Text
INSERT No.1
Trip around Oahu by Leyi Chamberlain. in 1826.
[June 21-July 11,1826]
THIS IS A REf'uODlJcTl0N O"~
AN UNPUBlIS1-iED MM~USC:H?T
FOR REFERENCE AND STUDY CNty
NOT TO BE REPRODUC"D IN ANY \\
WITHOUT WR1TIENPE1VldSSION Or
THE COP'(lUGHT OWNER
Wednesday June 21, 1826
Set out this afternoon in company with Taomi and eight
d
others as attendanfts to make a tour of the island of Oahu in
order to visit the schools, to give instruction & encourage the
teachers & scholars.- There have been
c~rtain
teachers
engage~
in
instructing the people who have lead their scholars astray. One
of our objects is to warn the people against s~ch teachers & .
against .all who instruct contrary to the word of God.
At 4 o'clock arrived at Kalihi, examined two'~chools, and'
addressed a pretty large congregation of people probably 250.
Towards sundown we arrived at Moanarua. Found the scholar's assembled in·a large and convenient house built upon the edge of tbe
1'mlinence overlooking the valley of Moanarua.
We commenced immediately the examination and found but 9
out of 67 who were not acquainted with the letters. The nine were
as
familiar with them. standing in their order in the alphabet, but
"-
o
did not appear to have been tAught to call them promiscuously.
The whole number 67 were able to repeat sentences as pointed out
to them. After the examination Taomi made an-appropriate address
which I followed by a few remarks on some points which he omitted
& concluded with a short prayer.- We passed from the school house
to the housi of the head man~ who spread mats for our accommodation on the floor of his house, brought'in a calabash of nice
o
fish just c¢ught & some very good baked "taro.- Having partaken·>
of a
co~ortable repas~
& cammitted our selves by prayer to the
care of our heavenly father we betook ourse'lv-es to repose, but
my sleep was not very refreshing owing to a hard bed, though
i..
-2-
better one than I can hope to he furnished with every night durdillg my jom:ney.
This afterno'on the Nio sailed for Canton.
Thursday June 22nd.
A slffiple though comrortable breaks
fast consisting
of . a baton of tea & fried fish with some hard
.
bread.
After prayers we set out from Moanarua, ascended tbe
eminences on the west of the valley. Ronoruru with its houses and
coco.nut trees, its harbOJ:: and masts presented i tse::tf to view
while in bold relief stood forth Punchbowl hill & farther to the
east
&.
southward the singularly shaped object DiaIl10nd hill. The
prospect was very· beautiful, the mountains of the interi.or capJjed
with clouds, the ascending sun towering above them
ing -clpilds flying before th'e breeze.- .At
&.
the scatter-
i past 10 we arrived
at Kalauao where a school had .assembled awaiting inspection, the
scholars 59 in number) 28 of whi.ch were acquainted with the letters.- After the examination was through Taomi made an address
¥I
afterwards gave a short exhortation
&.
sung a hymn
&.
Taomi
concluded with prayer.Visited a second school in Kalauao where religious worship
was conducted in which both of us took
~art
and passed on to
Waiau thr1?ugh Waimalu where there is no school.
We found the
~cholars assembled 41 in number and on examination found 24
acquainted with the letters. There is a deficiency of books in
the ~chool. The head man wished to have books for all the people
under his care except the blind.
From Waiau we passed on to ¥mnananui crossing the Ahupuaa
Walffiano where the people noho rna ka pauli not having a school or
any means of instruction.
At fulanananui Taomi, who had preceeded
her husband two or three days on the same errand of +ove, had
-3-
assembled the people.
We arrived while she was engaged in de-
livering an exhortation.
She was followed by a male
t
wh9 was one of her company.
our company entered.
teac~er
At the close of the exhortations,
I made a short address to the interesting
assemblage within consisting of about 100 per,spns, . and Taomi
closed the services with prayer.Taomi wahine has been sent by the chiefs accompanied by
seven female and two male teachers to assemble the people of the
different places thro~out this isla~~, converse with t~em,
instruct them and correct any errors which may'have been introduced by ignorant or vicious persons who ·have gone forth as instructors without being sent.
From Manananui we passed by 1funanaliilii & came into the
Ahupuaa Waiawa,- In this district there are two fchools, the
teac~er of the first was absent, the Scholars of the 2nd were
asse:m.bled
&
ready fc:r examination on our arrival: - of 52 ~chol-
ars 38 were aCQuainted with the letters.~chool
Having exa:mined: the
the peo~le of the neighborhood were assembled to attend to
the exhortations of Taomi wahine.
It was nearly dark nhen these
exercises were closed and I was glad to suspend further labors &
accept of the invitation of Jame_s Kahuhu to spend the nigh G with
him at
~iJaipio.-
Gur
company Taom ma
&
the other company Taomi
wahine rna took up lodgings in one house and though none of the best,
good company of which the na ti ve s seem to feel they have a 'good
share will enable them to pass a pleasant night.
Eovo[ it 7lill
be to me I shall be better able to judge in th6illorning.-
I have
had a pretty comfortable sup:per or at least my appeti te rendered it so, it con~~ed, of a dish of tea, part of a cold fowl
-4-
dressed in a ckan manner by the direction of Kanepaiti who is
Chief of the division called Kalana and consists of 13
~upuaa.
I had also poi, taro &, bread.Friday June 23rd.
Arose at about
found myself refreshed with repose.
cup of tea
ing.-
&,
some hard bread.
i
past 5 oJcl ock &,
For breakfast had a tin
This was all I obtained this morn-
James brought his school together at an early hour. It
consisted of 105 scholars·of whom 88 were able to read tbeir
letters promiscuously including 16 able to read in the
37 in plain reading.
hyr~s
&,
After the examination was through,. Taomi
wahine· held a hooikaika meeting in reference to the object. of
her visi t.
At 10
il clock we
[slCj
went on to the next district, "Naike.re
where there are three schools in all containing 76 scholars one
of which of 18 scholars has been just formed and the scholars are
entirely destitute of books.
The schools of this district and.
Waipio are to be united &, come under the care of James Kahuhu,
who has received instruction from th.a King to take the general
sU:gerin tendance of the schools in Naiawa, :Nai.pio
&,
Waikere. I
have recoIillilended him to assemble the teachers of the schools
alice a week to instruct them in
~riting
&, to give advice as to
the best manner of instructing .
. tA~
tS/~J
The scholars of these schools were examined in the same
A
place of assembling.
&,
took dinner.
At this place we tarried till afternoon
At a quarter before three we set out for Hoaiai
where there is a school of 24 scholars II only of which know
their letters.
From Hoaiai we went on to
z..
Honouliul~
is also a school which I visited. It contains 38
where there
sc~olars
22 of
which are acquainted with the letters. This is the last place
-5-
.
where we shall find schools till we arrive at Waianai..
We took up lodgings enmasse at the house of the head man,
Koa'''''- who seemed to ta:ke' pleasure in entertaining our com.pany
which consisted as last night of Taomi & Taomi wahine and their
attendants which has now increased to nearly thirty persons. I
was amused with the piece of work the natives had in cutting up ,.
& dividing a hog brought in by Koa. Two or three kanakas had
their hands & as many dogs their noses in the mess.- Several
hungry boys stood about and were as eager in catching at the
& in licking up the
successful.
gra~J
~
as .the dogs· were and were scarcely IDDre
A.s for myself having taken a porringer of tea &c I
did not join with the company in eating up the half baked hog,
but I had a portion reserved for me against the time I should
need it, and though my piece underwent a good handling I was
glad of something in prospect to eat, as I had begun to fear that
I should come off pretty short.
in the native language
After prayers which conducted
I laid myself
dOI'/ll
in a com.fortable
place in the small house where we had taken up lodgings & enjoyed a good nightfs repose.Saturday June 24th.
At 20 minutes after 7 ofclock
[$M..]
I set out with our company for
Waianai.
At 20 minutes after
10 we arrived at Waimanalo, ~here we stopped till it was time
for some refreshment.- Conversed with the :peo.ple who seemed
much interested.
At this place saw a child with a white skin, both parents
they say are natives, its face was disfigured 'with sores & it
appeared sickly.-
I did not examine the child very closely as
it seemed to shrink from inspection and the parents soon carried
it off.- Its appearance was not like that of a child of mixed
&.
blood, its hair was flax color
children of foreigners
&.
its skin was whiter than the
was more hairy than a child of 5 o·r 6
years 91d which from its size I supposed might be its age.
{$u..1
From Waimanalo we persued our way along the beach over a
1\
sandy
&.
laborious path; the sand being white the fierce rays of
the sun rendered it very uncomfortable for the eyes.-
The moun-
tains which rise on this side of the island .are very steep &.
broken and present a very
pictures~ue
appearance.- The mountains
in several places rise almost perpendicular with sharp f~]ridges,
and in such' manner as to form. nearly a semi-circle.
(51'-1
It was
.
about 6 O[Cloc~when we arrived at Waianai" I was very tired and
glad of rest.
This is a very beautiful place', opening an exten-
sive valley from the S E by S. to W. N. W. having a view of tte
sea from ~hose points.- At the S. E. by~J point a ridge of hill
rises extending into the valley and shutting out the pros:pect of
the more distant mountains on that side. On the
North~~~d
West
another ridge of hills rises shutting out the mountains on that
side but descending as they extend 0U~V'lard the summits
0
f the
mountains are seen towering above them and extending along to
form. the northern boundary of the valley.
The hO.use in which we
took up lodging is very prettily situated on rising ground and
commands a sight of the whole of the valley that is not obstructed by the hills. The front gives a view of the sea extending
from S. E. by S. to W. lr. W.- on the left is
a grove
d.
of coc¢nuts
on low ground through the midst of which runs a beautfuful
stream of clear water from the mountains.
Rouses are scattered
here and there in the grove and clumps of sugar cane &. rafts of
bananas are seen interspersed.
Sabbath June 25th
I was unwell this morning &. feared
-7-
an attack of fever,
some refreshment.
~ut
became better after rising & taking
The people to the number
bled in the cocoanut grove.
o~
300 or 400 assem-
Taomi made an appropriate address,
I read the hymns & sung, read also a number of texts of scripture & made one of the prayers.-
I improved the intermission
with the assistance of Taomi in preparing' romething to speak to
the people in connection with the Kanawai.
The assembling of
t~e
people in the afternoon was at a late
hour & it was nearly sundown when the exercises were closed.
