poverty. In many cases
made known his name and gathered his they are worn with toil to subsist their
churches here for this very end among families, and lack strength for pastoral
others, that Hawaiian Christianity may duties. In their poverty they are often
become one of the most efficient dis- in fear of perverse and wicked church
pensers of light to the darkness of East- members, and so are unable to preach
ern Asia. How wonderfully this past and labor against crying evils. These
year has the Lord wrought among us good and devoted men must be aided by
for the conversion of the Japanese! Of those who are so well able to do this.
our Japanese people here, tenfold as The island of Kauai has already set the
.
—
July,1889.
example by the organization of a Pastor's
aid society, through which contributions
to this good work have been very wisely
and effectively distributed, The churches are encouraged to raise their pastors'
salaries by promises of subsidies in
doing so, and hearty efforts in the
chinches have been elicited in this way.
Parsonages having been built, the Aid
Society undertakes to furnish them.
In many other ways the native pastors
are assisted, and their efficiency promoted, and the native and foreign Christisns feel the bond of mutual kindness
and help. It is to be hoped that similar
Pastor's Aid Societies will speedily be
formed on the other islands, availing
themselves of the happy experience of
Kauai, and that a very liberal support
will be given them. All that we can do
to promote the activity and efficiency of
the Native Pastorate, will more effectively build up all the churches under
their care than any other agency.
Working in another way to the same
end of pastoral efficiency will be our
new missionaries from the American
Board, whose leading work will be in
spiritual aid and counsel to the pastors
and their churches. One able and experienced man has already arrived whose
earnest spirit is a great refreshment to
us. We hope for more soon to follow.
These men must be liberally supported
out of such means as tlie Lord has bestowed upon his more favored followers.
The native pastors have already given
a happy and unanimous welcome to'
Let us cooperate
Mr. Wcstervelt.
abundantly in their work.
Full provision must be made for filling and recruiting the ranks of our native ministry. Such provision is now
seriously deficient. Our head of the X.
P. M. Institute, who has done such a
noble work, and borne such heavy burHe cannot
dens, needs more help.
always carry such a load. I wish he
had a coadjutor, who could take half his
seminary work and care, before he succumbs to the pressure. He has been
laboriously striving to gather a very
moderate sum to decently house this
important school. How can a better
investment be made for the Lord's
work than in putting this indispensable
and most successful school of the prophets into a fitting condition?
How are recruits to be found for the
institute, candidates for training for the
ministry? The most important feeder
for supplying trained and devout young
men, has been and is the Hilo Boarding
School. This school is now languishing through poverty ( although eminently successful and prosperous in its work.
Such a school is the creation of generations of faithful missionary work under
the blessings of the Spirit of God. It
calls for your liberal help. Its failure
would be a most disastrous loss to our
churches and to the supply of our Pastoral Force.
Your are already conversant with the
Volume 47, No. 7.]
THE
needs and the inestimable service of our
various Boarding and Training Schools
for both sexes, and have learned to be
generous in their maintenance. Every
year will call for larger expenditure upon
these in which lies so much of the nation's hope.
There still lie before us the great
and ever enlarging fields of evangelizing
labor for the immigrant races. In this
work our churches have already shown
a high activity, and a zeal that is continually bringing its own reward to the
earnest workers. Yet we can see how
much more might be done and ought to
be done at once. Our missionary to the
Chinese ought by this time to be supported by one or more coadjutors to help
in the enlarging work, while he himself
should receive an adequate stipend,
without need of recourse to privatemeans. These Chinese schools and
churches are prospering and constantly
pushing for extension. Shall they be
cramped for lack of funds, as they
have been ? Considering the great
ness of our opportunity here, how small
our past performance!
Never was there a more successful
and fruitful work for the Lord that that
which in now going on for the Japanesepeople. It has not been costly to us.
We ought to do more for it. It will inevitably need a great deal of help.
So I might go on and point out this
and the other call for support in the
various branches of the Lord's work.
Our more prosperous Christians have
been largely called upon in past years,
and have responded to the call as I believe, far beyond what is generally found
in Christian churches. We may indeed
greatly rejoice in the liberality of our
prosperous Christians. They have been
learning to give, and have tasted much
of the luxury of giving. It now seems
as if our Lord and King were calling on
you to find a yet higher satisfaction in
more abundant tribute. It has been a
year of unwonted financial prosperity.
Your means have been greatly augmented of late, and now the call comes
is it not a clear and loud call ?—for you
to deal generously by the Lord's work
even as He has dealt graciously with you.
Do this, and doubt not that He will
greatly bless you. He will build you up
spiritually. These renovated and spiritually enriched churches all over the
Islands will in their turn impart to you
and yours of their own spiritual increase.
All things seem this year to point to
a "new departure " in spiritual activity
and in church growth and prosperity.
Reinforced in personal strength of workers, invigorated by sufficient means,
shall we not confidently ask and expect
the one essential help of God's Holy
Spirit without which all other expenditure and toil remain unproductive, but
which help is never withheld from the
prayers of Christ's workers?
Let us then take no rest, brethren,
from these holy labors and this sacred
-
61
FRIEND.
tribute, and let us give the Lord no
rest, until as the years of effort and
gifts and prayers go on we see him establishing this our Hawaiian Jerusalem,
and making her a praise in the earth.
Then shall bis word be fulfilled unto us,
"Arise: shine; for thy light is come,
and the glory of the Lord is risen upon
thee."
Annual Meeting of the W. B. M. P. I.
The Woman's Board held their Annual Meeting the first week in June.
On Tuesday afternoon, about forty ladies
met in the ladies' parlor of the Central
Union Church. Afrer the regular monthly business, the reports of the Home and
Foreign .Secretaries were read. The
foreign correspondence has been rather
small this year. A few letters from
members abroad and from Micronesia.
The Home Secretary g;ive reports from
the Maui branch, which has been in a
very flourishing Condition during the
past year; also from the Hilo branch.
These are the only places outsice of
Honolulu, where regular meetings are
maintained. The Secretary of the
Gleaners, Mrs. E. C. Damon, presented
their report; and Mrs. Coan that of the
Helping Hand. Both of these are Auxiliary Societies. Mrs. Miyama was
present and gave an interesting account
of their work among the Japanese. Mrs.
J. M. Cooke read a paper, a memorial
of Mrs. M. A. Alexander, giving quite a
full account of her missionary life, Mrs.
A. was for main- years a Vice-President
of our Board. Miss M. A. Chamberlain read a touching memorial of our
much missed member, Mrs. L. F. Dickson. Both of these papers will be found
in the printed report. By request, this
was followed by the singing of the
Hymn ".Some Sweet Day, Bye and
Bye," by Mrs. E. C. Damon and Miss
M. Beck with. Business reported by
Committees followed and the meeting
was closed with the Doxology.
The second session was held in the
vestry of C. U. Church, taking the place
of the Monthly Concert. Mrs. S. M.
Damon had decorated the room very
beautifully. Mrs. H. Bingham presiding; the opening exercises of prayer
and Scripture reading were by Rev. E.
G, Beckwith. Treasurer's Report was
presented by Mrs. J. M.Whitney, Treasurer pro tern, showing a balance of $145
in the Treasury. Mrs. S. E. Bishop,
Recording Secretary, gave quite a full
account of the girl's school on Ponape,
as represented by Miss Fletcher during
her recent visit here, on her way to the
States. Also extracts from letters written by Miss Palmer and Miss Dr. Ingersol with a brief sketch of the Home
Work among Hawaiians and Chinese.
A selected choir of girls from Kawaiahao Seminary sung an Anthem very
sweetly.
Thirteen little Chinese girls recited
texts of Scripture and portions of
Hymns, closing by singing "Jesus
Loves Me," in English and Chinese.
Miss Mary E. Green presented her
reyort of Home Evangelistic Work,
Mrs. F. W. Damon that of Chinese
Work, both of which were exceedingly
interesting and appear in full in the
printed report.
The Anthem "From the Cross Up
Lifted High," was sung by Mrs. E. C.
Damon and others. The closing address of the President Mrs. H. Bingham was upon the "Work of Woman
for Women," as shown in the various
Boards now in operation, showing how
the work began, and how it has been
carried forward. Benediction by Rev.
E. G. Porter of Lexinton, Mass.
The Annual Tea-Party given by the
Woman's Board to the members of the
Evangelical Association, was held on
Thursday from 4to 6 P.M. About two
hundred guests were present. The cordial hand-shaking and -aloha, testified to
the good will prevailing. A bountiful
repast of coffee and other refreshments
gave social cheer. This was followed
by programme, opened with prayer by
the venerable Dr. Lowell Smith. Mrs.
Bingham gave an address of welcome
in Hawaiian. Dr. Hyde by request of
Mrs. Bingham was in charge of these
exercises. He called upon Judge Judd,
Mr. P. C. Jones, Rev. O. Emerson,
Rev. W. Westervelt; Rev. E. G. Porter,
a young Chinese teacher, Mr. Ban, a
Japanese, Rev. S. Desha, Rev. Nawahine, and a Gilbert Island teacher; for
speeches, which were all happy in expression and met with cheerful response.
Intersperse was selected, music by the
Theological Students accompanied on
the piano by their instructor, Mrs. Hyde.
Also singing of Hymns in which all
joined. Closed by singing "In the Cross
of Christ I Glory."
As evening drew on the company
broke up, all ready to say, that they
were taking away pleasant remembrances.
Cornelia A. Bishop,
Recording Secretary.
Punchbowl.
IRead at Oahu College, June 19th, by Ellen Bit knell. I
We take pleasure in printing the following essay, by a young student*of
Oahu College, both as a specimen of the
scientific work being done under Professor Lyons, and for its great intrinsic
interest.
Punchbowl was so named because its
circular shape and the crater in the top
give it some resemblance to a great
bowl. Being situated directly back of
Honolulu, Punchbowl is a familiar sight
to all, and many have been to the top to
see the beautiful view which it affords.
Standing on the summit, one can see
for miles about him in every direction.
In front the town, harbor and the ocean
are seen, at the left Waikiki and Dia-
62
mond Head, to the right the Waianae
mountains in the distance, and to the
north Nuuanu and Pauoa valleys and
the mountains. Altogether it is a view
at which few can -keep from exclaiming
in admiration.
Under the supervision of the government a good carriage road is being
made around the inner edge of the
crater and running in a long, easy grade
down the east side. It reaches the plain
just beyond Lunalilo Home, when, turning to the south, it joins a street. Before long the townspeople and tourists
will be able to enjoy the beautiful view
without first having to undergo a toilsome climb. A drawback to the full enjoyment of the drive may result from the
fact that the soil is soft and deep, so
that it will be impossible to drive fast.
Though many persons have climbed
Punchbowl, doubtless only a few have
thought to examine at all its geological
structure, so that even a very meagre and
imperfect description may be of some
interest.
Punchbowl is a tufa cone, whose
highest point is about 500 feet above
the level of the ocean.
Like nearly all tufa cones, the sides
of Punchbowl are steep; almost everywhere they are thickly covered with
lantana bushes, making it uncomfortable
to stray far from the paths.
When disintegration began, the loosened particles were carried by the winds
and rains from the steep slopes to the
level plain.
But in the bottom of the crater the
decomposed rock remained, forming a
soil so deep that a small forest of algaroba trees is growing well in it.
A few weeks ago, some boys discovered what they thought were fossil
shells. Investigation, however, showed
that they belonged to the shellfish so
commonly eaten by the natives, and
that there were tell-tale bits of charcoal
close by, the remains of a fire at which
they had probably been roasted.
No doubt the shells had been taken
there by natives, and it may be only a
few years' ago, since there was also
found with them the flint of an old
musket.
A short distance below the flagstaff is
the entrance of a cave. It is said that
in, old times the natives were in the
habit of placing their sacrifices on the
ledges around this cave, because they
believed that the spirits came up through
it. It is to this practice that the hill
owes its native name, "Puuowaina."
How far in the cave extends and whether
it was formed by nature or by man I am
not able to say. The side of the hill
just beneath it had been cut away to
make the road, and had raised the opening so far above our heads that we were
unable to reach it.
The point on which the flagstaff
stands differs from the rest of the crater
in consisting of genuine lava. Some of
this is compact and highly crystalline, and
THE FRIEND.
July, 1889.
some, like the lava which boils up in the have become lined with crystals. I
crater of Halemaumau, is red and frothy found that they were of two kinds; one
because of the oxidation of its iron. The kind which is easily acted on by HCI
lava did not spread but was heaped up consists of a carbonate of lime. The
until it formed a large mound. The other crystal is not attacked by HCI, but
workmen have cut down about 15 feet is probably some silicate.
into the mound and exposed specimens
These crystals are not found in the
of lava which look so fresh it is hard to bombs alone, but have been deposited
believe they are several hundred years also in crevices and openings in the
tufa, and well illustrate the beginning of
old.
Following down the hillside in almost metamorphic action.
a straight line from this point, and a
The ditch which has recently been cut
little to the east of the path, one comes near the foot of Punchbowl gives a fine
upon a fine dike. At this place the tufa opportunity for studying the structure of
cracked open and allowed melted lava the rocks. We find in following it that
to ooze out to a height of two or three' the nature of the rocks changes suddenfeet. The lava is black, solid and very ly. Rocks which are very much decomhard, but though the tufa on each side posed being in contact with solid rocks
is thoroughly baked by contact with the indicating that the latter are of a later
molten rock, there are no signs of meta- formation.
morphic change. Other dikes besides
In one place we find a layer of black
this are to be found on Punchbowl. volcanic sand overlaid with white ash.
The widest point of this one measures
On a low, sloping bank, was a small
barely two feet, while for some distance patch of pure white ash, which was very
delicately veined, resembling the veins
near the point it is not an inch wide.
Three principal valleys have been in leaves. It was very pretty, but, I
worn down the front of Punchbowl by regret to say, so delicate that it was imerosion. In one of these, we discovered possible to get a good specimen. The
fossil shells, There were quite a num- veins had probably been formed by fine
ber, of not less than four species, but streams of water trickling through the
for lack of a proper implement with earth just above.
which to dig them out, we were unable
In one place a valley had been worn
to get many.
by erosion, but afterwards filled up
These shells are of a different kind again, perhaps because an earthquake
from any now found on the mountains. had turned the water of the stream into
The rock in which they were imbedded is a new channel.
a sort of conglomerate, consisting of
To those who are interested in geology,
tufa cemented together with carbonate and understand it, almost every feature
of lime. Fossil shells of the same spe- in the cone has some meaning, and
cies, and in the same sort of formation much more could be said on this subject
have been found also on Diamond if there was time for further study.
Head.
In the examination of the rocks, let Address of the Retiring President of the
us begin at the quarry. Here the strata
Hawaiian Mission Children's Society,
are easily seen, and are quite distinct
Key. W. B. Oleson.
and regular. The angle of the dip is
not great, being from about 6° to 10°.
OUR HERITAGE AND OUR INSPIRATION.
The strata at the quarry, which is in a
God gives no man work to do without
spur of the cone, dip toward the west.
On Punchbowl itself the dip is at a giving abundant inspiration to sustain
much greater angle and generally away and stimulate him in all his endeavors.
from the cone. The rocks on the sur- Where an urgent duty exists, there likeface are very much broken up, so that wise exists alongside it an adequate inlarge pieces can easily be detached with spiration, to call out the highest type of
the fingers. They also have a jointed consecration and endeavor. Not infrestructure, and in the joints has frequently quently an obligation holds within itself,
been deposited a thin layer of white in embryo, latent power of invigoration
material, which glitters in the sun like and sustenance that are waiting for concrystals of salt. The color of the rocks secrated purpose to unfold and develop
and the kind of material of .which they their beneficence. We inherit obligaare formed vary greatly in successive tions, but we inherit the inspiration to
beds. In some the rock is fine-grained hold us true to such responsibilities, and
and seems to have been formed from to kindle into fresh glow our consecravolcanic ashes, but in others it is coarse- tion to the Master's service.