Taomi made a long address after I had concluded my :part of tle.
services.
Monday June 26,
I rose refreshed this morning and
after breakfast and morning worship, went to examine .the 5choois.
Two of the largest Schools were a.ssembled in a large house.- Two
other Schools which came fran a distance were assembled under
the shade of a cocoanut grove. 146 'scholars were exalIlined 105 of
which were acquainted
w~th
the letters including 17 in 'plain
reading 2 in the hymns & 1 in writing.
One school of 36 scholars
destitute of booksThe examination being closed the schools which had been inspected in the Cocoanut grove were assembled in the house with
the other schools and I made a short exhortation in the crest
manner I was able & closed with :prayer.
~ter
dinner
& writing
a letter to 1tr. Bingham to send by Kapapoko the teacher at
t-:oanarua who came on with us to thi s place and returns to w;oanarua.
At three o(clock we were ready to start tOllards ~Nairua.After travelling a short distance we came to a beautiful
stream of fresh water issuing from the lava, the source of which
-8-
cannot, be, traced.
We travelled till about 5 ofck when we arrived at Makaha
th~
land of Kanepaiti the Chief of Pearl River.
Shortly after
our arrival the people assembled to hear the word of God.
I
made an address and was followed by Taomi. The people listened
very attentively and appeared much interested in what they heard.
It was nearly sun down when the exercises were closed and we
concluded to spend the night in this place.
wnile we were par-
taking of our 'evening repast the peopl'e came flocking in to hear
the word of God.
After supper Taomi read passages from the Scripture Tract
r:t
'
.
with explanations and gave' an account of the Savior..fs sufferings,
death and resurrection.
peop~e
The
to the nUBber of 50 or 60
listened with breathless attention to what ';:ras said, pa:::-ticu~
larly
1:;:)
.
the narrative c.f tl'_e uavior(s d.eath, and though the
conversation lasted two hours the people
the
pl~ce,-
nearly one
.hal~
seeille~
loath to leave
,staid all night- indeec they came
for the express purpose of
spendi~
the night that they might
hear as rc.uch as possible.
~fter 7>le
had lain dqTIn the people
continued their conversation and told of several persons who
had been along pretending to
TIo~e
knowledge tLan others. They
"-
gave specimens of their prayers which Tomi wrote down. These
1\
:pr:ayers were profane
&
rr·idiculous.
(.511))
We were annoied with fleas so much that Taomi was obliged
to remove out of the house.
Tu.esday June 27.
start for Wairua.
Arose
ve~J
early and prepared to
'When we were all ready we attended to mar:ning
:r:r.ayers & then set out and CaIIle to Keaoiki, a very dirty &. poor
:-9-
place read
~he
Kanawai and proceeded a short distance further to
Keaonui and took breakfast.
During our morning walk we Dassed a high
bluff 1 'rhe natives pointed out a cave about midway of the sun:n:n.i t
where they said a gang of murderers used to live,
along at the foot of
th~
~
little further
precipice thay showed me a cave in which
another gang dwelt. Those above could see a long distance on each hand
and when they saw persons coming they would give a watch word·to those
below.
£
~f
the company consisted of· many persons they would callout
Moana ka kai which was a signal for them to keep still, bUt if only
one or two persons were seen coming
~hey
would callout Moro ka·kai.
The persons below "Would then ,sally forth and kill the passengers.
I am not certain whether this is a legend or whether it is a fact.
As we passed the Southern &. western point of the island I
was shown where a monster half hog and half man named Kamapuaa resided in. old time.
There was a race of then:. and the people brought
them presents. A herd of these IDDnsters would sometimes sally forth
upon those who brought offerings & slay them.
[s/c.)
Kamapuaa went to Hawaii
&. had a contest with pele and was defeated, though he once nearly ex.
~
tingumshed her fires.
country.
Kamapuaa is said to have gone to a foreign
There is a person living at Makaha by the name of Nawilea,
who is said to be well versed in this'legend and I
ho~ed
to find him
when we stopped at the place, but he was absent.
From Keaonui we walked on. to Makua passing at the foot of
several high precipices ove1shadOWing our path it being very ho~
from the rays of the sun I was for'cibly remina&ciJ of that passage
where Christ is compared to the shadow of a great rock in a weary
land - The shade was truly refreshing and I could not but admire the
figure by which the Savior is represented as affording comfort & con-
-10-
solation to his people.
Makua is situated on a sand beach and opens to the sea
between two bold head lands S. E.
"$i,."C
N. W.
The mountains rise
I
in a circular manner and on the North have a slop e to till valJjy
o
9n the east the mountains are more precipitous, the summits
,,+-
hover
~
all the ridges
~hich
overlook this val19Y are very
steep and broken.- There are no trees in this
place~
a f'ew clust-
ers of sugar cane are seen here and there; potatoes are cultivated but not taro.
We tarried some time, had considerable conversation. Taomi
read the kanawai & ma~e remarks.
We examined a dChool of' 13 scholars of which Kukaiunahi was
formerly teacher, the person whom the chiefs for bad conduct and
f'alse instruction, have banished to Tahoorawe;- the school is
now without a teacher.
Our course after leaving this place lay about W/ by NJ and
along a difficult path by the sea which is here bounded by the
base of' the mountains.
On one hand was the broken and rough lava.
against which the surge below was dashing and on the other the
steep & rugged sides of the mountains.
f7l
f.\
About 12 o/clo1k we
[s/c]
arrived at. Keavaula,{\ an indifferent village but the place of a
J)~hool containing 24 scholars nearly all destitute of books and
but f'ive acquainted with the letters.
hours & took dinner.
liere we stopped about two
I got out of' all patience with the tardi-
ness of' my attendants.-
From this place we proceeded by water to
nearly the west point of the island, and thereby avoided three
or four miles of' very rough road laying along the base of
mountain and over rugged lava washed by the sea.-
t~
Our landing
-ll-
Was rather dirficult, but we
(ne,
succeed~
in getting on shore after
getting wet feet & part of us wet clothes.
t~
Just in rront of
Ii ttle cove where we landed there is a cave used by fishermen
occasionally for a residence.
It is in ext·ent about 30 paces
by 15 and at the mouth about 30 feet high gradually lessening in
hight till the roof meets the ground.
ancient discharge of lava.
It was formed during some
The lava of this island apIB·ars of
a very much more ancient kind than the. lava or Hawaii.
We trav-
elled a short distance over a very rough path along the shar-·e
and c arn.e to the mokuna of' the large divisions of' the island
(~"c..}
[.:sIC}
Waianai and Waiarua -
"
A.
The. former .extending f'rom the Southern to
the western point and the latter from the same point after turning
w~ich,the
shore takes a turn about
~.
N. E. and with af'ew
irregularities keeps this direction to the harbac: &. the pr incipal
.
[~J
settlements of TNairua, when it takes nearly a due north direcRaving turned the west point or the island we had an
tiona
imin.edia te change of atmosphere.
The t:Lade winds blew fre sh and
pretty much in our faces, and we were enabled to quicken
o~
pace.
We passed Nenelea a settlement of fishermen and a convenient
place for hauling up their canoes.
Batween f'ive and six a/clock we arrived at Kahakahee where
we
foun~
a school assembled of 27 scholars.
This we examined
and put up in the place of examination for the night.
By invi-
tation the people assembled in the evening & f'illed the house.
Taomi addressed them, and it was quite eleven ofclock berore
they dispersed.
Wednesday June 28th.
~ter
mOrTILrrg service where
we lodged we walked on to Aukuu land belonging to Taomi where we
took breakfast.
A hog was brought forward which appeared toler-
-12-
ably well cooked and some of it was put upon my dish but as the
hog had been strangled according to the native method or killing
their pork I chose rather to eat some salt fish with my bread
and te.a.
From Aukuu we went on to ilifukuleianui where we examined a
school of 49 scholars.
There was an address and paayer after
which we walked on for the principal settlement! Prom this place
the coast takes for some distance a more Easterly direction,
r.;
it took more of a nottherly course.
a~in
We were ferried aCTOSS a
little frith and went to the school house.- ~ined one· 0chool
of 62 .scholars 48 of whom very readily called the n.ar;:.es of. the
letters, one read in the hymns.
One or two mar e schools in tbe..
neighborhood will assemble. in the same place in the afternoon.
Observing a rock of singular ap};B-arance on a tongue of land
at no great distance from the school house I walked to it: at a
distance it resembled a tortoise on the
of another. tortoise
to
though it would require a great deal of eutti~g mruce it resemble
bac~:
"
in size as much as it resembled one in shaye, and it 71culd still
require a great deal of cutting to bring the ·shape irrto anything
like an exact
in ancient
resembl~~ce.
tL~es
Those who went with
~e
told me that
it came from Tauai swimmi2g like a fish and CaIDa
ashore ai'1.d took its rresent position •
..d..S
nea=' as I could meaSU2:'e it and define its si t'...la tio:c. it was
20 feet wide by 23 feet long & 6 to 8 or 9 feet thick and in cir-
cuit 80 feet, and 75 paces from the sea which is 60r 8 feet
lower than the rock upon which it stands.
After di~ing at a late hour we examined another $chool in
the same place consisting of 4i Scholars 17 of which were. abJe..
to read in the hymns and but two ignorant of the letters.
~
good-
-15-
ly number of people being assembled in the large school house
Taomi addressed them at some length.
At 20 minutes after 5 otck we set out again and proceeding
[s/c.:J
on our way in about 40 minutes came to Kawairoa where we found
1\
124 scholars assembled in a large school house waiting to be examined.
We found 84
aCQuainte~
with the letters 17 of whom read
very well in the hymns and 5 are able to write on the slate.
Here we spent the night.
,-. \
!
\
Thursday June '29.
l
Wanaao
[s~==.]
arose and made ready to proceed on our tour. ,At half past five
A
crossed a frith near the house where we lodged. Pursued my coUrse
with a pretty Quick step passing a considerable number of ta~~le.
At 20 minutes before 8' arrived at the pkincipal settlement in'
&.:0
Waimeau the residence of Eevaheva.
liere we took breakfast, after
which we examined a school of 48 scholars 38 of
om
wh~
know their
letters, and of this number 7 are able to read in the hymns.
We were very hospitably entertained by E:evaheva who seems
greatly interested in the improveEent of his people and desirous
himself ,to learn the palapala. I gave him a hy-wn book. This present delighted him greatly.
At 12 ofck we started fromfiaimea and entered a uistrict
belonging to Kaahumanu) Pupukea.
kanawai and made remarks.
Counted 26 houses. Read tte
The people ·would be glad of a teacher.
~J
At Poumaru addressed a small comparry- the people desire a teacher.
From the latter place we continued our course in a N Easterly direction-arriving at Taunala addressed a number of people
who had assembled for a hooikaika.
At Waialee a place some
distance further on in a N.N.E. course we met and addressed a
hooikaika meeting
~obably
assembled in consequence of inte.lli-
gence (?fJ o~r approach.
Our course from Pahfupahilua lay in a N. E. direction. The
land from the sea shore is gently undulating to the mountains
which are not h.igh
o·f verdure.
&,
may properly be called hills and destitute
The soil all along has the appearance of barrenness.
It yields no taro, nor does scarcely any grow from Waianai to
KDolau and the region of country
~hich
produces no taro is called
Kaha which is the gran.d narri.e or the Division from Waianai to
Koolau.-
Our path hes followed the shore with its curvitures- &,
. being over a sandy soil our travelling has been wearisome.
Following an E. N. E. course we walked on to Kawela where
about 75 or 80 persgns had assembled awaiting our arrival to
baar about the word of God and the way of Salvation.
..,2
....
~
\
It was nearly night when the exercises at this place (Closed)
but' wishing to make all the possible progress I concluded to go
on and put up for the night at some buildings ahead, though somewhat against the wishes of my company who being tired felt inclined to stop where we were.
We went on however and took up
lodgings ,for the night at Oio.
liere we met with Kaka the wife
of Naoa who with several female -teachers was on a toUT around
the islando
She set out from Eonoruru for Koolau about the time
Taomi wahine set out for
[~GJ
E~a
and for the same purpose.
She wlll
continue her toUT and pass Taomi wahine and revisit the places
which she had visited.
Friday June 30th.
6 o/ck.
Started from Oio at 20 min. past
~ak1ng about an E. course we walked over a level country
and considerably extended - The mountains along here do not rise
-15-
very abruptly near the shore but are seen towering in a Southern
and Eastern direction.
The land, over which we travelled till
breakfast timej the distance of 5 or 6 miles in length and from
1 to 2 miles in breadth the native say floated in from the sea
~
and connected i tself with the shores [of] the islandis lava, and it might have been' formed in ancient
Its basis
t~e
by a sub-
terraneous discharge of lava into the sea, which formed this tract,
or an eruption occurred under the sea at this place which threw
up the lava & took the place of the waters.-
This tract is beau-
tified with lauhala and some other trees, and is the only scenery
of the kind we have met 'with~ mDst of our 'course on the ~est~
& northern part of the island
~ayiRg
over barren sand producing
a c'oarse kind of grass and vines of the size of the. little }inger
I
& smaller, running to a great
distance producing a bell cup
flotlpr.
lost sight of the Western point of the island, keeping an
Easterly course.
After
br1akf~sting
and reading the kanawai at KahukU, at
5 minutes past 9 we set out again and at 10 minutes before 11
Of
clock arrived at Laiewai where we found a ~hool assembled of
60 scholars, belonging to this
Laiemoro.
p~ace
and the adjoining land
Here we stopped 3 hours & 20 min. and had time to get
dryas we had been wet in a shower.-
We took d.inner at this
place and set out at 10 minutes after two.
Stopped at one ~ the
last houses in Laiemoro and filled up a sheet o·f paper with copies for the writing £cholars of the School we had last examined.Our course lay rather to the southward of East.
ing nearly two hours we arrived at
Hauul~
Mter walk-
where we found 108 per-
-16.1.
..
sons assembled to repeat the kanawai.
The head man of Hauula
this
conducts the school which unites the people of ~ land and
/\.
Ka~papau
an adjoining land-
lie teaches the scholars the kanawai,
Baptiso & Pule, and would instruct them in the Ka Be A Ba but
has no books.
We walked on a short distance further to Makao where we
found a Jchool of 12 children just formed entirely destitute of
books.
t~e
One or two of the ~cholars were acquainted with most of
letters. [Dgave the tea"cher advice as to" the IG.a.nner of in-
structing
aP~d
promised
h~
books as soon as they shOUld be print-
ed.Eere we lodged and in the
~vening
addressed the people who
came into see and hear.
Saturday July 1st.
After morning prayers we set out
on our journey, passed through seven settlements containing ullwards of 80 houses and probably 500 inhabitants.
There a~e no gchools thr9ugh this extent but the ~eople are
desirous of receiving instruction.
ing.-
'l'here is one hooikaika meet-
At half past 7 otck we arrived at Punaluu a place
contg.
r'V
[containingY(-'O 45 houses where we took breakfast.
.d.fte.r I had
breakfasted and while the natives were eating I read the kanawai
to a cOTIl.:Qany whoI!l I invited. to come around. Iile and listen.
We
started at 5 min. after 10 and after travelling about an hour
arrived at Kahana, a beautiful valley belonging to Naihe, at the
head of a small narrow bay opening to the N. E. into which the
t
trades are almost always blOWing. pn the western side of tte bay
the mountains are low
&
destitute of trees. 9'ur path lay along
the western side of the mountains and the sea was striving in its
half spent surges against the sand beach, and broken rocks of
-17-
lava which in several places form its barrier to the waves.Below our path and three or four feet above the sal t water) there
are springs of cool fresh water issuing from the base of tre.
mountain &. afrording sufficient moisture for a border of taro
banana trees &.c .
A stream of fresh water runs from the moun-
. tains? but meeting with the sea', it does no t answer the purpose
of irrigating the valley to any great extent.
The· tops of tta
mountains in back from the sea are covered with trees
On the E. &.
S~
&
verdure.
E. side the surnmi t s tower to the cloud by an
abrupt ascent and overlook the valley. The dark green of tl:e
trees on the tops of the mountains contrasted. with the brown and
in same places bare sides of ceme parts of their base and or descend.ing hills branching from them &. extending into' the valley
give them a grand &. cheerful appearance.
At the head of tha
valley the sides are covered with verdure to their foot.
The land does not appear to be cultivated to any considerable
[s/c.J .
and
Wauti
and
bananas
towards tba
extent. The most that I saw was
A
A.
head of the valley taro which however was not of the most flourishing appearance.
Much wild sugar cane is seen gro'Ning in clumps
over the whole extent of the valley.
Lauhala also grows at the
foot of the mountains and in many- places skirt(SJ the edge of their
base while here and there a tree and a green clump is seen clingt
'2-Il:8] to
their sides farther up.
This' is applicable only to :9art
of the mountains which enclose this spot.
The mountains of the
~
interior are covered with thick woods and dark green verdure which
extend even into the valley_
Examined a ~chool of 50 $cholars in the forenoon, and sent
word to the .teacher of a neighboring village to assemble his
-18-
£chool in this place in the afternoon.
As it will not be in our Po.wer to reach Eonoruru this week
and by travelling on through the day we should pass the principal settlements on this side of the 1sland, I concluded it would
be best to gratify the na ti 'Ie s by stopping at this place over the
Sabbath.
I was more inclined to this.measure as there is a rros-
pect that :more persons will com.e together to hear the word o£ God
in this place than in any other place near by.
Towards evening the. $chool from the neighboring district of·
Kaaawa arrived.
The -School consists of 54 .fcholars, only 43 o:f
which were :r:rresent,. the remainder being employed in making I1' epa-.
ration for the Sabbath.
We learned that the teacher Makaliilii
has been in the habit of using an improper prayer.
I wrote it
down and charged him not to use it again.
Sabbath July 2nd.
The people assembled Un the morn-
ing to the nUlILber of' 1000 or 1200 to whom Taomi addressed accordiug to his knowledge and ability the words of eternal life.
~
people listened with attention and seemed much ·interested·, After
the exercises 'Here closed thay came around us in great numbers to
present their salutations.In the afternoon the congregation was not so large, many
persons living at a distance having returned to their homes.
Taomi gave as well as he was able an account of the savior~s
death.
The history of his sufferings seemed to interest them.
Taomi walked into the valley among the houses of the natives to
converse with the people at their homes.
When he returned he gava
an account of two persons whom he had met with who having heard
something of the true God,while their neighbors were in darkness,
had not withstood the opposition they met with from the supersti-
-19-
tions around them
endeav~ed
to keep in mind and observe the
things they had heard, had cast off their former practices and
thereby incurred the displeasure of their da.:r'k hearted. neighbors.
In the evening a
man
and woman came into the house; the
woman had taken some offence at the man who was her husband. and
. had been irregular{ the husband. brought her that we might con-:verse with her & reclaim her.
culated.to do good.
Taomi had along conversation cal-
I also added something to ind.uce her to re-
turn to the right wa"¥ and to live with her husband.
Monday July 3rd·.
ancel
Arose as soon as day made its appear-
I roused up the sleepy natives and prepared to proceed on
our way_
At 5 min. after 5 ofck we set out and after travelling
. about 3 hours
a course
varying from
Ej
to
Sf
E{ by S. I arrived
at Kualoa, having outstripped most of my company they having a
.
~.
strong desire to stop'frequently and. to stay along time at every
stopping place.
Here I.examined two schools one of 48 scholars
belonging to the place and another or 36 scholars belonging to a
neighboring land Hakipuu.
when Taomi came up.
I had nearly finished the examination
Having finished the examination we took break-
fast and afterwards Taomi addres~~ a considerable of a com;any
who had assembled in connection with the $chool and I closed with
singing and prayer.
VIe set out again and after passing a cause-
way enclosing a large pond of water employed for container
f~
small fish we entered. a marshy tract. After travelling some time
in an E. S. E. direction we came to several fields of the cotton
plant. The plant was of different ~rowthJ some had but just begm
to branch out., others were half grown and some was in bloom,
other some of the cotton was ripe.
-20-
At Waiaholi we stopped to examine a school. We arrived at
25 min. before 12 otck. After the examination was closed Taomi
addressed the people who had asseEbled in considerable numbers
p~rhaps
300, I added a short address sung &, closed. with prayer.
We afterwards took dinner &, at 20 min. before 2 set out fur the
next
settlement. Our path led us- over a country diversified with
low hills and valleys. We passed over one stream. of water having
a more rapid current than any I had seen in the island> and I
think discharges
a~
much-Hater into the sea in a gilJen time as
any stream on this island.
From this place we had a
vie~
of a small
isl~d
called.