It is to such an obligation and to such
grained, being composed of volcanic
an inspiration that I wish to direct your
sand and cinders.
There are more than a dozen kinds of attention this evening. Exceptional oprock in the formation of Punchbowl, a portunities for personal effort and for
united Christian service are presenting
soft brown rock predominating.
Imbedded in the soft rock are bombs, themselves, and the obligation rests
that is, masses of rock which have been heavily upon this organization as one of
thrown when only partly melted into the the agencies for sustaining Christian
soft tufa. They are very hard and are effort in these islands, to seize the opfull of small cavities, many of which portunity and to recover for Protestant
THE FRIEND.
Christianity somewhat of its former
prestige here.
It is beginning to be mooted in our
magazine literature whether Protestantism possesses permanent elements of
success as a missionary force. There
are indications here both in the present
status of our Hawaiian churches and in
the comparative feebleness with which
our Protestant agencies cope with the
problem of evangelizing the non-Christian elements in our population that, in
the minds of certain writers, of the Canon Taylor class, are proef positive of the
decadent influence of Protestantism as a
missionary agency. But we, who are
acquainted with the situation, know well
enough that this condition oT things is
not indicative of inherent weakness in
our religion but rather of a woeful absence of adequate forces to give proper
impact to the power of our faith.
There should be no disheartenment
because there is so much about us needing to be done that is not being done.
Protestantism having made signal
triumphs in these islands that have
thrilled the world, is not going to flicker
out now like an exhausted candle.
What it has done is the measure of what
it can do, and what it must do toward
the redemption of this land for Christ.
It is puerile to say or think that the
power which has wrought such changes
here in the past sixty years is not equal
to the task of coping successfully with
the altered conditions of Christian endeavor now. Our Protestant agencies
need to be rehabilitated, not superseded.
The present movement to introduce new
missionaries into this field, so auspici-
ously begun, is indicative of an aroused
sense of obligation; and in the light of
the historical development of Christianity, the arousal of the sense of obligation for work needing to be done has always been the precursor of a definite
advance and triumph of Christian forces.
When Christian conscience is fairly
awakened to the pressure of obligation,
evangelistic enterprises in every direction feel the impetus and flow of new
life.
Let us look anew at the- obligations
pressing upon this community and upon
this Society as a missionary organization. These obligations are known to
us all, none being present this evening
who have not in greater or less measure
felt their burden, bnt it is well that we
look at them once more as we pause for
a moment at the threshold of another
year's outlook.
There can certainly be no greater
obligation resting upon us as our inheritance from the past than that we should
see to it that the conquests of other
years are not lost through default. It
is essential to the integrity of Protestant
missions the world around that the
scenes of former triumphs of the Gospel
in the Hawaiian Islands should not become the scene of signal defeat. The
obligation is a very strenuous one that
the successes of Protestant endeavor in sionaries was sufficient to justify the
the past should be conserved in the in- sacrifice and life-long devotion of those
terests of the human souls who are to be fearless men and women, the opportunredeemed and sustained in Christian liv- ity bequeathed to us to take up the
ing. It is matter also of vital concern agencies which once wrought so wonderto existing Christian institutions here, (ul a work of grace here contains in itand to the continuance of a fruitful and self an obligation no less imperative
vigorous piety among such as are al- than the original call to the missionary
ready Christian believers, that the past fathers to cast their lot in this island
should be eclipsed even by an aggressive kingdom. I believe there is no question
and conquering faith and zeal. But it as to the wisdom of that early consecrais above all of utmost importance to the tion of able men and women to the work
cause of Protestant Christian missions of the Redeemer in this isolated and
everywhere that there should be no re- comparatively insignificant portion of
trograde movement here, but that, on the our great teeming world. I believe that
contrary, there should be tangible and it is regarded as a masterly stroke of
abundant evidence of the value and con- Christian strategy that here in the highstancy of Protestantism as a missionary way of the nations a Christian civilizaforce.
tion has been planted and nurtured until
The fact has been published world- now its beneficent influence is recognized
wide by missionary organizations that gratefully in other lands. It is certainly
the Hawaiian Islands have become no less the part of wisdom and Christian
Christianized, as undoubtedly they have, generalship to hold for Christ what has
and the fact has been dwelt upon as a been so signally won for him, and no
motive to the speedy culmination of mis- less imperative that able and consecrated
sionary effort in other lands. Mean- men and women who can labor to great
while the gradual disappearance of the purpose, for instance, in a land like
forces that brought about the great Japan, much as the early missionaries
transformation in life here has effected here might have done had their steps
a most natural result, and visitors from been guided thither, should heed the call
abroad discover that the glowing de- to continue the effectiveness of Christian
scriptions of the former days are not a agencies among the Hawaiian people.
truthful representation of the present The fathers won a place in the confiestate of Protestant Christian effort in dence and affection of the native race
these islands. Thus the honor of all by their real and abiding interest in
who have had part in the redemptive Hawaiians as men and women in need
Work of other years is at stake, and of salvation and justly entitled to the
every mission enterprise in the world is expenditure of whatever talent and
vitally affected by the status of Protes- strength and means were at command
tant missions here. Hence there is an in promoting evangelical piety among
exceedingly strenuous obligation resting them. A pressing obligation rests upon
upon all concerned to see to it that the this Christian community and upon each
conquests of other years are net lost and every man and woman who would
through default.
hope to accomplish real and abiding
There is likewise an-urgent obligation results among Hawaiians to manifest
in the opportunities conveyed to us from the same kindly interest and to be as
the past. This is not new mission transparently devoted to their spiritual
ground, where standing room must be welfare as were those who captured this
secured for Christian truth, and where people by their self-sacrificing love. The
agencies for Christian effort must be victories of grace in the years to come
newly organized, and where all the as in the years that are gone will follow
foundation work of Christian institutions victories of love and of kindly interest
is yet to be laid. On the contrary there and bearing toward those for whom the
has come down to us a heritage of special evangelistic effort now contemChristian opportunity in the established plated is intended.
It is one of the incidental evils of the
agencies for Christian effort, in the access afforded Gospel truth to the mass social development of our foreign white
of the people, in the prestige of previous population that the ties which bound the
conquests of the word of God, and in early foreign residents to the native race
the hospitable welcome which our Ha- are being sundered. In no direction is
waiian brethren are waiting to extend to this more apparent than in the religious
reinforcements from abroad. This is development of our various island comour opportunity, and it should be seized munities. The foreign church work,
in a spirit of the largest devotion to the varied and important beyond what is
world-wide interests of Christ's King- usual in communities of like size elsedom. Paul and Luke and Mark re- where, absorbs the energies and sympasponded to the call which sent them far thies of foreign Christians in no small
hence to the Gentiles, but Peter and degree, and consequently draws away
James and John abode at Jerusalem from the native churches, in greater or
strengthening that which remained of less degree, the fellowship and assistance
true religion among the Jewish nation which were so essential and beneficent
and fanning it into the glow of Christian in the early days.
purpose. If the call which brought to
There have been other causes which
these islands the early American mis- it is not necessary to allude to here, that
THE FRIEND
have interrupted the former relations of
cordiality between foreigners and natives.
It is only necessary in this connection to
call attention to the.gradual disappearance of the causes which have led to this
condition of things, and to the evident
ushering in of a better era of confidence
and good feeling. It is specially opportune to give play now to those kindly
sentiments which characterized the days
when Hawaiian church-life was at its
best. A neglect to meet the obligation
which the present opportunity offers,
may, and probably will, seriously endanger the state of religion in all our
churches, foreign as well as native. The
reflex blessing of a good deed done is
not more sure than the reflex damage
resulting from an obligation not met.
I do not need to emphasize these
obligations, for they are recognized and
their urgency realized by the membership of this society. I call attention to
them anew that the spirit to meet them,
which is abundantly apparent, may be
stimulated and sustained by a consideration of the sources of inspiration which
are included in this inheritance of responsibility. And first, I would direct
your attention to the inspiration which
should come to us in the thought that in
a preeminent sense the work of evangelizing Hawaii nei is our work. I do not
mean by this the work solely of this
society, nor in the best sense do I mean
by this the work of any organization
here at the islands. Rather, I mean the
personal responsibility and service of
Christian foreigners. In the arrangements of God's Providence he has
brought it about that there should be
residing in the Hawaiian Islands at this
time of special evangelistic need, a body
of intelligent men and women, of like
faith and purpose with the early laborers
here, who are ready to assume obligations of no mean proportions and to
sustain every wise gospel effort hy gifts
and prayer. In God's Providence we
are here, many as heirs by blood, some
as heirs by the will of God, and being
here, and being, as we trust, obedient
unto the call of our inheritance, this is
our work.
This, indeed, should likewise be our
inspiration. There is an ownership in
obligation that is its own stimulus. For
there is back of such obligation a tremendous pressure that, if we do not
meet the responsibility which appeals
with peculiar force to us, no one else is
likely to feel the force of the appeal in
anything like the same measure, nor
can they, in any event, meet the obligation so advantageously and with such
prospect of success. By a manful acceptance and discharge of responsibilities
•peculiarly our own, we shall attract help
from others. So much then is dependent on our attitude toward the resumption of missionary effort among Hawaiians, so much is possible in behalf of the
race by faithfulness on our part, and by
a dup recognition of the extent and bear-
ing of our responsibility that we ought the facings of his character and influence
to feel within us the promptings of a on Gospel effort at home and abroad.
high and holy enthusiasm.
The marching orders of the Christian
church are, "Disciple all nations." In
this vast undertaking Christian strategy
plays its part, but this evidently does,
not mean that the vantage points are all
in the midst of dense population or on
continental shores. No finer display of
missionary strategy lights up the horizon
of Christian conquest than the advent of
the early Christians on the coasts of
Britain. Isolated, barbarous, and apparently powerless to affect the destinies
of the world, Britain might easily have
been neglected in the onward movement
of Christian zeal. The world is propelled by ideas. The heroism of missionaries on islands in the Pacific has
electrified the Christian world and given
propulsion to mission work such as most
roseate tables of statistical growth in
India or Turkey or China have been
powerless to accomplish. A drifting
canoe-load of Micronesians in whose
hearts the Gospel of Christ has found
lodgement is picked up by a passing
vessel in mid-Pacific, carried to Asia
and thence to America on their way
back to their island home, affording an
illustration in their daily demeanor of
Christian fortitude and faithfulness that
has been rarely surpassed in the annals
of Christian dynamics.
There is inspiration for us in the
thought that, relatively, Christian effort
in these islands is so important and essential to the world's salvation. The
commercial and political importance of
the Hawaiian Islands is out of all proportion to area and population. Recent
complications in the Pacific have lent
fresh emphasis to the fact that this importance hinges-on location. It is this
fact which likewise makes these islands
so essential to the progress of Christian
ity in the world. A comparative!}' small
outlay of missionary funds and of missionary forces can be made to preempt
this land for Christ to the end of time.
A sustained and aggressive Christian
faith and practice in this mere speck on
the bosom of the broad Pacific makes
itself felt wherever steam or canvas
carries men over the sea. There can he-
One Christian life nobly lived here
makes its pulse-beat felt on-every ship
that leaves our shores, in every port
where the white wings of commerce
swell, in the teeming cities of inland
China, in circles of Japanese diplomacy,
in the city that looks out on the world
through Golden Gates, in the lone
islands to the west and south, in prosperous Australia, in distant mission
fields where weary hearts are nerved to
fresh endeavor by the story of faithful
occupancy of consecrated soil, in the
quiet homes which supply the means
and men to sustain the effort for the
world's redemption.
In our limited population the relative
value of individual souls in its bearing
on the character of our civilization, and
on the redemptive work of Christianity
abroad in the world is so great that it
should lend inspiration to every laborer
in the vineyard. What may be done in
the way of begetting Christian hope and
purpose in one heart here, is equivalent
in the total effect of Christian influence
to a like result in the hearts of ten in
inland China or Japan. A Christian
community of twenty thousand in India
or China or Japan does not begin to
measure the value and influence of such
a community in this highway of the
nations.
Our inheritance of responsibility is
great, but the sources of inspiration are
more than adequate to hold us to the
highest type of constancy in Christian
endeavor. Let no evil spirit of pessimism
rob us of our birth-right and defraud us
of our blessing.
HAWAIIAN
ALMANAC & ANNUAL
FOB 188©.
This regular and favorite publication
is now in iis fifteenth year, and has
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Address:
no such faith and practice worthy the
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even the suggestion of spiritual decadence close at hand. World-wide is the
THOS. C. THRUM,
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fei-88
Publisher, Honolulu.
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No. 130 Fort Street, near Hotel,
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Manufacturer o(
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HONOLULU, H. 1.,
JULY,
1889.
51
The Friend.
Number 7.
and deficiencies in the management had
to be corrected from time to time. In
the care of the lepers, and in the improvement of their condition the Government has always been active, and
very solicitous. The lepers themselves
were more or less influential people,
and never had any difficulty in making
their complaints heard and attended to.
Mr. Ballantyne represents the settlement as abandoned to disorder and
neglect nntil Father Damien's arrival in
1874 secured amelioration. The N. V,
Tribune enlarging upon this, says:"The
brutal indifference of the Hawaiian Government had thrust these poor creatures
away upon a barren peninsula." "Daddressof the Retiring President, etc
62 and cover
excessive estimates of Father Damien's mien found them a colony of men and
usefulness and heroism. The neces- women forgetting God and hating men,
Father Damien's Work.
sity of now abandoning this silence utterly wretched in body and mind, and
abandoned in their desperation to every
It is understood to be a very wise and arises from a flood of injurious misform of wickedness." "His labors in
prudent custom of the astute Papal statements which have been wrought
time transformed this nest of diseaseCourt to subject to a rigid scrutiny all into the undiscnminatirig encomiums
into a Christian commartyr-priest." These stricken savages
alleged claims of deceased worthies to upon the
munity."
saintship. For this purpose, a regular have had a wide circulation, and
Even our valued Christian Union joins
trial is instituted, and able lawyers set have found place in the columns of
the
calumnious crowd and says: "Thirto plead both for and against the can- many evangelical weeklies in America.
teen
years ago these villages were the
didate. The opposing counsel is known A chief source of these misstatements
of indescribable misery. The
homes
as advocatus diaboli, or the devil's ad- seems to have' been an article in LongGovernment
had adopted the barbarous
vocate. He brings up all possible facts man's Magazine, signed Arthur Ballanthat
the lepers could sustain
theory
adverse to the alleged sanctity of the tyne. The character of this article is
themselves."
" The miserable huts
holy person. Not infrequently he makes indicated by the exaggerated strain of
huddled
together,
filled with wretchedout his case; the supposed saint fails to its opening sentence; "Perhaps no spot
which greeted him
ness
and
debauchery
be canonized by the Papal authority, on the face of the earth can equal
he
landed in 1873, have now been
and the defout are forbidden any longer for concentrated misery and hopeless as
(through his efforts) by
to pray to him, or to believe in the horror" the leper settlement on Molo- supplanted
neat
cottages."
kai. What of cancer-hospitals, peniten- groups of
miracles wrought at his shrine.