(5':<-)
MCkolii rising near the shore off against Kuloa, a place which
we passed in the
morni~;
resembling a monUffiBnt probably 100 feet
high conical freE the-base.
A~te~
travelling nearly two hours
~o~g
taro patches, ponds
and tracts of rushes we arrived at Kahaluu where _we fOUIld a Jchool
of 40 -£'cholars -receritly- established~ and.. _a considerable number of
G~d-
personA assembled for a hcoikaika llieeting. After the
ex~i~a~~on
of the School I read the kana'flai a:c..d acco:::u;:anied it '.-zi t1:-.i such
rep~rks
as I was able to make.
\i[e set out again at 20
m.i~.
before 5 otck and 'nith a Cluick
step pursued our course over an uneven tract of
a
short-ti~e
h~
and in
came to the residence of the chief Kalaiheana to
whom belonged the district of Kahaluu.
with
cOULtry~
lie invited us to put up
for the night, and the natives only wanted my consent to
accept cheerfully the invitation, but desiT9us to go on to a dis[S[t-]
trict before us where there are schools I decline the offer and
A
hastened fbcward.
Just about s~et I arrived at heeiauli a
-2l....
settlement containing about 30 houses.
liere I found a school of
18 youth met together awaiting examination under the direction
of. a small lad.- It was nearly dark when the examination 'QLosed,
and Taomi and his attendants whom I had left behind arriving just
at this time we concluded to go on a Imttle fUrther to Kikiwelawela
a district belonging to Kaahumanu where there is a ~hool and
there to put up for the night.A comfortable supper was provided and after refreshingtourselves I proposed we should have prayers in reference to the
monthly conce:rt.
Mter our exercises had closed and we had lairi
Cst::;
down. for repose4)j\.three· females entered our little lodging house}
who had COBe a considerable distance to hear the wo rd of God. I
conversed more than a hour with them, and with ,the help of the
Scripture tract and catechism made known to them some of the mos..t
iIilportant truths of the Bible.
The fallen state of man, his sin-
ful and perishing condition. The BeTCY of God in providing a Savior/ the fulness of salvation, the nec'essity mL repentance faith
and regeneration.
uteI' exhOJ:' ting them to repent, 'to foc
sa~
all
their sins, .to believe in and. acce];lt of Jesus Christ as their
3avior I dismissed them to return to their homes.Tuesday July 4.
Sopn after sunrise co:mrn.enced tJ:e..
A
examination of the ~chool which consists of 27 ~cholars'only 11
of which I found aCQuainted. wi t'h the letters including one able
to read in the
~ymns.
The ];leople having assembled in
co~siderable
numbers,.. Taomi addressed them and I closed the exercises with
singing and prayer.-
At 10 min. after 9 we set out for Kaneohe
the next settlement where there is a ~chool.-
This land belongs
to Aneane a chief who usually resides at HOloruru. We found him
however here, having come from Eonoruru to harvest several fields
i
. I
-22-
of cotton which have been cUltivated on his land since the return of Boki from England.
i~
We have seen considerable cotton grow-
in this region in various stages of forwardness, planted as
we learned by direction of the Chiefs in compliance with the advise of Lord Byron.
We found the~chool assembled. for examination.
Orders had
been given to the people through out the district to meet for
religious worship, but as they had not all assembled when t.be examination of the ~chool closed' I requested Taom.1 to tarry and
address the people while I walked forward to Kairua a district
three or four miles further on [wmci0 belong§>1 to 'Kaleohana where
there is a large clchool.
On my way thither passed through a dis[SrcJ
trict called Waikalua in the region of the Pare.
J\
Walking along
the embankments of fish ponds and taro plats and' crossing several
li ttle streaIIlS of i'resh water which wi..nd along ITom the mountains
to the sea refreshing and fertilizing the country_
Waikalua is separated from Kailua by a narrow ridge of hills
extending from 'the mountains some distance (four or five miles)
into the sea t.enn1nating in an em.inence and forming considerable
d
of a promontpry.
~nis
projecting ridge is overlooked by the
'[s:0
~a~e
as are also the valleys on each side of it. Kailua is a flat country and appears to have been gained from the seaf
<-
Zn the centre
of the valley is a large tract of rushes and to avoid them we
were obliged to take a circuit varying considerably from a direct
course.
At half past 12 otck I arrived at the School house and iillmediately commenced the examination.
There were 154 scholars pres-
ent, but the whole school eonsists of marry more, but the remainder
-23-
did not assemble soon enough to be examined.
I found 91 acquaint-
ed with the letters, 12 able to read in words of two &. three
sy+lables and 1 in the hymns.-
I got nothing for dinner here ex-
cept some bananas and a water melon, but I made a comfortable.,
dinner with these and some hard biscuit which I brought with me.
Just as the exercises were about to be closed Taomi came up
having addressed the people at Kaneohe, and he concluded the exercises at this place by prayer.
At 10 :min. before 4 o'ck we
set forward and in about three 'quarters of an hour I arrived. at
Kailepulu, a pleasantly situated district where a School is about
to be established.
We were urged by the head man to stop all night and my attendants were strongly inclined to
acce~t
the invitation, but
I was unwilling to put up till we should be overtaken by darkness,
I therefore went forward, crossing two considerable streams of
water and after ascending a ridge of high land from which the
Eastern point of the island is distinctly seen, I sat down and
took a view of the district of Waimanalo which lay spread out
below extending from. the sea to the mountains which here rise'
al:most perpendicularly and extend for many :miles in a line nearly
East and West, and form a
barrie~
excluding almost entirely in
that direction all intercourse with the opposite side of the
island.
I counted 3Ohouses scattered through the valley, there
are probably many :more.
houses where I
~ound
I descended and walked on to the f:ir st
the natives ready to receive &. entertain me.
I wished to pass on further as it was not quite sunset but a
stream of water interposing I was obliged to take a path which
led me somewhat out of a direct course towards the sea
stream is avoided.-
\Jh.er e,
~il~
the
It was nearly dark when I and my attendant
-24-
arrived at the sea side, and I was glad to avail myself of a
decent looking house at hand to put up for the nigh.t.
In about
half an hour Taomi and his company whom I had left behind at
Kailepulu came up.
The people of the place came in during supper and near.ly
filled the house.-
Mte:r ,our repast Tao:r::r.i addressed them and I
also made a few remarks & concluded with singing and prayer.
Arter the people dispersed we lay ourselves down upon our mats
spread upon the ground. and enjoyed" com:fortable night"s :re:pose.
Wednesday July 5th
Set out at half past 5 otck
and at abOU~eight otck ar:rived at Kukui a small poor fishing settlement.
We walked all the
wa~
from
WaiTI~~alo
to this place upon
the sane.. beach with the sea dashing at our feet and not unfrequently washing our
steps~
On the right at no great'distance rose
the lllOuntains almost perpendicularly topped VIi th verdure presenting their mural front like an iilipassable wall.
From Kukui we passed on to Kalapueo the last settlement on
this side of the island and the abode of a fe."l poor fisheTT....G.en/
c
and soon after ascended a steep pre;ipice called Liakapuu against
the foot of which the
aloft their spray.-
EGuntain~~
waves dash incess2ntly & throw
By ascending this precipice we avoided pass-
ing entirely around the East point of the island which we could
effected
not have accomplished without much labour and iifficulty. A high
bluff terminating the ridge of mountains in this direction forms
the Eastern extremity and it is of very difficult access if not
altogether impervious.
Raving gained the
whe~e
heighth~
I was
ShOWIl se~e~al
heaps of stones
in the days of their darkness the people had erected stone
gods and paid religious worship to stocks & stones.
Cne of the
-25-
d
gods was still standing and some of my attendants endeavored to
throw it down but it was too firm2y fixed and it reminded me of
thfr remaining superstition4 of the natives which have yet resisted the
ef~orts
of Christian exertion to eradicate it.
From the eminence I had a view of the sea on both sides! on
one· hand dashing its foaming waves just undex me and on the other
at no great distance throwing in its long white capta. su:c-ges
to~ards
the shore.-
After descending gradually some distance
over a raised walk formed of rmcks & pieces of· lava
b~ought
.
[~'0
to-
gethe:::- fo r 1\ the native. s. the road took a turn in a -if. S. \1. dE. ection
givi~S
me the sea on the left and a ridge of barren hills
on the right.
Tur~g
my eyes to
t~e
Eastward I had a clear view
d
of- Molokai, Lanai and 1Iaui.-
[SIC.J
Took a path whi-ch led some 6.isAt.
tance from the shore and to the northward of KOko head. Eaving
ascended the high land in thas direction with Koko head on the
left the shores to the Eastward of Diamond Rill ouened in
~
~os-
-"
pect an.J. beyond that prominent object rearin3 its towering brow
terminated the view in that direction, 6 or 7 points of land inte:='vening covered with groves of cocoanut trees.
I desc.enc.ed with my attendant, and near the shar: e s of a large
~ond
containing a surface of nany-hundred acres I came to a little
sett~ement
called Keawaawa and stopped e few moments to enquire
the way & to allow my attendant the luxury of a whit of tobacco.Thence I walked on
the side of the pond in a southerly di0
rection about a mile having the emin.ences ]fuunalua on :my left- I
~y
1 (.,.']
"
then Calie to a narrow strip of land resembling a causeway partly
natural and partly constructed extending in a No±thwest directionacross what appeared to be considerable of a bay forming a
barrier between the sea and the pond.
At the further
end of this
-26-
causeway sluices are ,constructed & the waters of the sea unite
with the pond and at ever.y flood tide replenish it with a fresh
su~ply.of
water.
Near the middle of this causeway there is a
settlement of 18 houses belonging to Kalola called Mounalua. Eere
I stopped about an hour, rested myself, took some refres1:me_nt
and
re~d
the kanawai.-
At 5 minutes after 12 otck I set out
again and after walking about 3 hours passing through 3 settlements and reading the kanawai at one of them I arrived at tle
School house in Waialae.-
AS I wished to complete my tour around the island and make
the best of my way home before night I conclud,ed to omit the
examination of the .Jchools at this place and Waikiki &. proceed
to Honolulu.
From Waialae I took the shortest course to Honolulu
and just before sunfet had the pleasure of greeting my brethren
&. sisters at the
~ission
house. - - -
Tuesday July 11th.
schools in. Waialae and
Rode with Taomi to insuect the
~[aikiki.