"Father Damien took up first the
As may be supposed, the advocatus tiaries, insane asylums? To such, Kadiaboli has an invidious task. He is lawao is a Paradise. The unfortunate question of sufficient food, and as a reapt to become a somewhat unpopular lepers are commonly disfigured more or sult of his importunities the Hawaiian
person. We by no means propose to less, some of them maimed; advanced Government arranged that food supplies
perform the duties of this objectionable cases«xist where there is great debility shonld be sent at regular intervals to the
functionary in the case of good Father and some pain, rarely acute. The mal- island." "Through his representations
Damien, concerning whom such a flood ady is mostly painless. The people are and under his personal direction, the
of eulogy has recently pervaded the exempt from the cares and anxieties of Government has comfortably housed
English and American press. In this life. They are commonly better housed the colony, Father Damien himself havcountry, where his work was performed, and fed than in their former homes. In ing built many of the houses."
those encomiums seem to be generally a lovely spot, once the favorite abode of
In the foregoing extracts the grossest
and
with
abundant
slanders
upon the Hawaiian Governregarded as extravagant, and some facts a large population,
adthe
these
which
closing years of
poor ment,
represents our Christian
are currently alleged to exist quite
society,
verse to any claims to exalted sanctity. people are generally not devoid of much civilization, are so inextricably intermixIt is not at all our intention to search happiness. Theforegoinghasbeenforthe ed with laudations of Father Damien
into any possible blemishes in the char- most part true of the settlement from the that in vindicating the former we have
acter of this unquestionably benevolent beginning, although many minor evUs no choice but to disparage the alleged
and devoted priest. As far as we can
learn, the evidence is undoubted that he
All communicationsand letters connected with the literary
department of the paper, HchAs and Magazines for Re gave himself with unreserved self-sacriview and Kxchanges snould be addressed "Rev. S. R
fice to promote the well being of the
Bishop, Honolulu, 11. I."
Busines* letters should be addressed "T. O. Thrcm lepers at the Molokai settlement, and
Honolulu. H. 1.
that in this service he contracted the
S. E. BISHOP,
Editor malady as he expected to do. What is,
we think still more worthy of esteem,
CONTENTS.
he appears to have been genuinely comFather Damien's Work
51-.r >2 passionate and humane, untiring in laRev. Joseph King and Samo.a
S3
Rev. ft, G. Porter's Talk to the Japanese
58 bor, and never sparing himself. Hav'J he Conemaugh Valley Disaster
54
G.
Porter's
Visit
Honolulu
54 ing been such, we heartily join in renE.
to
amehamcha Exhibition
54
College
55 dering honor to his memory, as of one
ahu
awaiahao Female Seminary
55
lonthly Krents
56 in a marked degree heroic and Christ[arine Journal, Etc
56
rrr;
a
57 like in motive and action.
m. c.
[awaiian Board
M
nnual Sermon on Home M issions
50-61
We had expected to remain silent and
nnuml Meeting of the W. B. M. P. 1
61
unchbowl
61-62 not to demur at what we believed to be
Thr Friend is published th* first day of each mouth, a
Honolulu, H. I. Subscription rate '1 wo Poi.laks iik
1
YRAK INVARIABLY IN AIJVANCH.
- -
.|«v.
.....
"
52
wonderful services of the latter, which
we should have preferred to let alone.
The truth is, first, that no such abominable disorder among the lepers or neglect
on the part of the Government existed,
either at Damien's, arrival in 1873 or at
any previous time. It is true that in
1865, the first year of the residence of
lepers there, there was some disorder
and some destitution for a short time,
until the Government had learned their
work. Secondly, Father Damien, although more or less serviceable, was
never a chief moving spirit in the steady
improvement that went on in the condition of the settlement. Such a claim
for him is unfounded on fact, and the
grossest exaggeration. The Government always took care to have faithful
and capable agents, and gave zealous
attention to the wants of the settlement
without waiting for Damien to importune them.
We now quote from the Biennial Report of the Board of Health to the Legislature dated April 1, 1874, about the
time of, to Damien's arrival at the settlement. This report is signed by Hon.
H. A. Widemann, then President of the
Board of Health, a gentleman of high
standing, a Catholic, a vigorous critic of
administrative faults, and his party having just come into office, quite at liberty
to denounce any neglect of the late
Protestant Minister of Interior E. O.
Hall. Mr. Widemann asserts that "in
a material point of view these people
are better off on Molokai than most natives of these Islands, and also better
off, with few exceptions, than they ever
were in their own homes." A " large
number of kuleanas" "with numerous
good houses" had recently been purchased to meet the wants of the increasing population. (Kuleanas are small
private pieces of land.) Six thousand
feet of water pipe had been laid. "Mr.
W. P. Ragsdale who some months ago
gave a remarkable example of self-sacrifice ingoing of his own accord to Molokai, is the present superintendent of
the asylum. A more active and efficient
man could hardly be found." The lepers
"have been made in all respects as comfortable as possible."
All this was before Damien had gone
to the settlement.
Turn back two years to the report of
Dr. F. W. Hutchinson in 1872. "The
food ration is a large one, and exceeds
that supplied to the soldiers of the best
supplied European
and American
armies." "The Board can fairly assert
that these people are better supplied
than they ever were in their own homes
—a proof of the assertion may be found
in the fact that many of the people living
at the landing place at Kalaupapa, have
been anxious to make themselves
lepers." "We repeat again, that these
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
people are well taken care of, and not that island. After this, for eleven years,
Rev. A. O. Forbes carried on the work
unhappy."
The tone of defense of this- report be- ably and devotedly, periodically visiting
tokens the fact that the treatment of the and ministering to the lepers after they
lepers was then as always the subject came there in 1865, organizing the
of jealous scrutiny by the Hawaiian Siloam church, and installing their fiist
public.
pastor.
At that time thatched houses were
A considerable proportion of the lepers
the common abodes of the people in all were members of Protestant churches,
the country districts. These were often
more comfortable and more healthy than
their present wooden cottages. For
many years our pioneer missionaries
lived in grass houses. One writer complains that the lepers did not get milk.
The natives are not used to have milk at
home. What they want is pot, and poi
was always a chief part of the leper's
rations.
This report of 1872 describes the commodious house of the keeper, two hospitals for the sick, and separate houses
for those lepers needing special care.
There are described "separate houses
built for boys and girls, with a special
building for a school room," the teacher
being a leper. " A number of milch
cows furnish plenty of milk" for the
patients, "and the food is prepared by a
Chinese cook."
"A little distance from this central
place, nearer the seaside, a little church
has been built, where every Sunday a
native minister, a leper himself, holds a
service.
* It is well attended by
the poor people for whose benefit it has
been specially erected."
This last testimony of Dr. Hutchison
will have the more force with those who
remember how entirely out of sympathy
he was with the Protestant missionaries.
We now take up the calumnies as to
the religious and moral' condition of
Molokai and the Leper Settlement at
the date of Damien's arrival. Mr. Ballantyne says: "Though the other Hawaiian Islands had abolished idolatry
and adopted Christianity, in Molokai—
where there was no missionary, no
priest—the old paganism, with all its
horrible consequences,reigned supreme."
This seems really too absurd for serious
notice. Molokai was, in many respects,
the most thoroughly and successfully
worked missionary field in the group.
Mr. and Mrs. Hitchcock were at the
head of the work from 1832 to 1857.
They were peculiarly devoted and efficient, and had excellent missionaries
associated with them. There were no
traders in their field, and their influence
was less impeded than on the other
islands. Nearly every man and woman
on the island came to own their powerful moral and spiritual sway. Father
Hitchcock was a first-class example of a
devoted, hard-working missionary hero,
whom the people both loved and feared,
and we had plenty more like him.
About the time of his death the count
showed an excess of births over deaths
on Molokai. This was the one solitary
instance of the kind in this kingdom. It
erinced the superior moral condition of
*
many deacons, and some ministers.
Their spiritual wants were well supplied
by church and Sabbath schools, and
have always been the object of solicitous
care from the other churches and the
Hawaiian Bosrd. And now comes this
Mr. Ballantyne and tells the world that
Molokai was a heathen island, which
Father Damien christianized!
Mr. Ballantyne may have been misled
by Catholic Mission statistics, which
would have shown Molokai to have been
without church or priest of their persuasion. Father Hitchcock's supremacy
left them no foothold. Still we think
that good Bishop Maigret would hardly
have made return of Molokai as a
"Pagan" island, however far from salvation he may have reckoned us Protestants.
Why Bishop Maigret left his Catholic
people at Kalawao for so many years
destitute of spiritual care, we do not
know. So neglected, they became the
source of much of the moral disorder
that existed at Kalaupapa among the
idle lepers in spite of church and magistrate. Father Damien did a worthy and
noble thing to volunteer in 1873 to serve
them. He did great good by bringing
the neglected Catholic minority under
spiritual direction and control. He also
worked zealously for their bodily needs.
In this respect his services may doubtless be regarded as of indispensable
value. We don't know of any evidence
that Damien's usefulness for some years
extended beyond what he did for the
Catholic minority. All good missionaries, as a rule, combine a variety of ma-terial labors with spiritual; Damien did
the same, -and seems to have done his
work zealously and faithfully according
to his ability.
The fact was, that the. general condition of the settlement was good, and the
government and superintendents Meyer
and Ragsdale were doing all they could
to improve it. As Damien gained experience, he no doubt contributed useful
suggestions. We find him in 1878, after
the death of superintendent Ragsdale,
acting as assistant superintendent. A
strong committee of investigation evidently did not consider him as meeting
the needs of the office, although they
imputed his inadequacy to the pressure
of his spiritual duties.
We have, contended that Damien's
usefulness was simply that of the ordinary missionary priest. A special heroism there undoubtedly was, in undertaking and performing his duties in the
face of the liability of becoming a leper
himself. We do not minimize that he-
Volume 47, No. 7.]
roism in saying that he coveted death
by leprosy as winning for him special
spiritual "merit," or a "martyr's" crown.
Such heroism in varied forms, however,
pervades the history of Catholic and
Protestant churches. Hawaii and Micronesia are full of examples of it, and
among those who do not believe in earning "merit," but who wish merely to
follow their lord in helping and saving
men. We think it an unworthy exaggeration to erect this good priest into a
rare and wonderful martyr. As to the
alleged "exile," there was none. He
was always free to go and come, and
occasionally visited Honolulu, even after
he became a leper. There are several
other devoted priests here, and we doubt
if some of them would not have willingly exchanged parishes with their
brother Damien, with his ample govHis
ernment rations and housing.
ardent admirer Stoddard found him in
1884, hearty, buoyant and busy, and living in plenty.
None the less a hero for that. But
the vain effort to make an exceptional
hero of him has led to the flood of calumnious misstatements which we have
felt compelled to refute.
We purposely abstain from setting
forth several acknowledged facts which
would put this matter in a stronger
light, and which many here will feel
disappointed not to see published herewith. Enough has been said for our
purpose in vindicating our Hawaiian
civilization from the disgraceful inhumanity imputed to it.
DAIRY & STOCK
so that most of the half-castes are under
COMPANY,
their influence. The training school
goes on, and Samoan teachers are doing
CREAM, BUTTER,
good work in Papua and Melanesia, as MILK,
AND LIVE STOCK.
well as in other islands.
j«nB7yr
The war has of course deranged mission and school work. It is hoped that
ELITE ICECREAM PARLORS
peace will now become established. Mr.
No. 85 Hotel Street, Honolulu, 11. 1.
King does not consider the natives as
qualified by knowledge or character to Delicious Ice Creams, Cakes and Candies.
carry on a responsible government, withtS" Families, Balls and Weddings Si ipllkd.
out the direction of foreign officials.
II \Rr ft CO.
anßo
They have never had representative inNOTT,
stitutions.
The Samoans are a clean living people
and alone in all Polynesia, have not TIN, COPPER AND SHEET IRON
been decreasing in numbers. All the
Worker, Plumber, Gas Fitter, etc.
photographs here represent both sexes
Range's of all kinds, Plumbers' Stock and
Stoves
and
as nude above the waist. This is not
Metals, House Furnishing Goods, Chandeliers,
the custom among the respectable peoLamp*, Etc.
ple, but pleases foreigners and photoKaahuinanu St., Honolulu.
graphers. We did not ask Mr. King, janB7yr
but have no doubt that the same is SHIPPING & NAVY CONTRACTOR
true about the filthy awa-bowl.
Mr. King expects to be absent in
JOSEPH TINKER,
England for six months.
WOODLAWN
THE
JOHN
Family and Shipping Butcher,
Rev. E. G. Porter's Talk to the Japanese.
Mr. Porter addressed the Japanese
Christians at the Lyceum on the evening
of Sunday, the lGth, telling them of his
four months' travel in Japan. As he
approached the coast he seemed to be
returning to European civilization, so
many were the appliances of modern
improvement, buoys, light-houses, steamers, railroads, finely engineered roads,
In Peking,
By the Alameda on the 29th, we had and especially post-offices.
send
a
to the
when
he
wanted
to
letter
the pleasure of meeting, in transit, the
had
to
hire
a
messpecial
he
Rev. Joseph King of Melbourne. Mr. sea-port,
is
The
service
postal
senger.
Japanese
King was for many years a missionary
in Samoa, but for some years past in
pastoral work at Melbourne. He was
one of a deputation last year to visit the
Samoan mission, and so is thoroughly
informed as to religious affairs there.
Mr. King is now on his way to confer
with the officers of the London Missionary Society. A pleasant reception was
given Mr. and Mrs. King and daughter,
with Mr. and Mrs. Harris of Melbourne,
at Rev. Dr. Hyde's on Saturday evening, to which were invited those persons
more intimately related to mission work
here. Messrs. Harris and King made
short addresses. They had landed at
Samoa from the Alameda, and so renewed their knowledge of the people
and their affairs.
While the Gospel work retains sub
stantially its power and activity in
Samoa, the churches are suffering from
the lack of missionary superintendence.
There is little education as compared
with that of the Hawaiian natives. No
native newspapers exist. The Romanists maintain a strong force of priests
and assistants, with advanced schools,
53
THE FRIEND.
CITY MARKET, Nuuanu Street.
All orders delivered with quick dispatch and at reason*
able rates. Vegetables fresh every morning.
janB7>'r
Telephone 389, both Companies.
pEORGE
LUCAS,
CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER,
HONOLULU STEAM PLANING
MILL,
ESPLANADE, HONOLULU, H. I.
Manufacturerof all kinds of Mouldings, Brackets,Window
Frames, Blinds, Sashes, Doors, and all kinds of Woodwork
Finish. Turning, Scroll and Band Sawing. All kinds of
Planing, Sawing, Morticing and Tenanting. Orders promptly attended to, and work Guaranteed. Orders from the
janB7yr
other Islandssolicited.
mtlE HAWAIIAN NEWS COMPANY,
complete, and embraces Shanghae, the
Successors to J. H. SOPER,
foreigners of which port depend on Japan
for their trans-Pacific mail facilities. Stationer and
News Dealer.
Japan is everywhere beautiful. The
25 Merchant Street, Honolulu, H. I.
Gospel is making wonderful progress. It
morals.