ElID OF INSERT :H o. 1
Trip around Oahu by Leyi Chamberlain. in 1826.
[June 21-July 11,1826]
THIS IS A REf'uODlJcTl0N O"~
AN UNPUBlIS1-iED MM~USC:H?T
FOR REFERENCE AND STUDY CNty
NOT TO BE REPRODUC"D IN ANY \\
WITHOUT WR1TIENPE1VldSSION Or
THE COP'(lUGHT OWNER
Wednesday June 21, 1826
Set out this afternoon in company with Taomi and eight
d
others as attendanfts to make a tour of the island of Oahu in
order to visit the schools, to give instruction & encourage the
teachers & scholars.- There have been
c~rtain
teachers
engage~
in
instructing the people who have lead their scholars astray. One
of our objects is to warn the people against s~ch teachers & .
against .all who instruct contrary to the word of God.
At 4 o'clock arrived at Kalihi, examined two'~chools, and'
addressed a pretty large congregation of people probably 250.
Towards sundown we arrived at Moanarua. Found the scholar's assembled in·a large and convenient house built upon the edge of tbe
1'mlinence overlooking the valley of Moanarua.
We commenced immediately the examination and found but 9
out of 67 who were not acquainted with the letters. The nine were
as
familiar with them. standing in their order in the alphabet, but
"-
o
did not appear to have been tAught to call them promiscuously.
The whole number 67 were able to repeat sentences as pointed out
to them. After the examination Taomi made an-appropriate address
which I followed by a few remarks on some points which he omitted
& concluded with a short prayer.- We passed from the school house
to the housi of the head man~ who spread mats for our accommodation on the floor of his house, brought'in a calabash of nice
o
fish just c¢ught & some very good baked "taro.- Having partaken·>
of a
co~ortable repas~
& cammitted our selves by prayer to the
care of our heavenly father we betook ourse'lv-es to repose, but
my sleep was not very refreshing owing to a hard bed, though
i..
-2-
better one than I can hope to he furnished with every night durdillg my jom:ney.
This afterno'on the Nio sailed for Canton.
Thursday June 22nd.
A slffiple though comrortable breaks
fast consisting
of . a baton of tea & fried fish with some hard
.
bread.
After prayers we set out from Moanarua, ascended tbe
eminences on the west of the valley. Ronoruru with its houses and
coco.nut trees, its harbOJ:: and masts presented i tse::tf to view
while in bold relief stood forth Punchbowl hill & farther to the
east
&.
southward the singularly shaped object DiaIl10nd hill. The
prospect was very· beautiful, the mountains of the interi.or capJjed
with clouds, the ascending sun towering above them
ing -clpilds flying before th'e breeze.- .At
&.
the scatter-
i past 10 we arrived
at Kalauao where a school had .assembled awaiting inspection, the
scholars 59 in number) 28 of whi.ch were acquainted with the letters.- After the examination was through Taomi made an address
¥I
afterwards gave a short exhortation
&.
sung a hymn
&.
Taomi
concluded with prayer.Visited a second school in Kalauao where religious worship
was conducted in which both of us took
~art
and passed on to
Waiau thr1?ugh Waimalu where there is no school.
We found the
~cholars assembled 41 in number and on examination found 24
acquainted with the letters. There is a deficiency of books in
the ~chool. The head man wished to have books for all the people
under his care except the blind.
From Waiau we passed on to ¥mnananui crossing the Ahupuaa
Walffiano where the people noho rna ka pauli not having a school or
any means of instruction.
At fulanananui Taomi, who had preceeded
her husband two or three days on the same errand of +ove, had
-3-
assembled the people.
We arrived while she was engaged in de-
livering an exhortation.
She was followed by a male
t
wh9 was one of her company.
our company entered.
teac~er
At the close of the exhortations,
I made a short address to the interesting
assemblage within consisting of about 100 per,spns, . and Taomi
closed the services with prayer.Taomi wahine has been sent by the chiefs accompanied by
seven female and two male teachers to assemble the people of the
different places thro~out this isla~~, converse with t~em,
instruct them and correct any errors which may'have been introduced by ignorant or vicious persons who ·have gone forth as instructors without being sent.
From Manananui we passed by 1funanaliilii & came into the
Ahupuaa Waiawa,- In this district there are two fchools, the
teac~er of the first was absent, the Scholars of the 2nd were
asse:m.bled
&
ready fc:r examination on our arrival: - of 52 ~chol-
ars 38 were aCQuainted with the letters.~chool
Having exa:mined: the
the peo~le of the neighborhood were assembled to attend to
the exhortations of Taomi wahine.
It was nearly dark nhen these
exercises were closed and I was glad to suspend further labors &
accept of the invitation of Jame_s Kahuhu to spend the nigh G with
him at
~iJaipio.-
Gur
company Taom ma
&
the other company Taomi
wahine rna took up lodgings in one house and though none of the best,
good company of which the na ti ve s seem to feel they have a 'good
share will enable them to pass a pleasant night.
Eovo[ it 7lill
be to me I shall be better able to judge in th6illorning.-
I have
had a pretty comfortable sup:per or at least my appeti te rendered it so, it con~~ed, of a dish of tea, part of a cold fowl
-4-
dressed in a ckan manner by the direction of Kanepaiti who is
Chief of the division called Kalana and consists of 13
~upuaa.
I had also poi, taro &, bread.Friday June 23rd.
Arose at about
found myself refreshed with repose.
cup of tea
ing.-
&,
some hard bread.
i
past 5 oJcl ock &,
For breakfast had a tin
This was all I obtained this morn-
James brought his school together at an early hour. It
consisted of 105 scholars·of whom 88 were able to read tbeir
letters promiscuously including 16 able to read in the
37 in plain reading.
hyr~s
&,
After the examination was through,. Taomi
wahine· held a hooikaika meeting in reference to the object. of
her visi t.
At 10
il clock we
[slCj
went on to the next district, "Naike.re
where there are three schools in all containing 76 scholars one
of which of 18 scholars has been just formed and the scholars are
entirely destitute of books.
The schools of this district and.
Waipio are to be united &, come under the care of James Kahuhu,
who has received instruction from th.a King to take the general
sU:gerin tendance of the schools in Naiawa, :Nai.pio
&,
Waikere. I
have recoIillilended him to assemble the teachers of the schools
alice a week to instruct them in
~riting
&, to give advice as to
the best manner of instructing .
. tA~
tS/~J
The scholars of these schools were examined in the same
A
place of assembling.
&,
took dinner.
At this place we tarried till afternoon
At a quarter before three we set out for Hoaiai
where there is a school of 24 scholars II only of which know
their letters.
From Hoaiai we went on to
z..
Honouliul~
is also a school which I visited. It contains 38
where there
sc~olars
22 of
which are acquainted with the letters. This is the last place
-5-
.
where we shall find schools till we arrive at Waianai..
We took up lodgings enmasse at the house of the head man,
Koa'''''- who seemed to ta:ke' pleasure in entertaining our com.pany
which consisted as last night of Taomi & Taomi wahine and their
attendants which has now increased to nearly thirty persons. I
was amused with the piece of work the natives had in cutting up ,.
& dividing a hog brought in by Koa. Two or three kanakas had
their hands & as many dogs their noses in the mess.- Several
hungry boys stood about and were as eager in catching at the
& in licking up the
successful.
gra~J
~
as .the dogs· were and were scarcely IDDre
A.s for myself having taken a porringer of tea &c I
did not join with the company in eating up the half baked hog,
but I had a portion reserved for me against the time I should
need it, and though my piece underwent a good handling I was
glad of something in prospect to eat, as I had begun to fear that
I should come off pretty short.
in the native language
After prayers which conducted
I laid myself
dOI'/ll
in a com.fortable
place in the small house where we had taken up lodgings & enjoyed a good nightfs repose.Saturday June 24th.
At 20 minutes after 7 ofclock
[$M..]
I set out with our company for
Waianai.
At 20 minutes after
10 we arrived at Waimanalo, ~here we stopped till it was time
for some refreshment.- Conversed with the :peo.ple who seemed
much interested.
At this place saw a child with a white skin, both parents
they say are natives, its face was disfigured 'with sores & it
appeared sickly.-
I did not examine the child very closely as
it seemed to shrink from inspection and the parents soon carried
it off.- Its appearance was not like that of a child of mixed
&.
blood, its hair was flax color
children of foreigners
&.
its skin was whiter than the
was more hairy than a child of 5 o·r 6
years 91d which from its size I supposed might be its age.
{$u..1
From Waimanalo we persued our way along the beach over a
1\
sandy
&.
laborious path; the sand being white the fierce rays of
the sun rendered it very uncomfortable for the eyes.-
The moun-
tains which rise on this side of the island .are very steep &.
broken and present a very
pictures~ue
appearance.- The mountains
in several places rise almost perpendicular with sharp f~]ridges,
and in such' manner as to form. nearly a semi-circle.
(51'-1
It was
.
about 6 O[Cloc~when we arrived at Waianai" I was very tired and
glad of rest.
This is a very beautiful place', opening an exten-
sive valley from the S E by S. to W. N. W. having a view of tte
sea from ~hose points.- At the S. E. by~J point a ridge of hill
rises extending into the valley and shutting out the pros:pect of
the more distant mountains on that side. On the
North~~~d
West
another ridge of hills rises shutting out the mountains on that
side but descending as they extend 0U~V'lard the summits
0
f the
mountains are seen towering above them and extending along to
form. the northern boundary of the valley.
The hO.use in which we
took up lodging is very prettily situated on rising ground and
commands a sight of the whole of the valley that is not obstructed by the hills. The front gives a view of the sea extending
from S. E. by S. to W. lr. W.- on the left is
a grove
d.
of coc¢nuts
on low ground through the midst of which runs a beautfuful
stream of clear water from the mountains.
Rouses are scattered
here and there in the grove and clumps of sugar cane &. rafts of
bananas are seen interspersed.
Sabbath June 25th
I was unwell this morning &. feared
-7-
an attack of fever,
some refreshment.
~ut
became better after rising & taking
The people to the number
bled in the cocoanut grove.
o~
300 or 400 assem-
Taomi made an appropriate address,
I read the hymns & sung, read also a number of texts of scripture & made one of the prayers.-
I improved the intermission
with the assistance of Taomi in preparing' romething to speak to
the people in connection with the Kanawai.
The assembling of
t~e
people in the afternoon was at a late
hour & it was nearly sundown when the exercises were closed.