One
disamends the people's
Subscriptions received for any Paper or Magazine pubtiller of saki converted his distillery into lished. Special orders received for any Books published.
a church, and ma,de pulpit and seats out janB7yr.
of the barrels. There are noble schools "HEAVER SALOON,
everywhere. In one small city were forty
H. J. NOLTE, Proprietor,
book shops. Joseph Neelima ran away
to America when a boy, was converted, TEMPERANCE COFFEE HOUSE,
got a superior education, and preached
Fort Street, Honolulu.
his first sermon in Mr. Porter's church
Best Quality of Cigar*. Cigarettes, Tobacco, Smokers' ArAt
a
farewell
reception
in Lexington.
mayB6
tides, etc., always on hand.
in Lexington the young people paid him
fifteen cents each for autographs,making n E. WILLIAMS,
a small fund with which Neesima started
Importer, Manufacturer, Upholsterer and
a school in Kioto. This school has
college
into
the
Doshisha
grown
great
Dealer in all kinds of Furniture.
with eight hundred and eighty-nine
Furniture Warerooins in New Fire-proof Building.
students and eighty-two studying theology. It is now to become a university,
Nos. in Fort Street and 66 Hotel Streets.
at the instance of the Minister of In- Agency Detroit Safe Co. Feather, Hair, Hay and Eureka
and Pillow*., and Spring Mattresses on hand and
struction, who has procured a fund of Mattresses
made to order. Pianos and Sewing Machines always oo
seventy thousand yen for it. A gentle- hand and for sale or rent. Best Violin and Guitar Strings
kinds of Musical Instruments for sale as cheap a*
man in America has just given one andall
the cheapest.
the
fund.
janB7yr.
thousand dollars towards
_^___^^^^^__
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
54
The Conemaugh Valley Disaster.
Rev. Dr. Beckwith, Jast Sunday evening, applied the lessons of this terrible
event with great force and feeling. It
teaches us to build well, both in material and in spiritual things, so as to endure all tests.
One inestimable enrichment which
the Conemaugh destruction will assuredly be in material things, we have
not seen alluded to. Congress has just
given half a million for a mere reconnoisance of the Rocky mountains, with
a view to construct perhaps a thousand
great storage reservoirs, with colossal
dams. The hundreds of millions of fertile but arid acres that await irrigation,
will ensure the construction of those
dams to impound the spring floods for
man's service. What gangs of greedy
and inhuman contractors and of corrupt
inspectors stand ready to slight and
cheapen their work, and to imperil the
lives of the millions who will dwell in
the lower valleys. Now at the inception
of the work, and in merciful though
stern warning God sends this gigantic
wreck of Conemaugh. It will now be
hardly possible for either government or
individuals to neglect their duty in
making faithful and solid work in the
Rocky mountain dams. So the judgment may prove to be the greatest mercy.
So—too optimistically some of our
readers may think—we regard the Seattle conflagration, with all its ruin and
loss to individuals, as really a great
mercy to the city. First, the fire was
sure to come in that ill-built huddle of
houses. How much better to come now
before millions more had been expended
on good buildings. Secondly, the whole
tract is cleaned off; the streets will be
widened and reformed, and a noble city
of fire-proof blocks will replace the
former ill-built town. Probably the
ground alone is already worth more in
the market than it was before the fire,
with all its buildings standing.
But note another thing. Such a fire
in Constantinople or Peking would have
been purely a disaster. No improvement
of the burnt district would follow. A
dam or a dyke bursting in China would
be followed by no improvement in the
public engineering. Why are we so
thoroughly assured that improvement
will follow in America? Because in
America there is conscience. Because
there is spiritual enlightenment. Because
there are crowds of noble men and
women whose soiils make great outcry
against sloth and greed and treachery;
they kindle other souls, and the sluggards and traitors and pirates are daunted and made ashamed. So good work
will be done. This is one thing that
comes to any people when Christ has
shone upon them. They witl not endure
scoundrelism. They will have good and
honest work.
The same sort of thing was brought
out just two years ago in the Armory
meeting in this city, when a flood of
public wrath swept away villainy in high
places. Solid and honest work is likely
to be done in Honolulu for some time
to come. But all public affairs need the
support of active and watchful consciences. Bad men hate and vilify conscience in other people, but give way
before it when aroused in its might.
Rev. E. G. Porter Visits Honolulu.
Among the many visitors which our
central position in the lines of commerce brings to us, we have met few
more interesting than Rev. E. G. Porter,
pastor of a church in Lexington, Mass.
Mr. Porter has now been two years on
his travels. Associated with the wellknown Rev. Dr. March of Woburri, and
in the interests of the American Board,
although not at their expense, he visited
and studied the Board's missions in the
Turkish Empire India, China and Japan,
also missions in Burmah and Siam,
most of which countries he has extensively explored, as well as Java and
Australia. In Peking Dr. March became disabled by illness and returned
home.
Mr. Porter is evidently an acute observer and an admirable reporter of what
he has seen. We have seldom listened
to a more entertaining and agreeable
has lectured in Central
speaker.
Church
upon missions in the
Union
Turkish Empire, and again upon that in
India; he has also lectured in the Y. M.
C. A. Hall upon Siam and upon Java.
Mr. Porter has visited Kauai, and is
now upon Hawaii. He expects to sail
for home on July sth. We hope to hear
again his interesting narrations. The
home churches have a spiritual and intellectual treat before them when he
arrives.
The sermon on Home Missions was
preached in the evening at Kaumakapili
church by Rev. S. Paaluhi. Rev. A. D.
Bissell at the same time preaching the
sermon on Foreign Missions to the
English speaking congregation in the
Central Union Church.
Kamehameha Exhibition.
When we went to our Sabbath school
on Sunday, June 23d, in old Kawaiahao
church, we found the immense platform,
supposed to be adequate for all possible
school purposes, extended to more than
double its area for the coming exhibition
of Mr. Oleson's school. It was suggested
that they were going to show us a baseball game, in which their nine have, this
season, been so victorious. Thursday
evening, June 27th, we went and saw
some things out of the ordinary course.
There was a fair assortment of declama-
tions, creditably delivered. Some of
these Hawaiian youth were perfectly
distinct in articulation of English words,
which is not very common. Samuel
Kauhane and William Spencer read
compositions, both of which were interesting in matter, and distinctly enunciated. An interesting newspaper, the
Kamehameha Sentinel, was read by the
editor, John Wise; it contained many
amusing hits. During the reading, four
artists were drawing comical pictures
upon the black-board, showing freedom
and correctness of handling." Fractions
on Fire" and "Rapid Calculation" were
black-board and oral exercises, exhibiting
quick movements in arithmetic, and
amazed the natives. The need of the
great stage appeared in the Indian club
and dumb-bell exercises, in which the
athletic, military forms of the tall boys
were displayed in splendid action. With
such physical training, and with the
regular habits and temperate regime of
the school, the base-ball success of the
Kamehameha nine is quite accountable.
Now if these fine fellows will only keep
up to what they are learning here
through after life! The weakness of
Hawaiians is to do nobly for a while and
then relapse into slack and careless
living. Yet some of our fine Lahainaluna youth have fulfilled their early
promise, while too many have drifted
with the strong tide of half-heathen
living.
The young Kamehamehas are being
finely equipped with hands and eyes
skilled for the best and most useful artizenship. An exhibit of their manual
work hung back of the stage in the form
of house and bridge models with samples of turning and joinery. Plumbing
and smithing exhibits were seen at
school. We fully coincide with the
view of the founders of the school that
this manual training will supply an es-
Volume 47, No. 7.]
sential element in the success in life of
Hawaiian Youth.
Mr. Townsend ably conducted the
vocal music exercises, several of which
varied the exhibition. The voices of
the boys seemed to be receiving a careful training. The Hallelujah Chorus
closed the evening. We congratulate
Mr. Oleson and his faithful assistants
upon the fine impression of their work
which the exhibition has made upon the
public. The great house was crowded.
Mr. Shinichi Ando, son of Mr. Taro for the occasion, which was to give a
Ando, the Japanese Consul-General, is farewell reception to Mr. Shinichi Ando,
now leaving Honolulu to study at An- son of the Japanese Consul residing in
dover, Massachusetts. Mr. Ando has
been at Oahu College for the past three
years, giving special attention to the
natural sciences. He has been highly
esteemed in his church relations, as well
as in school. For his own sake, as well
as for that of his noble Christian father,
we wish for him every success and
prosperity in his new surroundings. We
think he will carry through life very
recollections of Honolulu, as
pleasant
Oahu College.
Honolulu will of his pleasant, cordial
The customary annual exercises of face and voice.
this valued institution, took place on
We are going to display our lack of
June 19th and 20th. A class of six was musical taste by saying that to our ungraduated. Hon. H. A. P. Carter delivered an address. We congratulate cultivated ear (to which, however, the
of Handel's Messiah is rapPresident Merritt and his associates on most part
the Hallelujah Chorus is utterly
turous)
the progress and prosperity of the Coloffense. The staccato notes and
lege. We think that there has never an
derisive inflections of the
seemingly
been there an abler Faculty or one better
seem as opposite to all
"Hallelujahs"
adapted to impart a high Classical and
idea of adoring worship as it is possible
Scientific Education. In the Scientific
for us to conceive. Think of seraphs
Department especially there has been a
out such barking "Praise t'
most gratifying improvement. On an jerking
God's" as that! It seems like a profanaother page will be found an essay by
tion to utter the sacred word in such a
Miss Bicknell which shows what good
tone. It may be music, but we cannot
work is being done in Geology.
think it worship.
Kawaiahao Female Seminary.
The closing exercises of this institution were held on the afternoon of Wednesday, June 4th, in the fine large
schoolroom added to the building last
year. There was a crowded assembly
of parents, patrons, and prominent residents. The pupils, all native girls,
went through their numerous assigned
parts in excellent style. The music was
directed by Miss Patch, who has evidently more than kept up the high
standard of her predecessors. It reflects
the greatest credit on the new corps of
young and skillful teachers that, notwithstanding their total inexperience with
Hawaiian girls, the school has prospered
and even gone forward. Miss Pepoon
the new Principal, has earned high
praise. But perhaps the greatest honor
of all is due to the excellent Miss
Hopper, who alone remained of the
former faculty, and who lent to the utmost her valuable experience and happy
influence to introduce her new associates to their work.
We congratulate the Trustees and
Patrons on the successful progress of
the school, and on the many generous
benefactions which have replaced the
old and dilapidated buildings with the
present noble and commodious edifice.
Nearly 130 girls were housed and taught
in the Seminary the past year.
55
THE FRIEND.
Judd
read at Central Union
Church prayer meeting an English version of his historical address to the
natives at Kawaiahao on the occasion of
the Jubilee anniversary of tke completion
of the Hawaiian Bible. We hope to
print this address in our August issue.
It is rich in interest.
Judge
Rev. A. C. Walkup arrived per Umatilla on the 28th ult., to do his yearly
visiting per Morning Star among the
Gilbert Islands. Mrs. Logan and Mr.
and Mrs. Forbes are expected per Zealandia on the 6th. The Star will take
speedy departure after their arrival.
We thankfully acknowledge the receipt from Mr. John T. Arundel at
Howland's I, of a long promised account
of a late visit toTahiti and other South
Pacific Islands, with observations of
great value from so experienced an observer. We shall hope to find place for
this paper in our August issue.
Reception.
The Japanese Y. M. C. A. had a very
pleasant gathering in Queen Emma
Hall on Saturday evening, June 22d.
The room was very tastefully decorated
this city.
Young Ando came here with
his parents about three years ago, and
although *his parents were not then
Christians, he had been placed by them
in a Christian school, and while there
was converted. Since he came to this
city he has been very earnest and active
in Christian work especially among his
countrymen. He was a member of the
Central Union Church; an active member of the foreign Y. M. C. A.; also
Recording Secretary of the Japanese
Branch. Mr. Ando goes to Andover,
Mass., to spend a year in Philip's Academy, then to Ann Arbor to persue a
special course in chemistry, after which
he will return to his native land to engage in business. On the above evening Dr. Hyde presided and the exercises consisted of singing, prayers and
brief addresses rendered in Japanese and
English, there being a goodly number
of each nationality present. A generous supply of ice cream and cake made
up the programme of a very pleasant
evening, the memory of which will
cheer and help our young brother when
among scenes and faces that are new
and strange.
The Nineteenth Century contains an
article by Mrs. Humphrey Ward, entitled "The New Reformation, in which
she demands that the same principles
of literary criticism which have been applied to the analysis of other documents,
be applied to the Four Gospels. With
this demand we are in hearty accord, as
are all the more progressive members of the evangelical church. The
result, however, of the application of
this method to the study of the New
Testament has been to make it almost
absolutely certain that the three synoptic Gospels existed in substantially their
present form within half a century after
the death of' Christ, and reasonably
certain that the fourth Gospel existed in
substantially its present form before the
end of the first century. These are the
conclusions, not merely of orthodox
students endeavoring to defend the authenticity of the Gospels, but of unprejudiced, if adverse critics. All that
Christian faith demands of the Rationalistic school is that they should explain
how the narratives of miracles became
incorporated in these contemporaneous,
records by writers whose honesty never
has been impugned, and whose opportunities for observation are not questioned, if the events did not occur as
they are narrated in the evangelical histories. The notion that these narratives
of miracles are mythical additions of a
later date, has been destroyed by the
very methods of criticism to which Mr.
Huxley and the author of "Robert
Elsmere" appeal.—Dr. Lyman Abbott,
Monthly Record of Events.
June Ist—Arrival of S.S. Zealandia
from the Colonies en route for San Francisco.—Honolulu's beat the Kaiulani's
20 to 1.
3rd-10th—General meeting sessions
of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association.
4th—Death of Mrs. T. Keega'n, a resident of this city for the past thirty years.
—Annual meeting of the Woman's
Board; officers re-elected. — Williams-
Green wedding bells at St. Andrew's
Cathedral.
5th—Closing exercises of the Kawaiahao Seminary.
6th—Royal breakfast to Mr. and Mrs.
F. P. Hastings and party by the King.
—Annual Tea party of the Woman's
Board.
7th—Pickrell-Putnam wedding bells
at Dudoit House.—Annual examination
North Pacific Institute. —Departure of
S.S. Umatilla for San Francisco with a
large freight and passenger list.
8th —Arrival of S.S. Mariposa from
San Francisco en route to the Colonies.
His Ex. H. A. P. and Mrs. Carter and
daughters and several other prominent
returned kamaainas by her were welcomed home.—Honolulu's beat the Stars
18 to 9.
11th—Kamehameha Day; celebrated
as usual by races at the Park, Sunday
School picnic at Punahou and private
ones in various valleys.— Robbery at
store of M. Davis, corner of Nuuanu
and Marine streets.
12th—Arrival of City of Peking from
San Francisco, en route for Japan and
China.—Judge Preston renders his decision adverse to the claim of G. W.
Macfarlane for salary due as His Maj-
esty's Chamberlain.
13th—Annual meeting of the Strangers'
Friend Society.
15th—Messrs. Sorenson& Lylelaunch
their new yacht Kaiulani.—Kamehameha's beat the Hawaii's by a score of four
to one.
17th—New Ice Company contemplated.—Entertaining lecture by Rev.
E. G. Porter, at the Y. M. C. A., on his
travels in Java.
19th—Closing examinations of Oahu
College.
20th —Semi-annual meeting of Trustees Queen's Hospital.—Graduation exercises of Oahu College at Central Union
Church. —Arrival of Chilian sloop-of-
[July, 1889.
THE FRIEND.
56
PASSENGERS.
schooner Equator. —Sudden anxious enARRIVALS.
quiry for John F. Smith, if you please.
—Arrival of U. S. S. Alert from Samoa, From Auckland per Haw S S Zealandia, June I—Mis1 —Miss
I. C Hews and 217 passengers in transit.
via Farming's Island.
From ■ Sas Francisco per Forest Queen, June s—Mr—
. 5 Mr..
Walters
and 2 children.
#
26th Examinations of Kamehameha
From San Francisco per C D Bryant, June 4 —X B
schools, with exercises on evening of Lathrop.
From San
per Planter, June i»--Harry Luce.
27th at Kawaiahao Church to a packed From San Francisco
Francisvo per S C Allen June 13—Mrs S F
Graham
and
children,
>
Mr Carter, wife and a child-en, M
house.
Toms.