Taomi made a long address after I had concluded my :part of tle.
services.
Monday June 26,
I rose refreshed this morning and
after breakfast and morning worship, went to examine .the 5choois.
Two of the largest Schools were a.ssembled in a large house.- Two
other Schools which came fran a distance were assembled under
the shade of a cocoanut grove. 146 'scholars were exalIlined 105 of
which were acquainted
w~th
the letters including 17 in 'plain
reading 2 in the hymns & 1 in writing.
One school of 36 scholars
destitute of booksThe examination being closed the schools which had been inspected in the Cocoanut grove were assembled in the house with
the other schools and I made a short exhortation in the crest
manner I was able & closed with :prayer.
~ter
dinner
& writing
a letter to 1tr. Bingham to send by Kapapoko the teacher at
t-:oanarua who came on with us to thi s place and returns to w;oanarua.
At three o(clock we were ready to start tOllards ~Nairua.After travelling a short distance we came to a beautiful
stream of fresh water issuing from the lava, the source of which
-8-
cannot, be, traced.
We travelled till about 5 ofck when we arrived at Makaha
th~
land of Kanepaiti the Chief of Pearl River.
Shortly after
our arrival the people assembled to hear the word of God.
I
made an address and was followed by Taomi. The people listened
very attentively and appeared much interested in what they heard.
It was nearly sun down when the exercises were closed and we
concluded to spend the night in this place.
wnile we were par-
taking of our 'evening repast the peopl'e came flocking in to hear
the word of God.
After supper Taomi read passages from the Scripture Tract
r:t
'
.
with explanations and gave' an account of the Savior..fs sufferings,
death and resurrection.
peop~e
The
to the nUBber of 50 or 60
listened with breathless attention to what ';:ras said, pa:::-ticu~
larly
1:;:)
.
the narrative c.f tl'_e uavior(s d.eath, and though the
conversation lasted two hours the people
the
pl~ce,-
nearly one
.hal~
seeille~
loath to leave
,staid all night- indeec they came
for the express purpose of
spendi~
the night that they might
hear as rc.uch as possible.
~fter 7>le
had lain dqTIn the people
continued their conversation and told of several persons who
had been along pretending to
TIo~e
knowledge tLan others. They
"-
gave specimens of their prayers which Tomi wrote down. These
1\
:pr:ayers were profane
&
rr·idiculous.
(.511))
We were annoied with fleas so much that Taomi was obliged
to remove out of the house.
Tu.esday June 27.
start for Wairua.
Arose
ve~J
early and prepared to
'When we were all ready we attended to mar:ning
:r:r.ayers & then set out and CaIIle to Keaoiki, a very dirty &. poor
:-9-
place read
~he
Kanawai and proceeded a short distance further to
Keaonui and took breakfast.
During our morning walk we Dassed a high
bluff 1 'rhe natives pointed out a cave about midway of the sun:n:n.i t
where they said a gang of murderers used to live,
along at the foot of
th~
~
little further
precipice thay showed me a cave in which
another gang dwelt. Those above could see a long distance on each hand
and when they saw persons coming they would give a watch word·to those
below.
£
~f
the company consisted of· many persons they would callout
Moana ka kai which was a signal for them to keep still, bUt if only
one or two persons were seen coming
~hey
would callout Moro ka·kai.
The persons below "Would then ,sally forth and kill the passengers.
I am not certain whether this is a legend or whether it is a fact.
As we passed the Southern &. western point of the island I
was shown where a monster half hog and half man named Kamapuaa resided in. old time.
There was a race of then:. and the people brought
them presents. A herd of these IDDnsters would sometimes sally forth
upon those who brought offerings & slay them.
[s/c.)
Kamapuaa went to Hawaii
&. had a contest with pele and was defeated, though he once nearly ex.
~
tingumshed her fires.
country.
Kamapuaa is said to have gone to a foreign
There is a person living at Makaha by the name of Nawilea,
who is said to be well versed in this'legend and I
ho~ed
to find him
when we stopped at the place, but he was absent.
From Keaonui we walked on. to Makua passing at the foot of
several high precipices ove1shadOWing our path it being very ho~
from the rays of the sun I was for'cibly remina&ciJ of that passage
where Christ is compared to the shadow of a great rock in a weary
land - The shade was truly refreshing and I could not but admire the
figure by which the Savior is represented as affording comfort & con-
-10-
solation to his people.
Makua is situated on a sand beach and opens to the sea
between two bold head lands S. E.
"$i,."C
N. W.
The mountains rise
I
in a circular manner and on the North have a slop e to till valJjy
o
9n the east the mountains are more precipitous, the summits
,,+-
hover
~
all the ridges
~hich
overlook this val19Y are very
steep and broken.- There are no trees in this
place~
a f'ew clust-
ers of sugar cane are seen here and there; potatoes are cultivated but not taro.
We tarried some time, had considerable conversation. Taomi
read the kanawai & ma~e remarks.
We examined a dChool of' 13 scholars of which Kukaiunahi was
formerly teacher, the person whom the chiefs for bad conduct and
f'alse instruction, have banished to Tahoorawe;- the school is
now without a teacher.
Our course after leaving this place lay about W/ by NJ and
along a difficult path by the sea which is here bounded by the
base of' the mountains.
On one hand was the broken and rough lava.
against which the surge below was dashing and on the other the
steep & rugged sides of the mountains.
f7l
f.\
About 12 o/clo1k we
[s/c]
arrived at. Keavaula,{\ an indifferent village but the place of a
J)~hool containing 24 scholars nearly all destitute of books and
but f'ive acquainted with the letters.
hours & took dinner.
liere we stopped about two
I got out of' all patience with the tardi-
ness of' my attendants.-
From this place we proceeded by water to
nearly the west point of the island, and thereby avoided three
or four miles of' very rough road laying along the base of
mountain and over rugged lava washed by the sea.-
t~
Our landing
-ll-
Was rather dirficult, but we
(ne,
succeed~
in getting on shore after
getting wet feet & part of us wet clothes.
t~
Just in rront of
Ii ttle cove where we landed there is a cave used by fishermen
occasionally for a residence.
It is in ext·ent about 30 paces
by 15 and at the mouth about 30 feet high gradually lessening in
hight till the roof meets the ground.
ancient discharge of lava.
It was formed during some
The lava of this island apIB·ars of
a very much more ancient kind than the. lava or Hawaii.
We trav-
elled a short distance over a very rough path along the shar-·e
and c arn.e to the mokuna of' the large divisions of' the island
(~"c..}
[.:sIC}
Waianai and Waiarua -
"
A.
The. former .extending f'rom the Southern to
the western point and the latter from the same point after turning
w~ich,the
shore takes a turn about
~.
N. E. and with af'ew
irregularities keeps this direction to the harbac: &. the pr incipal
.
[~J
settlements of TNairua, when it takes nearly a due north direcRaving turned the west point or the island we had an
tiona
imin.edia te change of atmosphere.
The t:Lade winds blew fre sh and
pretty much in our faces, and we were enabled to quicken
o~
pace.
We passed Nenelea a settlement of fishermen and a convenient
place for hauling up their canoes.
Batween f'ive and six a/clock we arrived at Kahakahee where
we
foun~
a school assembled of 27 scholars.
This we examined
and put up in the place of examination for the night.
By invi-
tation the people assembled in the evening & f'illed the house.
Taomi addressed them, and it was quite eleven ofclock berore
they dispersed.
Wednesday June 28th.
~ter
mOrTILrrg service where
we lodged we walked on to Aukuu land belonging to Taomi where we
took breakfast.
A hog was brought forward which appeared toler-
-12-
ably well cooked and some of it was put upon my dish but as the
hog had been strangled according to the native method or killing
their pork I chose rather to eat some salt fish with my bread
and te.a.
From Aukuu we went on to ilifukuleianui where we examined a
school of 49 scholars.
There was an address and paayer after
which we walked on for the principal settlement! Prom this place
the coast takes for some distance a more Easterly direction,
r.;
it took more of a nottherly course.
a~in
We were ferried aCTOSS a
little frith and went to the school house.- ~ined one· 0chool
of 62 .scholars 48 of whom very readily called the n.ar;:.es of. the
letters, one read in the hymns.
One or two mar e schools in tbe..
neighborhood will assemble. in the same place in the afternoon.
Observing a rock of singular ap};B-arance on a tongue of land
at no great distance from the school house I walked to it: at a
distance it resembled a tortoise on the
of another. tortoise
to
though it would require a great deal of eutti~g mruce it resemble
bac~:
"
in size as much as it resembled one in shaye, and it 71culd still
require a great deal of cutting to bring the ·shape irrto anything
like an exact
in ancient
resembl~~ce.
tL~es
Those who went with
~e
told me that
it came from Tauai swimmi2g like a fish and CaIDa
ashore ai'1.d took its rresent position •
..d..S
nea=' as I could meaSU2:'e it and define its si t'...la tio:c. it was
20 feet wide by 23 feet long & 6 to 8 or 9 feet thick and in cir-
cuit 80 feet, and 75 paces from the sea which is 60r 8 feet
lower than the rock upon which it stands.
After di~ing at a late hour we examined another $chool in
the same place consisting of 4i Scholars 17 of which were. abJe..
to read in the hymns and but two ignorant of the letters.
~
good-
-15-
ly number of people being assembled in the large school house
Taomi addressed them at some length.
At 20 minutes after 5 otck we set out again and proceeding
[s/c.:J
on our way in about 40 minutes came to Kawairoa where we found
1\
124 scholars assembled in a large school house waiting to be examined.
We found 84
aCQuainte~
with the letters 17 of whom read
very well in the hymns and 5 are able to write on the slate.
Here we spent the night.
,-. \
!
\
Thursday June '29.
l
Wanaao
[s~==.]
arose and made ready to proceed on our tour. ,At half past five
A
crossed a frith near the house where we lodged. Pursued my coUrse
with a pretty Quick step passing a considerable number of ta~~le.
At 20 minutes before 8' arrived at the pkincipal settlement in'
&.:0
Waimeau the residence of Eevaheva.
liere we took breakfast, after
which we examined a school of 48 scholars 38 of
om
wh~
know their
letters, and of this number 7 are able to read in the hymns.
We were very hospitably entertained by E:evaheva who seems
greatly interested in the improveEent of his people and desirous
himself ,to learn the palapala. I gave him a hy-wn book. This present delighted him greatly.
At 12 ofck we started fromfiaimea and entered a uistrict
belonging to Kaahumanu) Pupukea.
kanawai and made remarks.
Counted 26 houses. Read tte
The people ·would be glad of a teacher.
~J
At Poumaru addressed a small comparry- the people desire a teacher.
From the latter place we continued our course in a N Easterly direction-arriving at Taunala addressed a number of people
who had assembled for a hooikaika.
At Waialee a place some
distance further on in a N.N.E. course we met and addressed a
hooikaika meeting
~obably
assembled in consequence of inte.lli-
gence (?fJ o~r approach.
Our course from Pahfupahilua lay in a N. E. direction. The
land from the sea shore is gently undulating to the mountains
which are not h.igh
o·f verdure.
&,
may properly be called hills and destitute
The soil all along has the appearance of barrenness.
It yields no taro, nor does scarcely any grow from Waianai to
KDolau and the region of country
~hich
produces no taro is called
Kaha which is the gran.d narri.e or the Division from Waianai to
Koolau.-
Our path hes followed the shore with its curvitures- &,
. being over a sandy soil our travelling has been wearisome.
Following an E. N. E. course we walked on to Kawela where
about 75 or 80 persgns had assembled awaiting our arrival to
baar about the word of God and the way of Salvation.
..,2
....
~
\
It was nearly night when the exercises at this place (Closed)
but' wishing to make all the possible progress I concluded to go
on and put up for the night at some buildings ahead, though somewhat against the wishes of my company who being tired felt inclined to stop where we were.
We went on however and took up
lodgings ,for the night at Oio.
liere we met with Kaka the wife
of Naoa who with several female -teachers was on a toUT around
the islando
She set out from Eonoruru for Koolau about the time
Taomi wahine set out for
[~GJ
E~a
and for the same purpose.
She wlll
continue her toUT and pass Taomi wahine and revisit the places
which she had visited.
Friday June 30th.
6 o/ck.
Started from Oio at 20 min. past
~ak1ng about an E. course we walked over a level country
and considerably extended - The mountains along here do not rise
-15-
very abruptly near the shore but are seen towering in a Southern
and Eastern direction.
The land, over which we travelled till
breakfast timej the distance of 5 or 6 miles in length and from
1 to 2 miles in breadth the native say floated in from the sea
~
and connected i tself with the shores [of] the islandis lava, and it might have been' formed in ancient
Its basis
t~e
by a sub-
terraneous discharge of lava into the sea, which formed this tract,
or an eruption occurred under the sea at this place which threw
up the lava & took the place of the waters.-
This tract is beau-
tified with lauhala and some other trees, and is the only scenery
of the kind we have met 'with~ mDst of our 'course on the ~est~
& northern part of the island
~ayiRg
over barren sand producing
a c'oarse kind of grass and vines of the size of the. little }inger
I
& smaller, running to a great
distance producing a bell cup
flotlpr.
lost sight of the Western point of the island, keeping an
Easterly course.
After
br1akf~sting
and reading the kanawai at KahukU, at
5 minutes past 9 we set out again and at 10 minutes before 11
Of
clock arrived at Laiewai where we found a ~hool assembled of
60 scholars, belonging to this
Laiemoro.
p~ace
and the adjoining land
Here we stopped 3 hours & 20 min. and had time to get
dryas we had been wet in a shower.-
We took d.inner at this
place and set out at 10 minutes after two.
Stopped at one ~ the
last houses in Laiemoro and filled up a sheet o·f paper with copies for the writing £cholars of the School we had last examined.Our course lay rather to the southward of East.
ing nearly two hours we arrived at
Hauul~
Mter walk-
where we found 108 per-
-16.1.
..
sons assembled to repeat the kanawai.
The head man of Hauula
this
conducts the school which unites the people of ~ land and
/\.
Ka~papau
an adjoining land-
lie teaches the scholars the kanawai,
Baptiso & Pule, and would instruct them in the Ka Be A Ba but
has no books.
We walked on a short distance further to Makao where we
found a Jchool of 12 children just formed entirely destitute of
books.
t~e
One or two of the ~cholars were acquainted with most of
letters. [Dgave the tea"cher advice as to" the IG.a.nner of in-
structing
aP~d
promised
h~
books as soon as they shOUld be print-
ed.Eere we lodged and in the
~vening
addressed the people who
came into see and hear.
Saturday July 1st.
After morning prayers we set out
on our journey, passed through seven settlements containing ullwards of 80 houses and probably 500 inhabitants.
There a~e no gchools thr9ugh this extent but the ~eople are
desirous of receiving instruction.
ing.-
'l'here is one hooikaika meet-
At half past 7 otck we arrived at Punaluu a place
contg.
r'V
[containingY(-'O 45 houses where we took breakfast.
.d.fte.r I had
breakfasted and while the natives were eating I read the kanawai
to a cOTIl.:Qany whoI!l I invited. to come around. Iile and listen.
We
started at 5 min. after 10 and after travelling about an hour
arrived at Kahana, a beautiful valley belonging to Naihe, at the
head of a small narrow bay opening to the N. E. into which the
t
trades are almost always blOWing. pn the western side of tte bay
the mountains are low
&
destitute of trees. 9'ur path lay along
the western side of the mountains and the sea was striving in its
half spent surges against the sand beach, and broken rocks of
-17-
lava which in several places form its barrier to the waves.Below our path and three or four feet above the sal t water) there
are springs of cool fresh water issuing from the base of tre.
mountain &. afrording sufficient moisture for a border of taro
banana trees &.c .
A stream of fresh water runs from the moun-
. tains? but meeting with the sea', it does no t answer the purpose
of irrigating the valley to any great extent.
The· tops of tta
mountains in back from the sea are covered with trees
On the E. &.
S~
&
verdure.
E. side the surnmi t s tower to the cloud by an
abrupt ascent and overlook the valley. The dark green of tl:e
trees on the tops of the mountains contrasted. with the brown and
in same places bare sides of ceme parts of their base and or descend.ing hills branching from them &. extending into' the valley
give them a grand &. cheerful appearance.
At the head of tha
valley the sides are covered with verdure to their foot.
The land does not appear to be cultivated to any considerable
[s/c.J .
and
Wauti
and
bananas
towards tba
extent. The most that I saw was
A
A.
head of the valley taro which however was not of the most flourishing appearance.
Much wild sugar cane is seen gro'Ning in clumps
over the whole extent of the valley.
Lauhala also grows at the
foot of the mountains and in many- places skirt(SJ the edge of their
base while here and there a tree and a green clump is seen clingt
'2-Il:8] to
their sides farther up.
This' is applicable only to :9art
of the mountains which enclose this spot.
The mountains of the
~
interior are covered with thick woods and dark green verdure which
extend even into the valley_
Examined a ~chool of 50 $cholars in the forenoon, and sent
word to the .teacher of a neighboring village to assemble his
-18-
£chool in this place in the afternoon.
As it will not be in our Po.wer to reach Eonoruru this week
and by travelling on through the day we should pass the principal settlements on this side of the 1sland, I concluded it would
be best to gratify the na ti 'Ie s by stopping at this place over the
Sabbath.
I was more inclined to this.measure as there is a rros-
pect that :more persons will com.e together to hear the word o£ God
in this place than in any other place near by.
Towards evening the. $chool from the neighboring district of·
Kaaawa arrived.
The -School consists of 54 .fcholars, only 43 o:f
which were :r:rresent,. the remainder being employed in making I1' epa-.
ration for the Sabbath.
We learned that the teacher Makaliilii
has been in the habit of using an improper prayer.
I wrote it
down and charged him not to use it again.
Sabbath July 2nd.
The people assembled Un the morn-
ing to the nUlILber of' 1000 or 1200 to whom Taomi addressed accordiug to his knowledge and ability the words of eternal life.
~
people listened with attention and seemed much ·interested·, After
the exercises 'Here closed thay came around us in great numbers to
present their salutations.In the afternoon the congregation was not so large, many
persons living at a distance having returned to their homes.
Taomi gave as well as he was able an account of the savior~s
death.
The history of his sufferings seemed to interest them.
Taomi walked into the valley among the houses of the natives to
converse with the people at their homes.
When he returned he gava
an account of two persons whom he had met with who having heard
something of the true God,while their neighbors were in darkness,
had not withstood the opposition they met with from the supersti-
-19-
tions around them
endeav~ed
to keep in mind and observe the
things they had heard, had cast off their former practices and
thereby incurred the displeasure of their da.:r'k hearted. neighbors.
In the evening a
man
and woman came into the house; the
woman had taken some offence at the man who was her husband. and
. had been irregular{ the husband. brought her that we might con-:verse with her & reclaim her.
culated.to do good.
Taomi had along conversation cal-
I also added something to ind.uce her to re-
turn to the right wa"¥ and to live with her husband.
Monday July 3rd·.
ancel
Arose as soon as day made its appear-
I roused up the sleepy natives and prepared to proceed on
our way_
At 5 min. after 5 ofck we set out and after travelling
. about 3 hours
a course
varying from
Ej
to
Sf
E{ by S. I arrived
at Kualoa, having outstripped most of my company they having a
.
~.
strong desire to stop'frequently and. to stay along time at every
stopping place.
Here I.examined two schools one of 48 scholars
belonging to the place and another or 36 scholars belonging to a
neighboring land Hakipuu.
when Taomi came up.
I had nearly finished the examination
Having finished the examination we took break-
fast and afterwards Taomi addres~~ a considerable of a com;any
who had assembled in connection with the $chool and I closed with
singing and prayer.
VIe set out again and after passing a cause-
way enclosing a large pond of water employed for container
f~
small fish we entered. a marshy tract. After travelling some time
in an E. S. E. direction we came to several fields of the cotton
plant. The plant was of different ~rowthJ some had but just begm
to branch out., others were half grown and some was in bloom,
other some of the cotton was ripe.
-20-
At Waiaholi we stopped to examine a school. We arrived at
25 min. before 12 otck. After the examination was closed Taomi
addressed the people who had asseEbled in considerable numbers
p~rhaps
300, I added a short address sung &, closed. with prayer.
We afterwards took dinner &, at 20 min. before 2 set out fur the
next
settlement. Our path led us- over a country diversified with
low hills and valleys. We passed over one stream. of water having
a more rapid current than any I had seen in the island> and I
think discharges
a~
much-Hater into the sea in a gilJen time as
any stream on this island.
From this place we had a
vie~
of a small
isl~d
called.