From
Francisco
San
per Mariposa, June B—H A P Carter
28th—Arrival of steamer Umatilla
wife and 3 daughters, B F Dillingham and 9 children, Geo.
from San Francisco. —Honolulu Musical Dillingham,
Kluegal
and 4 children, Mr and Mrs G A
Mrs
Howard, Master Howard, T G Gribhle, E Muller, G W
Society re-organizes.
Pratt,
Dr. W E Taylor.
Ashley, Dr. J S
From San Francisco per bkine Discovery, June ty—
29th—Arrival of S. S. Alameda from Hasan
Zol!er.
Anderson and
the Colonies en route for San Francisco; From San Francisco per Umatilla, June aB--Mrs Lillie,
A H Parke, W C Parke, Jr., Mt% C L Bell, Miss G
considerable disappointment at the non- Miss
Eddy, 1 Q Tewksburv, L B Keir, T May, Hon A S Clegarrival of Admiral Kimberly as expected. horn, F A SchaciVr, R B Brenham, ] M. Williams, Key A
C Walkup, J L Toibert, J H Lantry and 10 Steerage.
Kamehameha's vanquish the Kaiulani's by a score of 17 to 5.
—
—
DEPARTURES.
Marine Journal.
PORT OF HONOLULU.-JUNE.
ARRIVALS.
—
I Haw S S Zcalamlia, Oterendorp, 11 4 4 days
from Auckland
I —Am bk Ceylon, Calhoun, 27 days from Puget
Sound
4—Am bk \V H Dimond, Drew, 16 days from
San Francisco
4—Am bk C DBryant.s Penhallow, 17 days from
San Francisco
5—Am bk Forest Queen, Winding, 19 days from
San Francisco
7 —Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, from San Francisco
8—S S Mariposa, Hayward, u% days from San
Francisco
10—Am brigt Consuelo, Robertson, 16 days from
San Francisco
12—Am bkt Planter, Dow, 13 days from San
Francisco
12—Am bkt S G Wilder, Griffiths, 13 days from
San Francisco
12—Am S S City of Peking, Caverly, from San
Francisco
13—Am bk S C Allen, Thompson, 16 days from
San Francisco
17—Am bkt John Woosrer, Johnson, 67 days from
Newcastle
20—Chilian Man-of-war Pilcomayo, Valemuela, 64
days from Panama, C A
21—Am schr Equator, Reed, 19 days from San
Francisco.
22—Am bk Caibarien, Perkins, from S America
24—U S S Alert, Green, from Tutuila.
S F Hersey, McDonald, 67 flays from
25—Am sh
Newcastle via Tahiti
27—Am sh Alex McNeil, Friis, I2j£ days from
San Francisco
27—Am bktne Discovery, McNeil, lb}4 days hum
San Francisco
28—Am S S Umatilla, Holmes, 7 days from San
Francisco
28—Am sch Twil ght, Larsen, 47 days from Howland's Island
dys fm Colonies
29—Am S S Alameda, Morse,
.
;
—
For San Francisco, per Alameda, June 29—Captain J A
King, Shinichi Ando, Miss Blanche E Cornwell, Captain
W Watson, Miss H E Cushman, W A Buick, Mrs E S
Cunha and son, W C Peacock and wife, C C Kennedy, Mrs
J Hoting and 2 children, Miss Dower, I, C Abies, fi steer
aye, and 230 passengers in transit from the Colonies.
For San Francisco, per S G Wilder, June 30—E Stoul
and Mrs Wagner.
For San Francisco, per C D Bryant, June 29—Miss E L
Ladd, Mrs F Loehr and child, G E Thrum, J C White, J
1 h mpson, Captain Underwood, and Mr Lathrop.
For San Francisco, per R M S S Zealandia, June I—vV1 —vV
N Phillips and wife, Miss M Cook, J G Prouty, F Burchardt, C B Wells, 1> Porter, A Herbert, & steerage, and 217
passengers in transit.
For San Francisco, per Umatilla, June 7—Mr and Mrs
INS Williams, Mrs F E Eaton And child, Miss Dressier,
P Peck, G If Spalding, EJ G Bryan', Miss S V Hopper,
Mrs H Streubeck and child, Dr A B Cater, wife, child and
servant, H W Schmidt and wife, Mrs C C Kennedy and
child, Miss M Mclntyre, W I. Decoto and wife, Miss A
Peterson, Mrs J A Hopper and daughter, Rev W H Barnes,
wife and child, R W McChesney. F r* Hastings and wife,
T W Hobron, Capt Hobron and wife, Miss I C Smith, JT
Water :ouse and wife, Hon G H Dole, wifeand ten children,
Hon PN Makee, Misses Merseberg (2), Hon HP Baldwin,
Mrs Tweedie, C Livingstone, wife and family. Mrs T >
Noonan, J W Liming and wife, James Andrews, G H Foster. TC Ford, ) M Pickrell and wife, W O Faulkner and
wife, Mrs I>r Tucker, J Martin and wife, Mrs James
Sutherland, two children and maid, Mrs Dr Emerson, Mrs
Maria Kahai, Miss H C Pierce, Robert Grieve, P G Camarinos, Mai H F Berelfhann and wife, C Arnemann.
For theColonies, per R M 9 S Mariposa, June B—Capt.8—Capt.
G Brown, H W Brady, Hubert Beaumont, H Berger and
26 cabi and 31 steerage passengers in transit.
For San Francisco per bktne Consuelo, June 14—H A
Crocker.
For San Francisco, per bk Forest Queen, lune 22—F
Waldron, Miss Nisson, W. Penjelly, J S Martin, Mr Walter and 2 children.
For South Seas, per schr Equator, June 22—Robert L
Stevenson, Mrs Stevenson Sr, J D Strong, Lloyd Osborne.
BIRTHS.
DAMON—In Honolulu, June 24th, to the wife of Frank
VY. Damon, a daughter.
LOWK.I.L—In this city, June 26th, to the wife of Ira A.
Lowell, a daughter.
MARRIAGES.
TULLUCH— WING—At the Foreign Church, "Kohala,
Hawaii, June 4th, by Rev. Thomas Gulick, George
Loedey Tulloch and Miss Clara Louisa Wing.
WILLIAMS—GRIJEN—At St. Andrews' Cathedral, in
this city, June 4th, by Revs. Alex. Mackintosh and Geo.
Wal ace, Mr. J. N. S. Williams to Miss Nina Green.
PICKRH.I PUTNAM—In this city, June 7th, by Rev.
K. G. Ifeckwith. Mr. J. M. Pickrellto Miss Eva Putoam.
AUF.RBACH—KEI.LY-At St. Andrews' Cathedral, ia
this city, June 12th, by the Rev. Alex. Mackintosh,
Frank B. Auerbach to Kathleen W., daughter of the late
Captain Kelly.
DEPARTURES.
KEECH—WEIR—In Honolulu, June 22nd, by the Rev.
E. G. Beckwith, D.D., Alvin W. Keech to Bella Weir.
war Pilcomayo, from Panama.
for San Francisi o
1—Haw S S Zealandia, Oterendorp,Francisco
CARTER-PARKER—In Yakima, Washington, June
at
for
Smn
Coluu,
Backus,
6—Am bk
21st—Meeting of American citizens
«th, by the Key. S. C. Head, Frederick W. Carter to
7—Am S S Umatilla, Holmes, for San Francisco
Alice A., daughter of F. I. Parker.
the call of the Minister Resident to 8—Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, for South Sea Islands YOUNG—CAKTER-ln
Seattle, Washington, June 10th,
Colonies
Mariposa,
Hay
far
the
wards,
K
M
of
the
SIS
"gloarrange for the celebration
by the Rev. Elliot Brown, Jesse Oliver Young la Cara
Peking, Caverly, for Jai.an a»d China
12—P M s's City afDimond,
daughter
of
S.
Carter of Honolulu.
M
Isabel,
Drew, for San Francisco
rious Fourth."
14—Am bktne W H
Am bgtne Consuelo, Robertson, for San Francisco
Hawaii's
a
in
beat
the
22d—Stars
15—Am bk Ceylon, Calhonn, for San Francisco
DEA THS.
score of three to one, the best game, so 18—Brit bk Royal Alice, Zeal, for SanforFrancisco
San Francisco
PERRY-At Halawa, Oahu, June 1, 1889, William Perry,
22—Am bk Forest Queen, Winding,
far, of the season. —Concert at Kauma- 24—Am schr Equator, Keid, for Gilbert I lands
aged 90 years, a resident of these islands since 1837.
Am sloop Minerva, Degraves, for San Francisco
KEEGAN—In this city, June 4th, Mrs. Margaret Keegaa,
kapili church in aid of its building fund,
Penhallow, for
nets $190.
84th—Departure of Robt. L. Stevenson and party to the South Seas, per
29—Am bk C D Bryant,
aged 69 years, 2 months. A aaiive of Trim county
Am bktne S G wilder, Paul, for »an I- ranciico
Mcagb, Ireland.
Am S S Alameda, Morse, for San Francisco
this city, June 4, 1889, Wilbart Gilmor*
WOOD—In
for
San
Francisco
Freis,
bk
Ale*
McNeil,
Am
Wood, infant son of Dr. and Mrs. C. B. Wood.
SO—Am bktne Joba Worstei, Johnson, for San Francisco
Volume 47, No. 7.]
THE FRIEND.
BQABB.
HAWAIIAN
HONOLULU H. I.
This page is devoted to the interests of the Hawaiian
Board of Missions, and the Editor, appointed by the
Board is responsible for its contents.
Rev. 0. P. Emerson,
-
Editor.
Anniversary Week.
June is our Anniversary Month, the
closing exercises of our various educational institutions being put into at least
three of its four weeks. This week (the
last of the month) we have the stimulating anniversaries of the Karhehameha
schools. Last week we were entertained
by the Punahou schools—collegiate and
preparatory. Indeed, week before that we
went to the annual picnic of the Sabbath
school of the Central Union Church, and
ran the bases with the married men for
the encouragement of the small boys.
We had all the exercises we wanted.
But Anniversary Week proper begins
with the Sabbath before the first Tuesday
in June. Then the people commence to
gather—pastors, delegates and friends
at the churches to hear the missionary
sermons.
The first meeting this year was at
Kawaiahao Church. It was a union
meeting, and the auditorium of this
notable structure was filled with a select
audience.
On the platform sat the clergy with
Rev. H. H. Parker the pastor, and Rev.
J. K. losepathe preacher for the morning. He was on appointment to preach
the sermon on Foreign Missions, and
his theme was the power of Christ's
Kingdom, and the things that make it
strong. In pleading for money he used
the apt illustration of a kite. Boys fly
kites, but they have to get the kite up
to catch the wind, and so they must
have string and pay out, and if they
want the kite to fly high and sail like
the moon, far overhead, they must have
a large ball of string, and they need not
only plenty of string, they must have
tail to steady the kite in its far flight,
and to keep it from diving down to destruction. Now, said the preacher, Micronesia is our kite, she lies far out upon
the azure sea, but if we are to sustain
her there, we must give her plenty of
string and tail.
—
Our Anniversary Week is a full one.
Meetings were held every day.
Besides the parent society there are
the auxiliaries that cluster with it: the
Woman's Board, which, like woman, is
needed everywhere; the General Sabbath
School Association of the group, the
General Young People's Christian Association and the Blue Ribbon League.
The sessions of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association began Tuesday and
were continued till Fridayj p m am half.
...
H
. ....,
urn.
57
the Japanese brethren, delivered by Mr.
Ukai, and last, though not least in our
sympathies, brother Tain, our assistant
translator and helper to Mr. Bingham,
brought the greetings of the Gilbert
On the introduction of the overture, Island brethren.
"Our Work among the Lepers," there
Thursday evening, the ladies of the
was noticed a general tenseness of. feelWoman's
Board received the members
Here
is
a
matter
that
to
the
ing.
goes
heart of the Hawaiian. He feels keenly of the Association, and good as were
for his unfortunate leper brother and is the viands the intellectual feast was
willing to share with him to the last even better, around which the assembled
dollar. This tenderness which the Ha- guests lingered till a late hour loth to
waiian has for the leper is not a mere leave.
sentiment, it embraces a practical purOn Friday morning, the Association
pose of helpfulness. It has been this in
the past.
attended the annual examination of the
North Pacific Missionary Institute, as
There was one point on which the it was conducted by the Principal, the
Hawaiian brethren expressed themselves Rev. C. M. Hyde, D.D., and by his asearnestly. They demanded that the sociate the Key. H. 11. Parker; the stuchildren of Protestant antecedents now dents appeared very creditably in the
at the Leper Settlement, and some of different branches of their work.
them children of Hawaiian clergymen,
The examination of Kaw.ii.ihao Semishould have the privilege of their own nary for girls came off Wednesday p.m.,
accustomed worship—should have full and was attended as per adjournment by
use of the Bible and be trained as evan- numbers of the At>sociutii n.
gelical Christians. A committee of five
was appointed to memorialize the Board
One of the strong points.made by the
of Health and protest against the sec- Association was in regard to the need
tarian use of public funds. The ques- of
giving the knowledge of the Scription was raised if the time had not come tures
to the people. It was noticeable
for the Hawaiian churches to establish a
that many of the native pastors were
home at the Leper Settlement for their
awake to this
It was declared
children resident there. The further that the Bible duty. be
must
put into every
consideration of this matter was left
every parish.
of
family
with the committee, but not before sevInterest in this matter culminated on
eral hundred dollars had been pledged by Sabbath evening
June 9th, when before
men of limited income for that purpose. a
large assemblage that filled the house,
Judge Judd delivered the Jubilee AdOne of the pleasantest things of all dress on
the 50th Anniversary of the
was the adoption by a unanimous vote completion of the first edition of the Haof a resolution heartily approving the waiian Bible. This valuable address is
introduction of missionary laborers by to be printed in the Annual Report of
the Home Board among the Hawaiian the Association.
churches, it being understood that these
laborers are not to come and be settled
The sermon preached by Rev. S. E.
as pastors of churches, but that they are Bishop on Home missions, touched the
rather to be guides, evangelists and issues of to-day vitally.
helpers to the Hawaiian pastors and
One of the wise things done by the
people; and this, we understand, accords Association was the appointment of a
with the already adopted policy of the commttee to consider the dangers that
A. B. C. F. M.
menace our Christian life and their
Undoubtedly this happy issue of the cure. Seven matters were enumerated,
matter was helped on by the presence of Rum, Opium, Awa, Gambling, Violation
our visiting brother, the Rev. E. G. of the Family Relation, Native.Kahunas
Porter, of Lexington, Massachusetts, (Doctors'), and Idolatry. The commitwho brought to the assembly the greet- tee would be glad to receive informaings of other missions, and of the Home tion from any. Hon. A. F. Judd is
Board as well, thus helping us to touch Chairman; the committee js to report at
the pulse of the missionary life every- a future meeting.
where. And then, too, our missionary
brother already on the ground, has
Three things were markedly noticeproved himself a promising representa- able in the meeting. Ist—A desire to
tive of what the people are to expect.
conciliate. 2nd—An earnest purpose
for work. 3rd—Thankfulness for the
Thursday was a feast-day. In the generous bequests which have been
morning, in addition to the graceful granted. The officers of the past year
greetings brought round the world from were reelected.
the many missions by Mr. Porter, there
Rev. J. H. Mahoe is to go as (the
were greetings also brought from the Hawaiian Board) Delegate
Chinese brethren of Hawaii nei, which sia together with Mr. Walkup who repwere delivered by Mr. Oamon, and from resents the A. B. C. F. M.
day session being held Monday the following week. The debates of the session were conducted with much spirit
and general good feeling.