(5':<-)
MCkolii rising near the shore off against Kuloa, a place which
we passed in the
morni~;
resembling a monUffiBnt probably 100 feet
high conical freE the-base.
A~te~
travelling nearly two hours
~o~g
taro patches, ponds
and tracts of rushes we arrived at Kahaluu where _we fOUIld a Jchool
of 40 -£'cholars -receritly- established~ and.. _a considerable number of
G~d-
personA assembled for a hcoikaika llieeting. After the
ex~i~a~~on
of the School I read the kana'flai a:c..d acco:::u;:anied it '.-zi t1:-.i such
rep~rks
as I was able to make.
\i[e set out again at 20
m.i~.
before 5 otck and 'nith a Cluick
step pursued our course over an uneven tract of
a
short-ti~e
h~
and in
came to the residence of the chief Kalaiheana to
whom belonged the district of Kahaluu.
with
cOULtry~
lie invited us to put up
for the night, and the natives only wanted my consent to
accept cheerfully the invitation, but desiT9us to go on to a dis[S[t-]
trict before us where there are schools I decline the offer and
A
hastened fbcward.
Just about s~et I arrived at heeiauli a
-2l....
settlement containing about 30 houses.
liere I found a school of
18 youth met together awaiting examination under the direction
of. a small lad.- It was nearly dark when the examination 'QLosed,
and Taomi and his attendants whom I had left behind arriving just
at this time we concluded to go on a Imttle fUrther to Kikiwelawela
a district belonging to Kaahumanu where there is a ~hool and
there to put up for the night.A comfortable supper was provided and after refreshingtourselves I proposed we should have prayers in reference to the
monthly conce:rt.
Mter our exercises had closed and we had lairi
Cst::;
down. for repose4)j\.three· females entered our little lodging house}
who had COBe a considerable distance to hear the wo rd of God. I
conversed more than a hour with them, and with ,the help of the
Scripture tract and catechism made known to them some of the mos..t
iIilportant truths of the Bible.
The fallen state of man, his sin-
ful and perishing condition. The BeTCY of God in providing a Savior/ the fulness of salvation, the nec'essity mL repentance faith
and regeneration.
uteI' exhOJ:' ting them to repent, 'to foc
sa~
all
their sins, .to believe in and. acce];lt of Jesus Christ as their
3avior I dismissed them to return to their homes.Tuesday July 4.
Sopn after sunrise co:mrn.enced tJ:e..
A
examination of the ~chool which consists of 27 ~cholars'only 11
of which I found aCQuainted. wi t'h the letters including one able
to read in the
~ymns.
The ];leople having assembled in
co~siderable
numbers,.. Taomi addressed them and I closed the exercises with
singing and prayer.-
At 10 min. after 9 we set out for Kaneohe
the next settlement where there is a ~chool.-
This land belongs
to Aneane a chief who usually resides at HOloruru. We found him
however here, having come from Eonoruru to harvest several fields
i
. I
-22-
of cotton which have been cUltivated on his land since the return of Boki from England.
i~
We have seen considerable cotton grow-
in this region in various stages of forwardness, planted as
we learned by direction of the Chiefs in compliance with the advise of Lord Byron.
We found the~chool assembled. for examination.
Orders had
been given to the people through out the district to meet for
religious worship, but as they had not all assembled when t.be examination of the ~chool closed' I requested Taom.1 to tarry and
address the people while I walked forward to Kairua a district
three or four miles further on [wmci0 belong§>1 to 'Kaleohana where
there is a large clchool.
On my way thither passed through a dis[SrcJ
trict called Waikalua in the region of the Pare.
J\
Walking along
the embankments of fish ponds and taro plats and' crossing several
li ttle streaIIlS of i'resh water which wi..nd along ITom the mountains
to the sea refreshing and fertilizing the country_
Waikalua is separated from Kailua by a narrow ridge of hills
extending from 'the mountains some distance (four or five miles)
into the sea t.enn1nating in an em.inence and forming considerable
d
of a promontpry.
~nis
projecting ridge is overlooked by the
'[s:0
~a~e
as are also the valleys on each side of it. Kailua is a flat country and appears to have been gained from the seaf
<-
Zn the centre
of the valley is a large tract of rushes and to avoid them we
were obliged to take a circuit varying considerably from a direct
course.
At half past 12 otck I arrived at the School house and iillmediately commenced the examination.
There were 154 scholars pres-
ent, but the whole school eonsists of marry more, but the remainder
-23-
did not assemble soon enough to be examined.
I found 91 acquaint-
ed with the letters, 12 able to read in words of two &. three
sy+lables and 1 in the hymns.-
I got nothing for dinner here ex-
cept some bananas and a water melon, but I made a comfortable.,
dinner with these and some hard biscuit which I brought with me.
Just as the exercises were about to be closed Taomi came up
having addressed the people at Kaneohe, and he concluded the exercises at this place by prayer.
At 10 :min. before 4 o'ck we
set forward and in about three 'quarters of an hour I arrived. at
Kailepulu, a pleasantly situated district where a School is about
to be established.
We were urged by the head man to stop all night and my attendants were strongly inclined to
acce~t
the invitation, but
I was unwilling to put up till we should be overtaken by darkness,
I therefore went forward, crossing two considerable streams of
water and after ascending a ridge of high land from which the
Eastern point of the island is distinctly seen, I sat down and
took a view of the district of Waimanalo which lay spread out
below extending from. the sea to the mountains which here rise'
al:most perpendicularly and extend for many :miles in a line nearly
East and West, and form a
barrie~
excluding almost entirely in
that direction all intercourse with the opposite side of the
island.
I counted 3Ohouses scattered through the valley, there
are probably many :more.
houses where I
~ound
I descended and walked on to the f:ir st
the natives ready to receive &. entertain me.
I wished to pass on further as it was not quite sunset but a
stream of water interposing I was obliged to take a path which
led me somewhat out of a direct course towards the sea
stream is avoided.-
\Jh.er e,
~il~
the
It was nearly dark when I and my attendant
-24-
arrived at the sea side, and I was glad to avail myself of a
decent looking house at hand to put up for the nigh.t.
In about
half an hour Taomi and his company whom I had left behind at
Kailepulu came up.
The people of the place came in during supper and near.ly
filled the house.-
Mte:r ,our repast Tao:r::r.i addressed them and I
also made a few remarks & concluded with singing and prayer.
Arter the people dispersed we lay ourselves down upon our mats
spread upon the ground. and enjoyed" com:fortable night"s :re:pose.
Wednesday July 5th
Set out at half past 5 otck
and at abOU~eight otck ar:rived at Kukui a small poor fishing settlement.
We walked all the
wa~
from
WaiTI~~alo
to this place upon
the sane.. beach with the sea dashing at our feet and not unfrequently washing our
steps~
On the right at no great'distance rose
the lllOuntains almost perpendicularly topped VIi th verdure presenting their mural front like an iilipassable wall.
From Kukui we passed on to Kalapueo the last settlement on
this side of the island and the abode of a fe."l poor fisheTT....G.en/
c
and soon after ascended a steep pre;ipice called Liakapuu against
the foot of which the
aloft their spray.-
EGuntain~~
waves dash incess2ntly & throw
By ascending this precipice we avoided pass-
ing entirely around the East point of the island which we could
effected
not have accomplished without much labour and iifficulty. A high
bluff terminating the ridge of mountains in this direction forms
the Eastern extremity and it is of very difficult access if not
altogether impervious.
Raving gained the
whe~e
heighth~
I was
ShOWIl se~e~al
heaps of stones
in the days of their darkness the people had erected stone
gods and paid religious worship to stocks & stones.
Cne of the
-25-
d
gods was still standing and some of my attendants endeavored to
throw it down but it was too firm2y fixed and it reminded me of
thfr remaining superstition4 of the natives which have yet resisted the
ef~orts
of Christian exertion to eradicate it.
From the eminence I had a view of the sea on both sides! on
one· hand dashing its foaming waves just undex me and on the other
at no great distance throwing in its long white capta. su:c-ges
to~ards
the shore.-
After descending gradually some distance
over a raised walk formed of rmcks & pieces of· lava
b~ought
.
[~'0
to-
gethe:::- fo r 1\ the native. s. the road took a turn in a -if. S. \1. dE. ection
givi~S
me the sea on the left and a ridge of barren hills
on the right.
Tur~g
my eyes to
t~e
Eastward I had a clear view
d
of- Molokai, Lanai and 1Iaui.-
[SIC.J
Took a path whi-ch led some 6.isAt.
tance from the shore and to the northward of KOko head. Eaving
ascended the high land in thas direction with Koko head on the
left the shores to the Eastward of Diamond Rill ouened in
~
~os-
-"
pect an.J. beyond that prominent object rearin3 its towering brow
terminated the view in that direction, 6 or 7 points of land inte:='vening covered with groves of cocoanut trees.
I desc.enc.ed with my attendant, and near the shar: e s of a large
~ond
containing a surface of nany-hundred acres I came to a little
sett~ement
called Keawaawa and stopped e few moments to enquire
the way & to allow my attendant the luxury of a whit of tobacco.Thence I walked on
the side of the pond in a southerly di0
rection about a mile having the emin.ences ]fuunalua on :my left- I
~y
1 (.,.']
"
then Calie to a narrow strip of land resembling a causeway partly
natural and partly constructed extending in a No±thwest directionacross what appeared to be considerable of a bay forming a
barrier between the sea and the pond.
At the further
end of this
-26-
causeway sluices are ,constructed & the waters of the sea unite
with the pond and at ever.y flood tide replenish it with a fresh
su~ply.of
water.
Near the middle of this causeway there is a
settlement of 18 houses belonging to Kalola called Mounalua. Eere
I stopped about an hour, rested myself, took some refres1:me_nt
and
re~d
the kanawai.-
At 5 minutes after 12 otck I set out
again and after walking about 3 hours passing through 3 settlements and reading the kanawai at one of them I arrived at tle
School house in Waialae.-
AS I wished to complete my tour around the island and make
the best of my way home before night I conclud,ed to omit the
examination of the .Jchools at this place and Waikiki &. proceed
to Honolulu.
From Waialae I took the shortest course to Honolulu
and just before sunfet had the pleasure of greeting my brethren
&. sisters at the
~ission
house. - - -
Tuesday July 11th.
schools in. Waialae and
Rode with Taomi to insuect the
~[aikiki.
ElID OF INSERT :H o. 1