THE FRIEND.
58
Y. M. C. A.
THEHONOLULU,
H. I.
This page is devoted to the interests of the Honolulu
Young Men't Christian Association, and the Board of
Director* are responsible for its contents.
5. D. Fuller,
- - -
Editor.
Monthly Meeting.
"The Watchman."
The Young Men's Christian Associations of the world have but one official
international organ, and that is The Y.
M. C. A. Watchman, which was formerly a semi-monthly paper edited and published by W. W. Vanorsdale of Chicago.
Since the begining of 1889, the paper
has been published weekly with Mr. S.
A, Taggart, former State Secretary of
Perm., as editor. The paper has several subscribers in this city and should
have more. To any one interested in
Y. M. C. A. work, or Christian work of
any kind, the information, helpful suggestions and Bible Readings contained
in this paper are worth many times the
price of the subscription, which for this
year is only $1.50 if taken in clubs,
Secretary Fuller will be glad to take the
name of any new subscriber.
On account of important exercises the
same evening elsewhere the business
meeting of the Y. M. C. A. last month
was held half an hour earlier than usual.
Thia was preceded by a meeting of the
Board of Managers at which every
member was present. The President,
Hon. Henry Waterhouae, in the chair.
At the Association meeting the working
committees were well represented by the
various chairmen whose reports showed
an improved condition in the committee
work of the Association. Although the
The International Convention.
meeting was one of the shortest it was
The Convention just closed at Philaone of the best we have had for a long
by nearly 1,000
time. Four new members were admit- delphia was attendedseveral
from across
including
delegates,
ted.
the ocean. Among these are Robert
Burns, secretary, London, Eng., Robert
Y. M. C. A. Boys.
McCann, traveling secretary of Ireland;
Fries, of Stockholm, Sweden; H.
Karl
their
last
The Y. M. C. A. boys held
Hofer, of Zurich, Switzerland; Baron
meeting before the summer vacation on Yon Stark, of Berlin.
Thursday afternoon, June 6th. ViceThe following abstract from the report
the
absence
of
the International Committee, will
in
Fuller
presided
President
of Mrs. Dillingham, and a large num- prove interesting reading
:
STATISTICS OF THE WORK.
ber of the boys were present to hear Rev.
E. G. Porter of Lexington, Mass., who
first
statistics in the International
The
gave them a capital address on "Life in Committee's elaborate report show associations, 1273; reporting, 1141, of
Siam."
which 1110 show an aggregate memberThe meetings during the past year ship of 195,456, with 33,958 serving on
have been well attended, and more va- committees, a large increase in every
ried, interesting and profitable than ever particular over the last biennial report.
before. Besides the benefit accruing to The total net property of the associagainst
themselves the boys have done some ations reporting is $8,944,684, as
at the last report. Building
$6,053,259
others,
work
in funds are pledged amounting to $1,397for
practical missionary
supporting a boy in the Kamehameha -285 by 120 associations. Library funds
School by their own voluntary contribu- are reported by six associations; and entions. The boys will meet in Septem- dowment funds, $26,917, by four. The
ber to elect officers and plan their work expenses of the International Committee for the year were $48,248. General
for anotjjer year.
secretaries and other paid officials number 869.
Topics.
The Gospel Praise Service held in the
Y. M. C. A. Hall every Sunday evening
at 6:30, will have for this month the following topics:
July 7—God Supplies All Our Needs.
1 Kings 17:8-16; Phil. 4:19.
July 14—A Bad Bargain. Luke 9:25;
12:16-21.
July 21—Called; A Bible Reading.
Mat. 4:17-22.
July 28—Something to be Proud of.
Rom. 1:15, 16: Gal. 6:14.
Everybody invited to attend.
EVIDENCES OF GROWTH
AND PROGRESS.
Volumes in the libraries of 522 associations number 385,728. Educational
classes are reported by 234 associations,
literary societies by 148, lectures by
543 and sociables by 657; in each case
a large increase over the figures of the
last report. The attendance at the
Bible and training classes, weekly prayer
meetings, foreign missionary meetings,
Gospel and daily prayer meetings and
days of prayer for young and colleges
indicates also an average gain. Situations to the no/Tiber of 7,619 were
[July, 1889.
secured by 277 associations. Railroad
branches number 77, and boys' departments 162. Substantial progress is
shown by the statement as a whole.
INCREASING WEALTH OF THE ASSOCIATIONS.
The buildings owned by the local associations are valued at $6,829,395; furniture, $688,136; libraries, $388,517,
the volumes numbering 385,728, the
figures showing a remarkable advance,.
The increase in associations reporting
has been in ten years about 33 percent.;
in the Bible classes, 100 per cent.; the
aggregate membership 200 per cent., a
fact having an important bearing on the
increase in what are called secular
agencies. The increase in the total net
value of property, real and personal, is
$6,600,000. Another indication of growth
is the change in the quality of the secretarial force. Sixty-one young men are
now connected with the Springfield
school, taking wholly or partially the
two years' course, most of them with
their instructors attending the convention.
The report goes on to speak of the instruction in gymnastics, noting that
most of the teachers are now Christian
men. In relation to finance it is pointed out that the demand for assistance
in securing building funds and building
calls for a longer time of service in particular localities than was formerly given.
In California, for example, one man
could be employed in the matter of buildings for an entire year. Prolonged absence from home calls for expense, and
the Committee will need an addition to
the budget this year of $12,000, and as
much more the year following. Publications, correspondence and offices in
New York are additional items of expense, the committee having removed
from the rooms furnished without charge
by the association in that city.
IMPORTANT SUGGESTIONS SUBMITTED.
An increase of the funds annually
placed at the disposal of the committee,
to the sum of $65,000 is asked in view
of the growing magnitude and importance of the specific fields of effort open
to it, viz.: at the East and Northeast,
at the West and Northwest, on the
Pacific coast, at the South and Southwest, in the Dominion of Canada,
among the colored young men, among
railroad men, among German and
other young men speaking foreign languages, among students in colleges,
among commercial travellers. General
visitation of the better organized fields,
including attendance at State and local
conventions. The work at the central
office, including correspondence and
the distribution of printed and written information through circulars and
the newspapers. And, as of special importance, the secretarial department of
the work, including attention to the provision of gymnasium instructors.—
Y.
Young Men's Work,
Volume 47, No. 7.]
Annual Sermon on Home Missions,
-
THE FRIEND.
there were forty missionary couples at After all that God has done here, can we
in the field, and nearly all the doubt that this is a land very dear to
younger people had learned to read the Him? Are we presumptuous in cherishsacred book. The zeal of missionaries ing the assurance that He has in store
here, and the enthusiasm of the support- wonderful blessings for the nation dwelers at home had been followed by un- ling and to dwell in this fair, bright land?
precedented blessings from Heaven. A All the past seems to entitle us to believe
Pentecostal outpouring of the Spirit that the Lord has most favorable designs
had been given, and the people had toward us here, and to justify us in apcrowded as it were en masse into the propriating to ourselves this command
church. The entire nation had become to take no rest, and to give the Lord no
in strong conviction, Christian, and had rest, until he establish and make our
yielded itself with eager zeal to Christ- Hawaiian Jerusalem a praise in the
ian instruction and guidance. Under earth.
With all our marvellous prosperity
that guidance, the nation speedily assumed the forms of civilized society and and with an exceptionably large spiritual
Constitutional government. The insti- growth and progress on the whole, we
tutions and the order of a high and pure deeply feel that our Hawaiian churches
Christian civilization were then planted, like most other in Christian lands, have
those which we confidently believe are not been altogether a praise in the earth.
to be developed, perfected, and perpetu- Much indeed can be said in their praise.
ated.
Their devoutness, their generous liberHere we see an extraordinary expen- ality, their activity in church erection,
diture of spiritual power upon this little their contributions in men and money
nation by both human and Divine agen- to foreign missionary work, their earncies working together. We see marvel- est fellowship, and their grateful and
lous results very early realized, and still loving regard for their missionary teachcontinuing to exist and be fruitful. ers have indeed distinguished them.
Herein we seem to be justified in regard- Yet some unhappy habits and practices
ing the Hawaiian Islands as one of inherited from old heathen life, and havthose rare and peculiar strategic points ing the persistence of hereditary nature,
chosen by the King of Righteousness for have deformed the beauty of their Christthe manifestation of his power and for ian life, and tarnished the luster of their
the high and special culture of his piety. The social corruptions prevailing,
church as a center of spiritual force. If not only outside of the churches, but
ever there was a Jerusalem and a Zion also among many of their members, are
on earth outside of Palestine which has morally and physically corrosive to our
enjoyed and still enjoys the marks of population, and in their tendencies desGod's choice and peculiar blessings in tructive to society. These evils continue
things both spiritual and temporal, that as of old to decimate the Hawaiian peoJerusalem is certainly here in Hawaii. ple, and to menace their ultimate exThere has not shone among us any vis- tinction. They also corrupt character
ible Shekinah glory; nor have the sacred and impairpurity and intelligence among
steps of God's incarnate Son trodden all classes and races living here. Yet
these lovely shores to make them a Holy despite these prevalent evils in the HaLand. But there have been wonderful waiian community, we have fullest asmanifestations of Heavenly power, from surance that in their churches there is a
which all our present well-being as a large amount of earnest and consecrated
community has come. There have been piety. We should be so lovingly tolerstrange Pentecostal displays of the Di- ant to the infirmities our Lord's less
vine presence in the assemblies of the trained and less enlightened disciples as
people. Fifty-two years ago I saw the not to doubt that there are large numgreat Ewa church overflowing with two bers of truly devout and earnest Christthousand solemn listeners crowding all ians in these native churches, even
the wide verandahs, while the preacher among those who often stumble and
spoke in an inspiration exalted far above often fall into these sins from which
his natural gifts, in tones of supernatu- they lack all our safeguards of early habit,
ral power. Soon half the church yard of home.training, and of a powerful and
was covered in with lanai, where once searching public sentiment. What are
six thousand came together. There— we that we should judge them as lackhow I remember it as if yesterday—l ing religion? Do the esteemed memsaw the missionary administer baptism bers of our churches give way to no
to four hundred converts in one mem- habitual sins? Pride, arrogance, injusorable day, naming each one by a new tice, covetousness, worldly vanity, unMany other missionaries had truth, implacable anger, and all those
name.
the like and much greater experiences. manifold sins which do not work forfeit
I think of that sacred year of God's of one's place in society, how common
power with awe. Indeed this is holy these are among us, and how easily we
ground, where the Divine presence and condone them in our general estimate
power have been manifested as rarely of Christian character; since they inflict
elsewhere on earth. These great doings no social stigma, we easily charge them
of the Lord in the past are not to be for- to the broad account of human infirmgotten, but ever remembered, and to be ity. Other and grosser sins, which work
recounted to our children's children. no such forfeit of reputation and inflict
Preached in Central UnionChurch, Honolulu, June 9, 1889. work
By Rev. S. E. Bishop.
"Ye that are the Lord's remembrancers, take
no rest, and gfae him no rest, till he establish.
and till he niaku Jerusalem ;i praise in the earth."
Isaiah, tii:li, 7.
Why may we not reverently, yet boldly adopt these glowing words, and apply
them to ourselves as Christ's workers,
and to the churches and people of these
Hawaiian Islands? As was forcibly set
before us last Sabbath evening, the
Lord had chosen Israel for his inheritance. He had selected that little nation
to be the center and seed-ground of his
spiritual operations upon this globe.
Through the long Old Testament centuries he concentrated his work of revelation and redemption upon Palestine.
He chose Judah and Jerusalem for
choice and peculiar religious culture,
that they might learn somewhat to know
the Lord, and so become qualified in
their turn to make him known to all
mankind. It was his desire that his
church as planted at Jerusalem should
grow into maturity and beauty. He
wanted it to become " established,"
and be "a praise in the earth." Therefore should God's earnest working people,those especially called to his spiritual work, be intensely solicitous to gain
the accomplishment of this great end.
They should set themselves to it, and
take no rest from their exertions to gain
this noble result. They should give the
Lord no rest, but be unceasing and importunate in their petitions to him to inspire and prosper the spiritual work,
until Jerusalem, or the visible community of God's people, became strong and
predominant, and over all the earth
famed for its honor and sanctity, its
beauty and purity.
The fulfillment of this prophetic desire
has not yet arrived in any completeness
to old Jerusalem or to any considerable
portion of Christ's visible church. We
cannot yet tell whether it will ever
have any especial fulfillment to that city
on Judea's hills, or to that wonderful
race of Israel scattered through many
lands. It is common expectation that
in a perhaps soon-coming day the
churches of the Lord will cast aside
their impeding weights and their benumbing sins, and will stand forth in
their true heritage of strength and beauty,
in the full power of the Holy Spirit, and
likeness to their Lord. It is certain that
every community of churches in the
world should cherish such an ideal, and
should press forward to realize it.
It seems as if no community of Christian people in the world had a clearer
call to take these words of the text to
ourselves than we. That wonderfully
strong and concentrated application of
spiritual force which marked Jehovah's
work for Israel has had something like
its counterpart here. Fifty years ago,
when after nineteen years of missionary
labor our Hawaiian Bible was completed,
59
THE FRIEND.
60
no such stigma among Hawaiians as large a proportion have been baptized
they do among us, why should we re- this year past, as have been gathered
quire their genuine Christians to be into all the Protestant churches in Japan
proof against those? For these our less from the beginning, considering the
enlightened, less trained brothers and ratio of their membership to the populasisters in Christ, those who know tion of the Empire. A somewhat simithem best learn to exercise a kind, a lov- lar ratio might be shown to exist in the
ing, a tender allowance. So may our ease of our Chinese Christians. Why
gracious Lord and Divine Friend tender- should it not be so? These people come
ly and compassionately deal with us, out from an almost unbroken gloom of
who are so much more privileged in the heathenism into these high lights of our
knowledge of His, will yet so faulty and strong Christian communities. Surely
it has been for such a duty and such an
so wayward.
It is nevertheless the inexorable truth honor and joy as this that the Lord has
that such sins as have always been pre- called and ordained us of Hawaii, that
valent and tolerated in Hawaiian Society we shall hold up a great light in this
are very fatal to social health, very ad- mid-Pacific, whither men of many naverse to spiritual progress.
Unless tions may come and learn of their King
they can be powerfully antagonized ami and Redeemer, may see what Christ can
efficiently repressed, society cannot be do to lift up men, aud make them pure
and noble, and so themselves be won to
in a healthy and prosperous condition
a deadly leprosy will continue to pervade his allegiance.
Then it is our first need to kindle and
society and to consume its vitals. Under the now existing conditions of a wide brighten our light, so that all people who
prevalence of Sorcery and Impurity I do come here ma)- be enlightened. We
not see a satisfactory prospect of aperpet- want our churches to be made strong,
uation of our native race, nor does it seem pure, healthy, holy. We want the clear,
to me that civilized and Christian society living light of Christ to shine through
here can be said to be so "established," all these his witnesses in a stead}- luster
that it is not in much peril, although that shall be of matchless power for
great good is undoubtedly in progress, conversion to truth and holiness upon
and souls are constantly being brought all nun coming to sojourn among us.
under Christ's healing power, and stray All these churches, white or native, aie
Christ's ordained witness to his truth.
ing steps turned heavenward.
We are sometimes reminded, and it is The_\- are his organized force for the imwell spoken, we cannot be too fully p,ulation and propagation of his truth.
A painful sensation was created the
awake to the fact, that this group eon
stitutes a grand strategic point which other day in this city when it was rethe Lord has occupied and fortified in ported that the large beacon light at
his progressive conquest of the kingdoms Barbel's point had become so obscured
of the world; that we stand on the great one night by sea-spray drying on the
highway of the nations where the com- lantern that its powerful ray had dwinmercial routes of vast empires meet ami dled to a glimmer. Who could tell
cross; that Hawaii is the one chief west- what costly ships might strand on those
ward outpost of Christendom thrown reefs for lack of that beacon? Are not
forward towards the realms of the rising the Christian churches of Hawaii a
sun. We already find ourselves in the great beacon light set by our Lord and
forefront of the battle with the ancient King for guidance to the people? What
systems of Asiatic paganism. From if OUT light is dimmed and darkened? A
China and Japan we already have a male great responsibility is upon us.
population much exceeding that of our Let us glance at some points in the
native Hawaiians. These people have Home Mission woik among our Island
largely come to stay; we trust that they churches and parishes which seem most
are yet to help us spiritually as well as clearly to call for vigorous labor and exin material things, to form serviceable penditure. Foremost, I think we may
stones in the building of our Christian see, is the invigoration of our pastoral
society. But they must be enlightened and ministerial force. A good organiwith the light of Christ, they must bow zation of churches we already have.
to the supremacy of the Lord Jesus, or They are manned by a body of pastors
they can form no helpful constituent of of a degree of ability and piety far more
our Christian civilization. In fact, it is than adequate for the service that they
our accepted belief that these Asiatic are actually accomplishing. These good
people have been sent here in order to men need a large amount of special aid
learn of Christ from us. We seem to and encouragement. They are hampersee that the Lord has so wonderfully ed I))- deep poverty. In many cases
made known his name and gathered his they are worn with toil to subsist their
churches here for this very end among families, and lack strength for pastoral
others, that Hawaiian Christianity may duties. In their poverty they are often
become one of the most efficient dis- in fear of perverse and wicked church
pensers of light to the darkness of East- members, and so are unable to preach
ern Asia. How wonderfully this past and labor against crying evils. These
year has the Lord wrought among us good and devoted men must be aided by
for the conversion of the Japanese! Of those who are so well able to do this.
our Japanese people here, tenfold as The island of Kauai has already set the
.
—
July,1889.
example by the organization of a Pastor's
aid society, through which contributions
to this good work have been very wisely
and effectively distributed, The churches are encouraged to raise their pastors'
salaries by promises of subsidies in
doing so, and hearty efforts in the
chinches have been elicited in this way.
Parsonages having been built, the Aid
Society undertakes to furnish them.
In many other ways the native pastors
are assisted, and their efficiency promoted, and the native and foreign Christisns feel the bond of mutual kindness
and help. It is to be hoped that similar
Pastor's Aid Societies will speedily be
formed on the other islands, availing
themselves of the happy experience of
Kauai, and that a very liberal support
will be given them. All that we can do
to promote the activity and efficiency of
the Native Pastorate, will more effectively build up all the churches under
their care than any other agency.
Working in another way to the same
end of pastoral efficiency will be our
new missionaries from the American
Board, whose leading work will be in
spiritual aid and counsel to the pastors
and their churches. One able and experienced man has already arrived whose
earnest spirit is a great refreshment to
us. We hope for more soon to follow.
These men must be liberally supported
out of such means as tlie Lord has bestowed upon his more favored followers.
The native pastors have already given
a happy and unanimous welcome to'
Let us cooperate
Mr. Wcstervelt.
abundantly in their work.
Full provision must be made for filling and recruiting the ranks of our native ministry. Such provision is now
seriously deficient. Our head of the X.
P. M. Institute, who has done such a
noble work, and borne such heavy burHe cannot
dens, needs more help.
always carry such a load. I wish he
had a coadjutor, who could take half his
seminary work and care, before he succumbs to the pressure. He has been
laboriously striving to gather a very
moderate sum to decently house this
important school. How can a better
investment be made for the Lord's
work than in putting this indispensable
and most successful school of the prophets into a fitting condition?
How are recruits to be found for the
institute, candidates for training for the
ministry? The most important feeder
for supplying trained and devout young
men, has been and is the Hilo Boarding
School. This school is now languishing through poverty ( although eminently successful and prosperous in its work.
Such a school is the creation of generations of faithful missionary work under
the blessings of the Spirit of God. It
calls for your liberal help. Its failure
would be a most disastrous loss to our
churches and to the supply of our Pastoral Force.
Your are already conversant with the
Volume 47, No. 7.]
THE
needs and the inestimable service of our
various Boarding and Training Schools
for both sexes, and have learned to be
generous in their maintenance. Every
year will call for larger expenditure upon
these in which lies so much of the nation's hope.
There still lie before us the great
and ever enlarging fields of evangelizing
labor for the immigrant races. In this
work our churches have already shown
a high activity, and a zeal that is continually bringing its own reward to the
earnest workers. Yet we can see how
much more might be done and ought to
be done at once. Our missionary to the
Chinese ought by this time to be supported by one or more coadjutors to help
in the enlarging work, while he himself
should receive an adequate stipend,
without need of recourse to privatemeans. These Chinese schools and
churches are prospering and constantly
pushing for extension. Shall they be
cramped for lack of funds, as they
have been ? Considering the great
ness of our opportunity here, how small
our past performance!
Never was there a more successful
and fruitful work for the Lord that that
which in now going on for the Japanesepeople. It has not been costly to us.
We ought to do more for it. It will inevitably need a great deal of help.
So I might go on and point out this
and the other call for support in the
various branches of the Lord's work.
Our more prosperous Christians have
been largely called upon in past years,
and have responded to the call as I believe, far beyond what is generally found
in Christian churches. We may indeed
greatly rejoice in the liberality of our
prosperous Christians. They have been
learning to give, and have tasted much
of the luxury of giving. It now seems
as if our Lord and King were calling on
you to find a yet higher satisfaction in
more abundant tribute. It has been a
year of unwonted financial prosperity.
Your means have been greatly augmented of late, and now the call comes
is it not a clear and loud call ?—for you
to deal generously by the Lord's work
even as He has dealt graciously with you.
Do this, and doubt not that He will
greatly bless you. He will build you up
spiritually. These renovated and spiritually enriched churches all over the
Islands will in their turn impart to you
and yours of their own spiritual increase.
All things seem this year to point to
a "new departure " in spiritual activity
and in church growth and prosperity.
Reinforced in personal strength of workers, invigorated by sufficient means,
shall we not confidently ask and expect
the one essential help of God's Holy
Spirit without which all other expenditure and toil remain unproductive, but
which help is never withheld from the
prayers of Christ's workers?
Let us then take no rest, brethren,
from these holy labors and this sacred
-
61
FRIEND.
tribute, and let us give the Lord no
rest, until as the years of effort and
gifts and prayers go on we see him establishing this our Hawaiian Jerusalem,
and making her a praise in the earth.
Then shall bis word be fulfilled unto us,
"Arise: shine; for thy light is come,
and the glory of the Lord is risen upon
thee."
Annual Meeting of the W. B. M. P. I.
The Woman's Board held their Annual Meeting the first week in June.
On Tuesday afternoon, about forty ladies
met in the ladies' parlor of the Central
Union Church. Afrer the regular monthly business, the reports of the Home and
Foreign .Secretaries were read. The
foreign correspondence has been rather
small this year. A few letters from
members abroad and from Micronesia.
The Home Secretary g;ive reports from
the Maui branch, which has been in a
very flourishing Condition during the
past year; also from the Hilo branch.
These are the only places outsice of
Honolulu, where regular meetings are
maintained. The Secretary of the
Gleaners, Mrs. E. C. Damon, presented
their report; and Mrs. Coan that of the
Helping Hand. Both of these are Auxiliary Societies. Mrs. Miyama was
present and gave an interesting account
of their work among the Japanese. Mrs.
J. M. Cooke read a paper, a memorial
of Mrs. M. A. Alexander, giving quite a
full account of her missionary life, Mrs.
A. was for main- years a Vice-President
of our Board. Miss M. A. Chamberlain read a touching memorial of our
much missed member, Mrs. L. F. Dickson. Both of these papers will be found
in the printed report. By request, this
was followed by the singing of the
Hymn ".Some Sweet Day, Bye and
Bye," by Mrs. E. C. Damon and Miss
M. Beck with. Business reported by
Committees followed and the meeting
was closed with the Doxology.
The second session was held in the
vestry of C. U. Church, taking the place
of the Monthly Concert. Mrs. S. M.
Damon had decorated the room very
beautifully. Mrs. H. Bingham presiding; the opening exercises of prayer
and Scripture reading were by Rev. E.
G, Beckwith. Treasurer's Report was
presented by Mrs. J. M.Whitney, Treasurer pro tern, showing a balance of $145
in the Treasury. Mrs. S. E. Bishop,
Recording Secretary, gave quite a full
account of the girl's school on Ponape,
as represented by Miss Fletcher during
her recent visit here, on her way to the
States. Also extracts from letters written by Miss Palmer and Miss Dr. Ingersol with a brief sketch of the Home
Work among Hawaiians and Chinese.
A selected choir of girls from Kawaiahao Seminary sung an Anthem very
sweetly.
Thirteen little Chinese girls recited
texts of Scripture and portions of
Hymns, closing by singing "Jesus
Loves Me," in English and Chinese.
Miss Mary E. Green presented her
reyort of Home Evangelistic Work,
Mrs. F. W. Damon that of Chinese
Work, both of which were exceedingly
interesting and appear in full in the
printed report.
The Anthem "From the Cross Up
Lifted High," was sung by Mrs. E. C.
Damon and others. The closing address of the President Mrs. H. Bingham was upon the "Work of Woman
for Women," as shown in the various
Boards now in operation, showing how
the work began, and how it has been
carried forward. Benediction by Rev.
E. G. Porter of Lexinton, Mass.
The Annual Tea-Party given by the
Woman's Board to the members of the
Evangelical Association, was held on
Thursday from 4to 6 P.M. About two
hundred guests were present. The cordial hand-shaking and -aloha, testified to
the good will prevailing. A bountiful
repast of coffee and other refreshments
gave social cheer. This was followed
by programme, opened with prayer by
the venerable Dr. Lowell Smith. Mrs.
Bingham gave an address of welcome
in Hawaiian. Dr. Hyde by request of
Mrs. Bingham was in charge of these
exercises. He called upon Judge Judd,
Mr. P. C. Jones, Rev. O. Emerson,
Rev. W. Westervelt; Rev. E. G. Porter,
a young Chinese teacher, Mr. Ban, a
Japanese, Rev. S. Desha, Rev. Nawahine, and a Gilbert Island teacher; for
speeches, which were all happy in expression and met with cheerful response.
Intersperse was selected, music by the
Theological Students accompanied on
the piano by their instructor, Mrs. Hyde.
Also singing of Hymns in which all
joined. Closed by singing "In the Cross
of Christ I Glory."
As evening drew on the company
broke up, all ready to say, that they
were taking away pleasant remembrances.
Cornelia A. Bishop,
Recording Secretary.
Punchbowl.
IRead at Oahu College, June 19th, by Ellen Bit knell. I
We take pleasure in printing the following essay, by a young student*of
Oahu College, both as a specimen of the
scientific work being done under Professor Lyons, and for its great intrinsic
interest.
Punchbowl was so named because its
circular shape and the crater in the top
give it some resemblance to a great
bowl. Being situated directly back of
Honolulu, Punchbowl is a familiar sight
to all, and many have been to the top to
see the beautiful view which it affords.
Standing on the summit, one can see
for miles about him in every direction.
In front the town, harbor and the ocean
are seen, at the left Waikiki and Dia-
62
mond Head, to the right the Waianae
mountains in the distance, and to the
north Nuuanu and Pauoa valleys and
the mountains. Altogether it is a view
at which few can -keep from exclaiming
in admiration.
Under the supervision of the government a good carriage road is being
made around the inner edge of the
crater and running in a long, easy grade
down the east side. It reaches the plain
just beyond Lunalilo Home, when, turning to the south, it joins a street. Before long the townspeople and tourists
will be able to enjoy the beautiful view
without first having to undergo a toilsome climb. A drawback to the full enjoyment of the drive may result from the
fact that the soil is soft and deep, so
that it will be impossible to drive fast.
Though many persons have climbed
Punchbowl, doubtless only a few have
thought to examine at all its geological
structure, so that even a very meagre and
imperfect description may be of some
interest.
Punchbowl is a tufa cone, whose
highest point is about 500 feet above
the level of the ocean.
Like nearly all tufa cones, the sides
of Punchbowl are steep; almost everywhere they are thickly covered with
lantana bushes, making it uncomfortable
to stray far from the paths.
When disintegration began, the loosened particles were carried by the winds
and rains from the steep slopes to the
level plain.
But in the bottom of the crater the
decomposed rock remained, forming a
soil so deep that a small forest of algaroba trees is growing well in it.
A few weeks ago, some boys discovered what they thought were fossil
shells. Investigation, however, showed
that they belonged to the shellfish so
commonly eaten by the natives, and
that there were tell-tale bits of charcoal
close by, the remains of a fire at which
they had probably been roasted.
No doubt the shells had been taken
there by natives, and it may be only a
few years' ago, since there was also
found with them the flint of an old
musket.
A short distance below the flagstaff is
the entrance of a cave. It is said that
in, old times the natives were in the
habit of placing their sacrifices on the
ledges around this cave, because they
believed that the spirits came up through
it. It is to this practice that the hill
owes its native name, "Puuowaina."
How far in the cave extends and whether
it was formed by nature or by man I am
not able to say. The side of the hill
just beneath it had been cut away to
make the road, and had raised the opening so far above our heads that we were
unable to reach it.
The point on which the flagstaff
stands differs from the rest of the crater
in consisting of genuine lava. Some of
this is compact and highly crystalline, and
THE FRIEND.
July, 1889.
some, like the lava which boils up in the have become lined with crystals. I
crater of Halemaumau, is red and frothy found that they were of two kinds; one
because of the oxidation of its iron. The kind which is easily acted on by HCI
lava did not spread but was heaped up consists of a carbonate of lime. The
until it formed a large mound. The other crystal is not attacked by HCI, but
workmen have cut down about 15 feet is probably some silicate.
into the mound and exposed specimens
These crystals are not found in the
of lava which look so fresh it is hard to bombs alone, but have been deposited
believe they are several hundred years also in crevices and openings in the
tufa, and well illustrate the beginning of
old.
Following down the hillside in almost metamorphic action.
a straight line from this point, and a
The ditch which has recently been cut
little to the east of the path, one comes near the foot of Punchbowl gives a fine
upon a fine dike. At this place the tufa opportunity for studying the structure of
cracked open and allowed melted lava the rocks. We find in following it that
to ooze out to a height of two or three' the nature of the rocks changes suddenfeet. The lava is black, solid and very ly. Rocks which are very much decomhard, but though the tufa on each side posed being in contact with solid rocks
is thoroughly baked by contact with the indicating that the latter are of a later
molten rock, there are no signs of meta- formation.
morphic change. Other dikes besides
In one place we find a layer of black
this are to be found on Punchbowl. volcanic sand overlaid with white ash.
The widest point of this one measures
On a low, sloping bank, was a small
barely two feet, while for some distance patch of pure white ash, which was very
delicately veined, resembling the veins
near the point it is not an inch wide.
Three principal valleys have been in leaves. It was very pretty, but, I
worn down the front of Punchbowl by regret to say, so delicate that it was imerosion. In one of these, we discovered possible to get a good specimen. The
fossil shells, There were quite a num- veins had probably been formed by fine
ber, of not less than four species, but streams of water trickling through the
for lack of a proper implement with earth just above.
which to dig them out, we were unable
In one place a valley had been worn
to get many.
by erosion, but afterwards filled up
These shells are of a different kind again, perhaps because an earthquake
from any now found on the mountains. had turned the water of the stream into
The rock in which they were imbedded is a new channel.
a sort of conglomerate, consisting of
To those who are interested in geology,
tufa cemented together with carbonate and understand it, almost every feature
of lime. Fossil shells of the same spe- in the cone has some meaning, and
cies, and in the same sort of formation much more could be said on this subject
have been found also on Diamond if there was time for further study.
Head.
In the examination of the rocks, let Address of the Retiring President of the
us begin at the quarry. Here the strata
Hawaiian Mission Children's Society,
are easily seen, and are quite distinct
Key. W. B. Oleson.
and regular. The angle of the dip is
not great, being from about 6° to 10°.
OUR HERITAGE AND OUR INSPIRATION.
The strata at the quarry, which is in a
God gives no man work to do without
spur of the cone, dip toward the west.
On Punchbowl itself the dip is at a giving abundant inspiration to sustain
much greater angle and generally away and stimulate him in all his endeavors.
from the cone. The rocks on the sur- Where an urgent duty exists, there likeface are very much broken up, so that wise exists alongside it an adequate inlarge pieces can easily be detached with spiration, to call out the highest type of
the fingers. They also have a jointed consecration and endeavor. Not infrestructure, and in the joints has frequently quently an obligation holds within itself,
been deposited a thin layer of white in embryo, latent power of invigoration
material, which glitters in the sun like and sustenance that are waiting for concrystals of salt. The color of the rocks secrated purpose to unfold and develop
and the kind of material of .which they their beneficence. We inherit obligaare formed vary greatly in successive tions, but we inherit the inspiration to
beds. In some the rock is fine-grained hold us true to such responsibilities, and
and seems to have been formed from to kindle into fresh glow our consecravolcanic ashes, but in others it is coarse- tion to the Master's service.
It is to such an obligation and to such
grained, being composed of volcanic
an inspiration that I wish to direct your
sand and cinders.
There are more than a dozen kinds of attention this evening. Exceptional oprock in the formation of Punchbowl, a portunities for personal effort and for
united Christian service are presenting
soft brown rock predominating.
Imbedded in the soft rock are bombs, themselves, and the obligation rests
that is, masses of rock which have been heavily upon this organization as one of
thrown when only partly melted into the the agencies for sustaining Christian
soft tufa. They are very hard and are effort in these islands, to seize the opfull of small cavities, many of which portunity and to recover for Protestant
THE FRIEND.
Christianity somewhat of its former
prestige here.
It is beginning to be mooted in our
magazine literature whether Protestantism possesses permanent elements of
success as a missionary force. There
are indications here both in the present
status of our Hawaiian churches and in
the comparative feebleness with which
our Protestant agencies cope with the
problem of evangelizing the non-Christian elements in our population that, in
the minds of certain writers, of the Canon Taylor class, are proef positive of the
decadent influence of Protestantism as a
missionary agency. But we, who are
acquainted with the situation, know well
enough that this condition oT things is
not indicative of inherent weakness in
our religion but rather of a woeful absence of adequate forces to give proper
impact to the power of our faith.
There should be no disheartenment
because there is so much about us needing to be done that is not being done.
Protestantism having made signal
triumphs in these islands that have
thrilled the world, is not going to flicker
out now like an exhausted candle.
What it has done is the measure of what
it can do, and what it must do toward
the redemption of this land for Christ.
It is puerile to say or think that the
power which has wrought such changes
here in the past sixty years is not equal
to the task of coping successfully with
the altered conditions of Christian endeavor now. Our Protestant agencies
need to be rehabilitated, not superseded.
The present movement to introduce new
missionaries into this field, so auspici-
ously begun, is indicative of an aroused
sense of obligation; and in the light of
the historical development of Christianity, the arousal of the sense of obligation for work needing to be done has always been the precursor of a definite
advance and triumph of Christian forces.
When Christian conscience is fairly
awakened to the pressure of obligation,
evangelistic enterprises in every direction feel the impetus and flow of new
life.
Let us look anew at the- obligations
pressing upon this community and upon
this Society as a missionary organization. These obligations are known to
us all, none being present this evening
who have not in greater or less measure
felt their burden, bnt it is well that we
look at them once more as we pause for
a moment at the threshold of another
year's outlook.
There can certainly be no greater
obligation resting upon us as our inheritance from the past than that we should
see to it that the conquests of other
years are not lost through default. It
is essential to the integrity of Protestant
missions the world around that the
scenes of former triumphs of the Gospel
in the Hawaiian Islands should not become the scene of signal defeat. The
obligation is a very strenuous one that
the successes of Protestant endeavor in sionaries was sufficient to justify the
the past should be conserved in the in- sacrifice and life-long devotion of those
terests of the human souls who are to be fearless men and women, the opportunredeemed and sustained in Christian liv- ity bequeathed to us to take up the
ing. It is matter also of vital concern agencies which once wrought so wonderto existing Christian institutions here, (ul a work of grace here contains in itand to the continuance of a fruitful and self an obligation no less imperative
vigorous piety among such as are al- than the original call to the missionary
ready Christian believers, that the past fathers to cast their lot in this island
should be eclipsed even by an aggressive kingdom. I believe there is no question
and conquering faith and zeal. But it as to the wisdom of that early consecrais above all of utmost importance to the tion of able men and women to the work
cause of Protestant Christian missions of the Redeemer in this isolated and
everywhere that there should be no re- comparatively insignificant portion of
trograde movement here, but that, on the our great teeming world. I believe that
contrary, there should be tangible and it is regarded as a masterly stroke of
abundant evidence of the value and con- Christian strategy that here in the highstancy of Protestantism as a missionary way of the nations a Christian civilizaforce.
tion has been planted and nurtured until
The fact has been published world- now its beneficent influence is recognized
wide by missionary organizations that gratefully in other lands. It is certainly
the Hawaiian Islands have become no less the part of wisdom and Christian
Christianized, as undoubtedly they have, generalship to hold for Christ what has
and the fact has been dwelt upon as a been so signally won for him, and no
motive to the speedy culmination of mis- less imperative that able and consecrated
sionary effort in other lands. Mean- men and women who can labor to great
while the gradual disappearance of the purpose, for instance, in a land like
forces that brought about the great Japan, much as the early missionaries
transformation in life here has effected here might have done had their steps
a most natural result, and visitors from been guided thither, should heed the call
abroad discover that the glowing de- to continue the effectiveness of Christian
scriptions of the former days are not a agencies among the Hawaiian people.
truthful representation of the present The fathers won a place in the confiestate of Protestant Christian effort in dence and affection of the native race
these islands. Thus the honor of all by their real and abiding interest in
who have had part in the redemptive Hawaiians as men and women in need
Work of other years is at stake, and of salvation and justly entitled to the
every mission enterprise in the world is expenditure of whatever talent and
vitally affected by the status of Protes- strength and means were at command
tant missions here. Hence there is an in promoting evangelical piety among
exceedingly strenuous obligation resting them. A pressing obligation rests upon
upon all concerned to see to it that the this Christian community and upon each
conquests of other years are net lost and every man and woman who would
through default.
hope to accomplish real and abiding
There is likewise an-urgent obligation results among Hawaiians to manifest
in the opportunities conveyed to us from the same kindly interest and to be as
the past. This is not new mission transparently devoted to their spiritual
ground, where standing room must be welfare as were those who captured this
secured for Christian truth, and where people by their self-sacrificing love. The
agencies for Christian effort must be victories of grace in the years to come
newly organized, and where all the as in the years that are gone will follow
foundation work of Christian institutions victories of love and of kindly interest
is yet to be laid. On the contrary there and bearing toward those for whom the
has come down to us a heritage of special evangelistic effort now contemChristian opportunity in the established plated is intended.
It is one of the incidental evils of the
agencies for Christian effort, in the access afforded Gospel truth to the mass social development of our foreign white
of the people, in the prestige of previous population that the ties which bound the
conquests of the word of God, and in early foreign residents to the native race
the hospitable welcome which our Ha- are being sundered. In no direction is
waiian brethren are waiting to extend to this more apparent than in the religious
reinforcements from abroad. This is development of our various island comour opportunity, and it should be seized munities. The foreign church work,
in a spirit of the largest devotion to the varied and important beyond what is
world-wide interests of Christ's King- usual in communities of like size elsedom. Paul and Luke and Mark re- where, absorbs the energies and sympasponded to the call which sent them far thies of foreign Christians in no small
hence to the Gentiles, but Peter and degree, and consequently draws away
James and John abode at Jerusalem from the native churches, in greater or
strengthening that which remained of less degree, the fellowship and assistance
true religion among the Jewish nation which were so essential and beneficent
and fanning it into the glow of Christian in the early days.
purpose. If the call which brought to
There have been other causes which
these islands the early American mis- it is not necessary to allude to here, that
THE FRIEND
have interrupted the former relations of
cordiality between foreigners and natives.
It is only necessary in this connection to
call attention to the.gradual disappearance of the causes which have led to this
condition of things, and to the evident
ushering in of a better era of confidence
and good feeling. It is specially opportune to give play now to those kindly
sentiments which characterized the days
when Hawaiian church-life was at its
best. A neglect to meet the obligation
which the present opportunity offers,
may, and probably will, seriously endanger the state of religion in all our
churches, foreign as well as native. The
reflex blessing of a good deed done is
not more sure than the reflex damage
resulting from an obligation not met.
I do not need to emphasize these
obligations, for they are recognized and
their urgency realized by the membership of this society. I call attention to
them anew that the spirit to meet them,
which is abundantly apparent, may be
stimulated and sustained by a consideration of the sources of inspiration which
are included in this inheritance of responsibility. And first, I would direct
your attention to the inspiration which
should come to us in the thought that in
a preeminent sense the work of evangelizing Hawaii nei is our work. I do not
mean by this the work solely of this
society, nor in the best sense do I mean
by this the work of any organization
here at the islands. Rather, I mean the
personal responsibility and service of
Christian foreigners. In the arrangements of God's Providence he has
brought it about that there should be
residing in the Hawaiian Islands at this
time of special evangelistic need, a body
of intelligent men and women, of like
faith and purpose with the early laborers
here, who are ready to assume obligations of no mean proportions and to
sustain every wise gospel effort hy gifts
and prayer. In God's Providence we
are here, many as heirs by blood, some
as heirs by the will of God, and being
here, and being, as we trust, obedient
unto the call of our inheritance, this is
our work.
This, indeed, should likewise be our
inspiration. There is an ownership in
obligation that is its own stimulus. For
there is back of such obligation a tremendous pressure that, if we do not
meet the responsibility which appeals
with peculiar force to us, no one else is
likely to feel the force of the appeal in
anything like the same measure, nor
can they, in any event, meet the obligation so advantageously and with such
prospect of success. By a manful acceptance and discharge of responsibilities
•peculiarly our own, we shall attract help
from others. So much then is dependent on our attitude toward the resumption of missionary effort among Hawaiians, so much is possible in behalf of the
race by faithfulness on our part, and by
a dup recognition of the extent and bear-
ing of our responsibility that we ought the facings of his character and influence
to feel within us the promptings of a on Gospel effort at home and abroad.
high and holy enthusiasm.
The marching orders of the Christian
church are, "Disciple all nations." In
this vast undertaking Christian strategy
plays its part, but this evidently does,
not mean that the vantage points are all
in the midst of dense population or on
continental shores. No finer display of
missionary strategy lights up the horizon
of Christian conquest than the advent of
the early Christians on the coasts of
Britain. Isolated, barbarous, and apparently powerless to affect the destinies
of the world, Britain might easily have
been neglected in the onward movement
of Christian zeal. The world is propelled by ideas. The heroism of missionaries on islands in the Pacific has
electrified the Christian world and given
propulsion to mission work such as most
roseate tables of statistical growth in
India or Turkey or China have been
powerless to accomplish. A drifting
canoe-load of Micronesians in whose
hearts the Gospel of Christ has found
lodgement is picked up by a passing
vessel in mid-Pacific, carried to Asia
and thence to America on their way
back to their island home, affording an
illustration in their daily demeanor of
Christian fortitude and faithfulness that
has been rarely surpassed in the annals
of Christian dynamics.
There is inspiration for us in the
thought that, relatively, Christian effort
in these islands is so important and essential to the world's salvation. The
commercial and political importance of
the Hawaiian Islands is out of all proportion to area and population. Recent
complications in the Pacific have lent
fresh emphasis to the fact that this importance hinges-on location. It is this
fact which likewise makes these islands
so essential to the progress of Christian
ity in the world. A comparative!}' small
outlay of missionary funds and of missionary forces can be made to preempt
this land for Christ to the end of time.
A sustained and aggressive Christian
faith and practice in this mere speck on
the bosom of the broad Pacific makes
itself felt wherever steam or canvas
carries men over the sea. There can he-
One Christian life nobly lived here
makes its pulse-beat felt on-every ship
that leaves our shores, in every port
where the white wings of commerce
swell, in the teeming cities of inland
China, in circles of Japanese diplomacy,
in the city that looks out on the world
through Golden Gates, in the lone
islands to the west and south, in prosperous Australia, in distant mission
fields where weary hearts are nerved to
fresh endeavor by the story of faithful
occupancy of consecrated soil, in the
quiet homes which supply the means
and men to sustain the effort for the
world's redemption.
In our limited population the relative
value of individual souls in its bearing
on the character of our civilization, and
on the redemptive work of Christianity
abroad in the world is so great that it
should lend inspiration to every laborer
in the vineyard. What may be done in
the way of begetting Christian hope and
purpose in one heart here, is equivalent
in the total effect of Christian influence
to a like result in the hearts of ten in
inland China or Japan. A Christian
community of twenty thousand in India
or China or Japan does not begin to
measure the value and influence of such
a community in this highway of the
nations.
Our inheritance of responsibility is
great, but the sources of inspiration are
more than adequate to hold us to the
highest type of constancy in Christian
endeavor. Let no evil spirit of pessimism
rob us of our birth-right and defraud us
of our blessing.
HAWAIIAN
ALMANAC & ANNUAL
FOB 188©.
This regular and favorite publication
is now in iis fifteenth year, and has
proved itself a reliable hand-book of
reference OO matters Hawaiian;conveying
■ better knowledge of the commercial,
agricultural, political and social progress
of ihe islam Is ihan any publication extant
Oideis fiom ahroail or From the other
Islands attended is with promptness.
Prick—to Postal Union ('"unities 60
cts. each, which can be remitted !>) Money
( rrder. Price to any pari of these islands
50 cents each.
Hack numbers to 1575 can be had, excepting for the years 1879 and ISS2.
Address:
no such faith and practice worthy the
name which stands idly by unmoved at
even the suggestion of spiritual decadence close at hand. World-wide is the
THOS. C. THRUM,
testimony which these islands must give
fei-88
Publisher, Honolulu.
either for Christ or against Him.
Where else is it possible for a single
laborer .in the vineyard to so widely T 1). LANE'S
affect the ultimate conversion of the
world as by personal endeavorfor Christ
in this land where every Christian life is
No. 130 Fort Street, near Hotel,
magnified ten-fold in its bearing on the
Manufacturer o(
dominant type of civilization.
Head Stones, Tombs,
The ideal Christian life like Carlyle's Monuments,
Tablets, Marble Mantles, Marblework of every
ideal man needs to be four-square. But
DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER AT THE
in Hawaii nei the Christian who is true
lowest possible rates.
to his high estate and comes up to the Monuments and Headstones t loaned and Reset.
Orders
from
theother islands Promptly attended to.
measure of his heritage is decahedral in janB7yr
MARBLE WORKS,